He Tātaritanga Whānui mō te Tukanga Utu Moana mai i Haina ki Ahitereiria me ngā Tauranga e Tuku Ana i te Whai Huatanga Whakawātea Tikanga Tikanga Nui Ake
Mō ngā kaihoko kawemai e hiahia ana ki te tuku taonga mai i Haina kiAhitereiria, ko te mārama ki te tukanga utanga moana te mea nui hei whakarite kia tere, kia whai hua, kia maeneene hoki te whakamahere tuku. Hei kaituku utanga ngaio, ka whakaratohia e mātou he whakamārama taipitopito o te tukanga tuku katoa, ā, ka whakamāramahia te whai huatanga o te tukunga taake i ngā tauranga maha o Ahitereiria hei āwhina i a koe ki te arotau i tō mekameka tuku.
Te Mārama ki te Utauta Moana
Utauta moanaKo tētahi o ngā huarahi tino whai hua ki te tuku utanga nui i ngā tawhiti tawhiti. Ka whakamahia e ia ngā kaipuke ipu hei kawe i te tini o ngā hua, mai i ngā rauemi mata ki ngā taonga kua oti. Mō ngā kawemai o Ahitereiria, he tino rongonui te tuku kaipuke mai i Haina nā te mea e tata ana ki te whenua me te maha o ngā huarahi tuku.
Ngā Painga Matua o te Utauta Moana
1. Te whai hua o te utu: He iti ake te utu o te utanga moana i te utanga rangi, inā koa mō te kawe utanga papatipu.
2. Te kaha: Ka taea e ngā kaipuke ipu te kawe i ngā rahinga nui o ngā utanga, he mea tino pai mō ngā kawemai me ngā tono nui mō ngā mahi kawe.
3. Pānga ki te Taiao: He iti ake ngā tukunga waro o ngā utanga moana ki te whakaritea kiutanga rererangi.
He Tirohanga Whānui mō te Tukanga Tukunga Moana mai i Haina ki Ahitereiria
Hipanga 1: Te Whakarite me te Whakarite
- Whakarōpūtanga hua: Whakatauhia te waehere HS tika mō āu taonga, nā te mea ka pā tēnei ki ngā takoha, ngā taake, me ngā ture kawemai.
- Kōwhiria te incoterm: Whakamāramahia ngā kawenga (hei tauira, FOB, CIF, EXW) me tō kaiwhakarato.
- Whakarite wāhi tuku: Mahi tahi me te kaikawe utanga ki te whakarite wāhi ipu (FCL, LCL rānei) mō ngā kaipuke e rere ana mai i ngā tauranga Haina ki Ahitereiria. Mō ngā wā noa, whakaūhia ngā wā tuku me te kamupene tuku ki te kaikawe utanga 1 ki te 2 wiki i mua; mō ngā wā tino pukumahi pērā i te Kirihimete, te Paraire Pango, i mua rānei i te Tau Hou Hainamana, whakamaherehia i mua atu. Mō ngā tuku LCL (Iti iho i te Utaina Ipu), tuku ki te whare putunga kua tohua e te kaikawe utanga; mō ngā tuku FCL (Utaina Ipu Katoa), ka whakarite te kaikawe utanga i te taraka ki te wāhi kua tohua mō te uta.
Hipanga 2: Te Whakawātea i ngā Taonga Tukutuku i Haina
- Mā tō kaiwhakarato, mā tō kaituku rānei e whakahaere ngā whakapuakitanga kaweake.
- Ko ngā tuhinga e hiahiatia ana ko:
- Nama Tauhokohoko
- Rārangi Tākai
- Pire Utaina
- Tiwhikete Taketake (mēnā e tika ana)
- Tiwhikete Whakapūngao (Mēnā he takai rakau kei roto i ngā taonga, me whakaoti te maimoatanga whakapūngao i mua i te wā, ā, me whakarite ngā tiwhikete e tika ana hei karo i ngā arai whakawātea tikanga i muri mai.)
- Ka haria ngā taonga ki te tauranga uta (hei tauira, Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen).
Hipanga 3: Utauta Moana me te Waka
- Nga tauranga Hainamana matua: Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen, Qingdao, Tianjin, Xiamen, etc.
- Ngā tauranga matua o Ahitereiria: Poihākena, Merepone, Piripane, Fremantle, Ātereiti.
