Cikakken Bincike Kan Tsarin Kaya Daga China Zuwa Ostiraliya Da Kuma Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa Da Ke Ba Da Inganci Mai Kyau Kan Kwastam
Ga masu shigo da kaya da ke neman jigilar kaya daga China zuwaOstiraliya, fahimtar tsarin jigilar kaya a teku yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da tsarin jigilar kaya cikin lokaci, mai inganci, da kuma santsi. A matsayinmu na ƙwararrun masu jigilar kaya, za mu samar da cikakken bayani game da dukkan tsarin jigilar kaya da kuma haskaka ingancin share kwastam a tashoshin jiragen ruwa daban-daban na Ostiraliya don taimaka muku inganta tsarin samar da kayayyaki.
Fahimtar Kayayyakin Ruwa
Jigilar kaya ta tekutana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da suka fi araha wajen jigilar kayayyaki masu yawa a wurare masu nisa. Tana amfani da jiragen ruwa na kwantena don jigilar kayayyaki iri-iri, tun daga kayan masarufi har zuwa kayan da aka gama. Ga masu shigo da kaya daga Ostiraliya, jigilar kaya daga China ta shahara musamman saboda kusancinta da kuma hanyoyin jigilar kaya da yawa.
Manyan Fa'idodin Jigilar Kaya a Teku
1. Ingancin farashi: Jirgin ruwa gabaɗaya ya fi rahusa fiye da jigilar kaya ta sama, musamman don jigilar kaya mai yawa.
2. Ƙarfin aiki: Jiragen ruwan kwantena na iya jigilar kaya masu yawa, wanda hakan ya sa su zama masu dacewa ga masu shigo da kaya waɗanda ke da buƙatar kayayyaki mai yawa.
3. Tasirin Muhalli: Jirgin ruwa na teku yana da ƙarancin hayakin carbon idan aka kwatanta dajigilar jiragen sama.
Bayani kan Tsarin Jigilar Kaya ta Teku daga China zuwa Ostiraliya
Mataki na 1: Shiri & Yin Rajista
- Rarraba Kayayyaki: Tantance lambar HS daidai don kayanka, domin wannan yana shafar haraji, haraji, da ƙa'idojin shigo da kaya.
- Zaɓi incoterm: Bayyana a sarari nauyin da ke kan mai samar da kayanka (misali, FOB, CIF, EXW).
- Yi rajistar sararin jigilar kaya: Yi aiki tare da mai jigilar kaya don tabbatar da sararin kwantena (FCL ko LCL) akan jiragen ruwa da ke tashi daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na China zuwa Ostiraliya. Don lokutan yau da kullun, tabbatar da jadawalin jigilar kaya da kamfanin jigilar kaya tare da mai jigilar kaya makonni 1 zuwa 2 a gaba; don lokutan da suka fi zafi kamar Kirsimeti, Juma'a Baƙi, ko kafin Sabuwar Shekarar China, yi shiri tun da wuri. Don jigilar LCL (Ƙasa da Nauyin Kwantena), a kai zuwa ma'ajiyar da mai jigilar kaya ya keɓe; don jigilar FCL (Cikakken Nauyin Kwantena), mai jigilar kaya zai shirya jigilar kaya zuwa wurin da aka keɓe don lodawa.
Mataki na 2: Fitar da Kwastam daga China
- Mai samar da kaya ko mai tura ku yana kula da sanarwar fitarwa.
- Takardun da ake buƙata galibi sun haɗa da:
- Takardar Shaidar Kasuwanci
- Jerin Kayan Shiryawa
- Rasit
- Takardar Asali (idan ya dace)
- Takardar Shaidar Fumigation (Idan kayan suna ɗauke da marufi na katako, dole ne a kammala maganin fumigation a gaba, kuma dole ne a shirya takaddun shaida masu dacewa don guje wa cikas ga share kwastam a gaba.)
- Ana jigilar kayayyaki zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta kaya (misali, Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen).
Mataki na 3: Sufuri da Jirgin Ruwa na Teku
- Babban tashar jiragen ruwa na kasar Sin: Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen, Qingdao, Tianjin, Xiamen, da dai sauransu.
- Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Australiya: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Fremantle, Adelaide.
