Freight Forwarder vs. Carrier: Qhov txawv yog dab tsi?
Yog koj koom nrog kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, tej zaum koj yuav tau ntsib cov lus xws li "freight forwarder", "shipping line" lossis "shipping company", thiab "airline". Txawm hais tias lawv txhua tus ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsiv khoom hla ciam teb, lawv cov haujlwm thiab tus nqi rau cov neeg xa khoom txawv txawv heev.
Txoj kab xa khoom lossis lub dav hlau yog dab tsi?
Cov kab xa khoom lossis cov tuam txhab xa khoom (piv txwv li, Maersk, MSC, CMA CGM) thiab cov dav hlau (piv txwv li, FedEx, Lufthansa Cargo, lossis CA, CZ, MU hauv Suav teb) yog "cov neeg nqa khoom". Lawv muaj thiab ua haujlwm cov khoom muaj nqis - cov nkoj, dav hlau, thiab cov thawv - uas thauj khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Lawv tswj hwm txoj kev xa khoom thiab qhov chaw xa khoom ncaj qha, thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog muab qhov chaw rau kev thauj khoom ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj lossis tshav dav hlau.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom:
1. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev thauj mus los ntawm ib qho chaw mus rau ib qho chaw.
2. Muag qhov chaw (piv txwv li, qhov chaw rau thawv lossis lub pallet thauj khoom los ntawm huab cua) rau cov neeg xa khoom lossis ncaj qha rau cov neeg xa khoom loj.
3. Lub luag haujlwm xaus thaum cov khoom raug thauj khoom/tso tawm ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj keeb kwm/qhov chaw mus los lossis tshav dav hlau.
4. Tsis tas li ntawm kev thauj mus los, cov tuam txhab xa khoom thiab cov dav hlau feem ntau tsis ua haujlwm hauv lwm cov txheej txheem, xws li kev tshaj tawm cov khoom thauj, kev thauj khoom hauv av (los ntawm lub Hoobkas mus rau chaw nres nkoj), thiab kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai ntawm chaw nres nkoj mus. Cov neeg xa khoom feem ntau yuav tsum ua cov no lawv tus kheej lossis xa mus rau lwm lub koom haum.
Tus neeg xa khoom mus rau lwm qhov yog dab tsi?
Ib tug neeg xa khoom mus rau lwm qhov chaw (xws liSenghor Logistics!) ua haujlwm ua koj tus "khub logistics thiab tus neeg nruab nrab". Peb tsis muaj cov nkoj lossis dav hlau tab sis siv kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau tus neeg thauj khoom los tsim cov kev daws teeb meem txij thaum pib mus txog thaum kawg uas haum rau koj cov kev xav tau. Cov neeg xa khoom xa khoom muab kev pabcuam ntau dua, npog tag nrho cov txheej txheem xa khoom, txij ntawm pem hauv ntej mus rau tom qab.
Cov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb uas cov neeg xa khoom xa tuaj muab:
1. Kev npaj cov kev daws teeb meem logistics ntau hom: Yog tias muaj, peb piv rau qhov twg muajkev thauj khoom hauv hiav txwv, kev thauj khoom los ntawm huab cua, kev thauj khoom los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau, thiab kev xaiv kev thauj mus los ntawm txoj kev kom ua kom zoo dua tus nqi, kev ceev, thiab kev ntseeg tau.
2. Kev sau ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua raws li txoj cai: Peb pab cov tswv khoom thauj khoom sau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm kev lis kev cai (xws li cov ntawv xa khoom lag luam thiab kev txheeb xyuas daim ntawv teev khoom), sib tham nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm lis kev cai rau kev tshaj tawm kev xa khoom tawm, npaj kev thauj khoom hauv av (los ntawm lub Hoobkas mus rau lub tsev rau khoom ntawm chaw nres nkoj tawm mus), thiab sib koom tes nkag thiab tshuaj xyuas cov khoom thauj.
3. Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom thauj: Muab LCL (Tsawg dua Thawv Thauj Khoom) cov kev pabcuam thiabcov kev pab cuam sib sau ua kekom txo cov nqi rau cov khoom xa tuaj me me.
4. Sib txuas lus nrog cov tuam txhab xa khoom: Saib xyuas kev nce qib ntawm kev booking khoom, paub meej qhov chaw xa khoom nrog cov tuam txhab xa khoom, tau txais cov nqi thauj khoom, thiab xa mus rau cov tswv khoom lossis cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj.
5. Kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai: Tswj kev ua lag luam kev lis kev cai ntawm qhov chaw pib thiab qhov chaw mus kom tsis txhob muaj kev ncua lossis kev nplua.
6. Kev pov hwm khoom thauj: Muab cov kev xaiv pov hwm los tiv thaiv koj cov khoom ntawm kev pheej hmoo thauj mus los.
7. Sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg sawv cev hauv zos: Sib tham nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov chaw mus, pab cov tswv khoom thauj khoom nrog kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov chaw mus, npaj kev xa khoom hauv av (thauj khoom los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj mus rau qhov chaw xa khoom), thiab daws cov teeb meem xa khoom (piv txwv li, kev ncua sijhawm thauj khoom, kev hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv).