- Te wā whakawhiti:
- Te Tai Rāwhiti o Ahitereiria (Sydney, Melbourne): 14 ki te 22 ngā rā
- Te Tai Hauāuru (Fremantle): 10 ki te 18 ngā rā
- Ko te tikanga ka haere ngā kaipuke mā ngā pokapū whakawhiti kaipuke nui pēnei i a Singapore, i Port Klang rānei.
I tēnei wā, ka taea te whai i te tūnga o ngā utanga i te wā tonu mā te pūnaha aroturuki utanga a te kamupene kaipuke.
Hipanga 4: Ngā Tuhinga i mua i te Taenga Mai me ngā Whakaritenga o Ahitereiria
- Whakapuakitanga a te Tari Tāke o Ahitereiria: Tukuna mā te Pūnaha Utauta Whakauru (ICS) i mua i te taenga mai.
- Te Tari Ahuwhenua, Wai me te Taiao (DAWE): He maha ngā taonga e hiahia ana kia tirotirohia, kia rongoatia rānei hei ārai i te mate koiora.
- Ētahi atu Tiwhikete: I runga i ngā taonga (hei tauira, hiko, taonga takaro), me whiwhi whakaaetanga tāpiri pea.
Hipanga 5: Ngā Mahi Tauranga me te Whakawātea Tikanga i Ahitereiria
I muri i te taenga mai o ngā taonga ki te tauranga, ka uru atu rātou ki te tukanga whakawātea tikanga. Ka āwhina te kaituku utanga, te kaihoko tikanga rānei ki te tuku tuhinga pēnei i te pire uta, te nama, me te tiwhikete whakapūngao ki ngā tikanga o Ahitereiria. Kātahi ka utua ngā tikanga me te 10% o te Taake Taonga me ngā Ratonga (GST) e ai ki te momo taonga. Tērā pea ka wātea ētahi taonga whai mana ki te kore taake.
- Ki te wātea, ka tukuna ngā ipu hei kohi mai.
- Mena e hiahiatia ana he tirotiro, tera pea ka pā mai he whakaroa me ētahi atu utu.
Hipanga 6: Te kawe ki te ūnga whakamutunga
- Ka nekehia ngā ipu mā te taraka, mā te rēriwe rānei mai i te tauranga ki tō whare putunga, ka taea rānei e koe te whakarite taraka hei kohi i ngā taonga i te tauranga.
- Ka whakahokia ngā ipu kau ki ngā wāhi putunga kua tohua.
Tātaritanga o te Whai Huatanga o te Whakawātea Tikanga o te Tauranga o Ahitereiria
Te Tauranga o Melbourne:
Ngā Painga:Hei tauranga ipu nui rawa atu, pukumahi rawa atu hoki o Ahitereiria, e whakahaere ana i te 38% o ngā waka ipu o te motu, e whakamanamana ana ki tētahi whatunga whānui o ngā huarahi kaipuke me ngā hanganga tauranga kua tino whanakehia. Ehara i te mea he tauranga motuhake mō ngā momo utanga rerekē anake, engari e whakamahi ana hoki i tētahi pūnaha mahi tahi matatau mō te whakakorenga tikanga, me ngā tīma whakakorenga tikanga ngaio ā-rohe, hei whakahaere pai i te whānuitanga o ngā taonga, tae atu ki ngā mīhini, ngā wāhanga motuka, me ngā rauemi hanga, ā, koinei te tauranga pai mō te whakakorenga utanga ahumahi.
Ngā ngoikoretanga:Te korenga o ngā kaimahi i ētahi wā, te whakaroa rānei nā te huarere.
Pai rawa atu mō:Utauta whānui, kawemai whakanao, tohatoha ki te tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Ahitereiria.
Te Tauranga o Poihākena (Te Tauranga o ngā Botanika):
Ngā Painga:Hei tauranga nui mō ngā wai hohonu o te taiao, me te tauranga matua mō te nui o ngā utanga i Ahitereiria, ko ngā painga o te tukunga taake kei roto i te taumata teitei o te mamati me ngā hongere tukunga kanorau. E hono ana te tauranga ki te pūnaha tukunga mua a te Tari Taake o Ahitereiria, e āhei ai te tuku raraunga utanga 72 hāora i mua i te pūnaha ICS, e whakaiti ana i te wā tatari o te taunga mā te 60%. Mō ngā taonga whaiaro he ≤ AUD 1000 te uara, kei te wātea he tukanga tukunga māmā ake, me te tukatuka ka oti i roto i te toharite o te 1 ki te 3 ngā rā pakihi. Whai muri i te whakapuakitanga, ka whakaaetia ngā utanga noa i roto i te whakaaetanga hiko me ngā tirotiro matapōkere, ā, ko te tikanga ka oti te tukunga i roto i te 3 ki te 7 ngā rā mahi. E 85% o ngā utanga noa ka tukuna i roto i te 5 ngā rā mahi, hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia tukunga tere o ngā taonga hokohoko ipurangi pēnei i ngā taonga kaihoko me ngā tāonga whare.