- Lokacin sufuri:
- Gabashin Tekun Ostiraliya (Sydney, Melbourne): Kwanaki 14 zuwa 22
- Yammacin Tekun (Fremantle): Kwanaki 10 zuwa 18
- Jiragen ruwa galibi suna ratsa manyan cibiyoyin jigilar kaya kamar Singapore ko Port Klang.
A wannan matakin, ana iya bin diddigin yanayin kaya a ainihin lokaci ta hanyar tsarin bin diddigin kaya na kamfanin jigilar kaya.
Mataki na 4: Takardu Kafin Zuwa & Bukatun Ostiraliya
- Sanarwar Kwastam ta Ostiraliya: An gabatar da ita ta hanyar Tsarin Kaya Mai Haɗaka (ICS) kafin isowa.
- Ma'aikatar Noma, Ruwa da Muhalli (DAWE): Kayayyaki da yawa suna buƙatar dubawa ko magani don kare lafiyar halittu.
- Sauran Takaddun Shaida: Dangane da kayayyaki (misali, kayan lantarki, kayan wasa), ana iya buƙatar ƙarin amincewa.
Mataki na 5: Ayyukan Tashar Jiragen Ruwa & Tace Kwastam a Ostiraliya
Bayan kayan sun isa tashar jiragen ruwa, suna shiga tsarin share fage na kwastam. Mai jigilar kaya ko dillalin kwastam zai taimaka wajen gabatar da takardu kamar takardar ɗaukar kaya, takardar kuɗi, da takardar shaidar feshi ga kwastam na Australiya. Sannan, za a biya harajin kwastam da kusan kashi 10% na Harajin Kayayyaki da Ayyuka (GST) bisa ga nau'in kayan. Wasu kayayyaki masu cancanta na iya samun keɓancewar haraji.
- Idan an share, ana sakin kwantena don ɗauka.
- Idan ana buƙatar duba, jinkiri da ƙarin kuɗi na iya faruwa.
Mataki na 6: Kai zuwa Wurin da za a je
- Ana jigilar kwantena ta hanyar babbar mota ko layin dogo daga tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa rumbun ajiyar ku, ko kuma za ku iya shirya manyan motoci don ɗaukar kaya a tashar jiragen ruwa.
- Ana mayar da kwantena marasa komai zuwa wuraren ajiyar kaya da aka keɓe.
Binciken Ingancin Tashar Kwastam ta Ostiraliya
Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Melbourne:
Ribobi:A matsayinta na tashar jiragen ruwa mafi girma kuma mafi yawan cunkoso a Ostiraliya, tana kula da kusan kashi 38% na zirga-zirgar kwantena a cikin ruwa a ƙasar, tana da hanyar sadarwa mai yawa ta hanyoyin jigilar kaya da kuma ingantattun kayayyakin more rayuwa na tashar jiragen ruwa. Ba wai kawai tana da tashoshi na musamman don nau'ikan kaya daban-daban ba, har ma tana amfani da tsarin haɗin gwiwar kwastam mai girma, tare da ƙungiyoyin kwastam na ƙwararru na gida, don sarrafa kayayyaki iri-iri yadda ya kamata, gami da injina, sassan motoci, da kayan gini, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama tashar jiragen ruwa da aka fi so don share kaya daga masana'antu.
Fursunoni:Karancin aiki a wasu lokutan ko kuma jinkiri da ya shafi yanayi.
Mafi kyau ga:Kaya na gabaɗaya, shigo da kayayyaki daga masana'antu, rarrabawa a kudu maso gabashin Ostiraliya.
Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Sydney (Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Port):
Ribobi:A matsayinta na babbar tashar jiragen ruwa mai zurfi ta halitta kuma babbar tashar jiragen ruwa a Ostiraliya, fa'idodin share fage na kwastam sun ta'allaka ne da babban matakin dijital da hanyoyin share fage daban-daban. Tashar jiragen ruwa tana da alaƙa da tsarin share fage na kwastam na Ostiraliya, wanda ke ba da damar gabatar da bayanan kaya awanni 72 a gaba ta hanyar tsarin ICS, wanda ke rage lokacin jira na tashar da kashi 60%. Ga kayayyakin mutum da aka kimanta a ≤ AUD 1000, akwai hanyar share fage mai sauƙi, tare da kammala sarrafawa a cikin matsakaicin kwanakin kasuwanci 1 zuwa 3. Bayan sanarwa, kayan da ake ɗauka na yau da kullun suna yin izinin lantarki da dubawa bazuwar, kuma gabaɗaya ana kammala share fage cikin kwanaki 3 zuwa 7 na aiki. Kashi 85% na kayan da ake ɗauka na yau da kullun ana sakin su cikin kwanaki 5 na aiki, wanda ke biyan buƙatun share fage na kayan kasuwancin e-commerce kamar kayan masarufi da kayan daki.