Vim li cas ho xaiv tus neeg xa khoom mus rau lwm lub tuam txhab dua li kev teem caij ncaj qha nrog tus neeg thauj khoom?
| Aspect | Tus neeg xa khoom mus rau lwm qhov chaw | Tus Neeg Thauj Khoom (Kab Xa Khoom/Chaw Dav Hlau) |
| Scope ntawm Kev Pabcuam | Xaus-rau-kawg: qhov rooj-rau-qhov rooj logistics, cov ntaub ntawv, kev lis kev cai | Taw tes-rau-taw tes: chaw nres nkoj/tshav dav hlau-mus-chaw nres nkoj/tshav dav hlau xwb |
| Kev ywj pheej | Cov kev xaiv ntau hom thiab cov kev daws teeb meem uas haum rau koj | Tsuas yog rau lawv cov kev thiab cov sijhawm xwb |
| Kev siv nyiaj kom zoo | Cov nqi sib tham, kev pabcuam sib sau ua ke muaj | Tus nqi txheem; tsis muaj kev sib sau ua ke |
| Kev tswj hwm kev pheej hmoo | Tswj cov kev zam, kev pov hwm, thiab kev ua raws li txoj cai | Lub luag haujlwm tsawg; tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa dhau ntawm kev thauj mus los |
| Kev sib txuas lus | Ib qho chaw sib cuag rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem | Xav tau ntau tus neeg sib cuag rau ntau theem sib txawv |
Hais txog lub luag haujlwm, cov tuam txhab xa khoom yog "cov neeg ua haujlwm thauj khoom" thiab cov neeg xa khoom yog "cov neeg koom ua ke." Cov neeg xa khoom txuas nrog cov tuam txhab xa khoom los ntawm cov neeg xa khoom, feem ntau pauv "cov nqi pabcuam" rau "kev ua kom yooj yim dua," thaum cov tuam txhab xa khoom xyuas kom meej "lub peev xwm xa khoom tseem ceeb."
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog tus neeg xa khoom?
1. Koj xa khoom tsis tu ncua thiab xav tau cov neeg koom tes logistics uas ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha.
2. Koj xav tau "kev txuag nqi" los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke lossis kev pabcuam LCL.
3. Koj tsis xav ua haujlwm nrog kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai thiab nyiam tus nqi suav nrog txhua yam nrog kev xa khoom mus rau koj qhov chaw nyob (qhov rooj mus rau qhov roojkev pabcuam).
4. Koj cov khoom xa tuaj yuav tsum tau kev tswj hwm tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, daim ntawv pov thawj fumigation yog qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov khoom ntoo khov kho uas xa tuaj rau Australia thiab New Zealand, lossis koj cov khoom xa tuaj yuav tsum tau muaj qhov kub thiab txias).
5. Koj saib qhov pom tseeb thiab kev sib txuas lus ua ntej thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem xa khoom.
Tej zaum koj twb tau hnov txog lo lus "NVOCC", uas sawv cev rau Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier. NVOCCs yog cov neeg xa khoom uas tsis yog tus tswv ntawm cov nkoj siv rau kev thauj mus los, tab sis hloov chaw ua haujlwm ua tus thauj khoom los ntawm kev muab cov kev pabcuam xa khoom rau cov neeg xa khoom. NVOCCs tshaj tawm lawv tus kheej daim ntawv them nqi, uas ua haujlwm ua daim ntawv cog lus thauj mus los ntawm NVOCC thiab tus neeg xa khoom. Lawv muab cov khoom thauj los ntawm ntau tus neeg xa khoom ua ke rau hauv ib qho kev xa khoom, uas tom qab ntawd thauj los ntawm cov nkoj uas ua haujlwm los ntawm cov tuam txhab xa khoom sab nraud.
Ib lub NVOCC txhim khu kev qha muaj kev paub dhau los thiab lub koob npe nrov txaus; tuav cov ntawv tso cai ua raws li txoj cai; muaj cov peev txheej thauj khoom muaj zog, suav nrog cov tuam txhab xa khoom, chaw nres nkoj, thiab lwm yam; tuaj yeem muab cov nqi thauj khoom pob tshab; thiab muab kev pabcuam zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom los daws cov teeb meem xa khoom ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txhua lub sijhawm; thiab muab ntau yam kev pabcuam dav dav, suav nrog kev khaws cia, kev faib khoom, kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai thiab kev pov hwm thauj khoom kom tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg xa khoom tuaj.
Thaum cov neeg thauj khoom thauj khoom, cov neeg xa khoom thauj khoom txav cov saw hlau. Ua koj tus neeg xa khoom thauj khoom, peb ua haujlwm ua ib feem ntawm koj pab neeg - muab kev pabcuam zoo thiab kev tshaj lij hauv koj cov peev nyiaj kom ntseeg tau tias koj cov khoom xa tuaj txog raws sijhawm.
Senghor Logisticsyog ib lub tuam txhab xa khoom puv ntoob uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev thauj khoom los ntawm huab cua, kev thauj khoom los ntawm dej hiav txwv, kev pabcuam los ntawm qhov rooj mus rau qhov rooj, thiab kev txhim kho cov khoom xa tuaj, thiab lwm yam. Peb kuj yog ib lub tuam txhab NVOCC uas muaj daim ntawv cog lus nrog cov tuam txhab thauj khoom thiab cov dav hlau, muab kev nkag mus rau qhov chaw xa khoom thiab tus nqi. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, peb muab kev pabcuam xa khoom los ntawm qhov rooj mus rau qhov rooj, ua rau koj lub nra hnyav thiab txuag koj lub sijhawm thiab kev siv zog.
Npaj txhij los ua kom yooj yim rau koj txoj kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb?Tiv tauj pebhnub no rau kev daws teeb meem logistics uas haum rau koj tus kheej uas muab koj txoj kev lag luam tso ua ntej.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-17-2025