Ngā ngoikoretanga:Ka pāngia pea e te kikī o te waka, inā koa i ngā wā tino pukumahi.
Pai rawa atu mō:Te nui o ngā kawemai, ngā taonga kaihoko, me ngā mekameka tuku kikī.
Te Tauranga o Brisbane:
Ngā Painga:Hei tauranga ipu nui rawa atu o Kuīnirani, e 29 ngā taunga mahi e whakamanamana ana ki tēnei tauranga, he pai te uta me te tango i ngā utanga. He tauranga motuhake anō hoki ōna mō ngā momo utanga, tae atu ki ngā utanga papatipu me ngā utanga hurihuri/whakaeke (Ro-Ro), e taea ai te whakahaere i te whakakore me te whakawhiti i ngā taonga pēnei i ngā taputapu whare, ngā rauemi hanga, me ngā taputapu taputapu. He pai tana tukanga whakakore mō ngā hiahia kawe utanga papatipu me ngā utanga whānui, me ngā wā whakakorenga whānui pumau me te iti o ngā mahi roa, e pai ai mō ngā taonga e haere ana ki Kuīnirani me ngā rohe huri noa.
Ngā ngoikoretanga:He iti ake te kaha, he iti ake pea ngā raina tuku tika.
Pai rawa atu mō:Ngā kaihoko kawemai i Kuīnirani me te raki o NSW.
Te Tauranga o Fremantle (Perth):
Ngā Painga:He tere te whakawātea i ngā taonga kāore i te herea, he iti ake te noho puku, he pai hoki mō ngā utanga e haere ana ki WA.
Ngā ngoikoretanga:He roa ake te wā whakawhiti mai i Haina, he iti ake ngā haerenga kaipuke ia wiki.
Pai rawa atu mō:Ngā taputapu keri, ngā kawemai ahuwhenua, ngā pakihi e arotahi ana ki WA.
Adelaide me ētahi atu
Tērā pea ka puhoi ake te whakawātea i ngā tauranga iti ake nā te iti ake o ngā kaimahi me ngā pūnaha whakauru.
Ka taea te whakamahi pai mō ngā utanga motuhake, iti te mōrearea mā te whakamahi i ngā tuhinga kua whakaritea i mua.
Ngā Tohutohu hei Tere ake i te Whakawātea Taake i Ngā Tauranga Katoa
1. Te Tika o te Tuhinga: Me whakarite kia tino ōrite ngā tuhinga katoa.
2. Whakamahia ngā Kaihokohoko Tikanga Whai Raihana: E mārama ana rātou ki ngā ture o Ahitereiria, ā, ka taea e rātou te tuku tuhinga i mua i te wā.
3. Kia tutuki i ngā Ture Haumarutanga Koiora: Kia tika te whakahaere i te rakau, te takai, me ngā rauemi rauropi.
4. Whakaaetia i mua: Tukuna ngā tuhinga i te wā e taea ai mā te pūnaha ICS (Ratonga Tikanga Motuhake).
5. Te Whakarite i Mua: Ki te taea, whakaritea ngā taonga i mua i te wā e piki haere ana ngā kaipuke, ā, kōrero ki ngā kamupene tuku utanga, me te tuhi wāhi i mua i te wā.
Neke atu i te 10 tau te wheako o Senghor Logistics i roto i ngā mahi kawe waka o te ao, ā, ko te huarahi tuku kaipuke mai i Haina ki Ahitereiria tētahi o ā mātou huarahi ratonga matua. Nā te maha o ngā tau o te wheako, kua kohia hoki e mātou he maha o ngā kaihoko pono.Ngā kiritaki o Ahitereiriakua mahi tahi mai ki a mātou mai anō. Ka whakaratohia e mātou ngā ratonga utanga moana mai i ngā tauranga nui o Haina ki Ahitereiria, tae atu ki te whakawātea i ngā tikanga tuku me te tuku mai i te tatau ki te tatau, kia pai ai te tukanga kawe me te utu iti.
Ki te hiahia koe ki te mōhio me pēhea mātou e āwhina ai i a koe me ō hiahia kawe mai, tēnā koawhakapā maii tēnei rā.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-19-2025