Fursunoni:Zai iya fuskantar cunkoso, musamman a lokacin zafi.
Mafi kyau ga:Kayayyakin da ake shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje, kayan masarufi, da kuma tsarin samar da kayayyaki mai tsauri.
Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Brisbane:
Ribobi:A matsayinta na babbar tashar jiragen ruwa ta kwantena a Queensland, tana da tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda 29 masu aiki tare da ingantaccen lodi da sauke kaya. Hakanan tana da tashoshi na musamman don nau'ikan kaya daban-daban, gami da jigilar kaya da jigilar kaya da kuma jigilar kaya (Ro-Ro), waɗanda ke da ikon sarrafa jigilar kaya da jigilar kaya kamar kayan gida, kayan gini, da kayan aikin kayan aiki. Tsarin share kaya ya dace da buƙatun jigilar kaya da na gabaɗaya, tare da lokutan sharewa da ƙarancin dogon lokaci, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da kayayyakin da aka nufa zuwa Queensland da yankunan da ke kewaye.
Fursunoni:Ƙaramin ƙarfin aiki, ƙila yana da ƙarancin layukan jigilar kaya kai tsaye.
Mafi kyau ga:Masu shigo da kaya a Queensland da arewacin NSW.
Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Fremantle (Perth):
Ribobi:Saurin raba kaya ba tare da an takaita su ba, ƙarancin cunkoso, da inganci ga kayan da ke tafiya zuwa WA.
Fursunoni:Tsawon lokacin jigilar kaya daga China, ƙarancin zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa na mako-mako.
Mafi kyau ga:Kayan aikin haƙar ma'adinai, shigo da kayan noma daga ƙasashen waje, da kuma harkokin kasuwanci da suka mayar da hankali kan WA.
Adelaide da sauransu
Ƙananan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na iya samun sassaucin zirga-zirga saboda ƙarancin ma'aikata akai-akai da ƙarancin tsarin haɗin gwiwa.
Zai iya zama mai inganci ga takamaiman kaya masu ƙarancin haɗari tare da takaddun da aka riga aka shirya.
Nasihu don Saurin Rage Takardar Kwastam a Kowace Tashar Jiragen Ruwa
1. Daidaiton Takardu: Tabbatar da cewa dukkan takardu sun yi daidai.
2. Yi amfani da Dillalan Kwastam Masu Lasisi: Sun fahimci ƙa'idodin Ostiraliya kuma suna iya gabatar da takardu a gaba.
3. Bin Dokokin Tsaron Halittu: Kula da katako, marufi, da kayan halitta yadda ya kamata.
4. Aika takardu da wuri-wuri ta hanyar tsarin ICS (Independent Customs Service).
5. Shiri Kafin Lokaci: Idan zai yiwu, shirya kaya a gaba a lokacin da ake fuskantar yanayi mai tsanani sannan a tuntubi masu jigilar kaya sannan a yi rajistar wuri kafin lokaci.
Senghor Logistics tana da fiye da shekaru 10 na gogewa a fannin jigilar kayayyaki na ƙasashen duniya, kuma hanyar jigilar kayayyaki ta China zuwa Ostiraliya ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyinmu na hidimar. Tare da shekaru na gwaninta, mun kuma tara wasu masu aminci.Abokan cinikin Ostiraliyawaɗanda suke aiki tare da mu tun daga lokacin. Muna samar da ayyukan jigilar kaya daga manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na China zuwa Ostiraliya, gami da share kwastam da kuma isar da kaya daga gida zuwa gida, don tabbatar da cewa an samar da tsarin sufuri mai sauƙi kuma mai araha.
Don koyon yadda za mu iya taimaka muku da buƙatun kayan aikin shigo da kaya, don Allahtuntuɓe muyau.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-19-2025
