Ibande ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga bw'ikirere cyo mu nyanja kuva ku nzu kugera ku nzu 
EXW Shenzhen, Ubushinwa, yohereza imizigo mpuzamahanga yo mu mazi i Los Angeles, muri Amerika na Senghor Logistics
EXW Shenzhen, Ubushinwa, yohereza imizigo mpuzamahanga yo mu mazi i Los Angeles, muri Amerika na Senghor Logistics
Mu gutumiza ibicuruzwa bivuye mu mahanga, rimwe mu magambo akoreshwa cyane mu gutwara ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga ni EXW, cyangwa Ex Works. Iri jambo ni ingenzi cyane ku bigo bishaka kohereza ibicuruzwa bivuye mu Bushinwa. Nk'umucuruzi w'umwuga wo gutwara ibicuruzwa, twagiye dutwara ibicuruzwa byinshi bivuye mu Bushinwa, kandi twibanda ku gutwara inzira zigoye ziva mu Bushinwa zijyaLeta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kugira ngo abakiriya bacu babone serivisi nziza ijyanye n'ibyo bakeneye.
Ihendutse kandi yizewe
Kohereza ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bijya muri Amerika
EXW isobanura iki mu bijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa?
EXW, cyangwa Ex Works, ni ijambo ry’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga rikoreshwa mu gusobanura inshingano z’abaguzi n’abagurisha mu gutwara ibintu mpuzamahanga. Dukurikije amagambo ya EXW, umugurisha (aha, uruganda rw’Abashinwa) afite inshingano zo kugeza ibicuruzwa aho biri cyangwa ahandi hantu habigenewe (nk’uruganda, ububiko). Umuguzi afite ibyago byose n’ikiguzi cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa biva aho biri.
EXW Shenzhen ni iki?
Iyo ubonye "EXW Shenzhen," bivuze ko umugurisha (wohereza ibicuruzwa) arimo kukugezaho ibicuruzwa (umuguzi) aho aherereye i Shenzhen, mu Bushinwa.
Iherereye mu karere ka Delta y'uruzi rwa Pearl River mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa, Shenzhen ni imwe mu mahoteli y'ubwato ahuze cyane ku isi kandi afite gahunda zikomeye zo mu rwego rw'ingenzi. Ifite aho ubwato bugera, harimoIcyambu cya Yantian, icyambu cya Shekou n'icyambu cya Dachan Bay, n'ibindi., kandi ni inzira y'ingenzi y'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga buhuza Ubushinwa n'amasoko mpuzamahanga. By'umwihariko, icyambu cya Yantian kizwiho ibikorwa remezo byacyo bigezweho n'aho ubwato buherereye mu mazi maremare, bishobora guhangana neza n'urujya n'uruza rw'amakontenari menshi kandi umusaruro wacyo ukomeje kuza mu bya mbere ku isi. (Kandakumenya ibyerekeye icyambu cya Yantian.)
Shenzhen ifite uruhare runini mu gushyigikira inganda nk'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, inganda n'ikoranabuhanga, mu gihe kuba hafi ya Hong Kong na byo byongera imikoranire mu by'ikoranabuhanga mu karere. Shenzhen izwiho gukora ikoranabuhanga, inzira zorohereza imisoro ku misoro ya gasutamo ndetse no kurengera ibidukikije, ibyo bikaba byarashimangiye umwanya wayo nk'inkingi ikomeye y'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa ku isi.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya FOB Shenzhen na EXW Shenzhen?
Twabanje gusuzuma ubwikorezi bw'indege hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya FOB (kanda hanoItandukaniro riri hagati ya FOB (Free on Board Shenzhen) na EXW (Ex Works Shenzhen) riri mu nshingano z'umugurisha n'umuguzi mu gihe cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa.
EXW Shenzhen:
Inshingano z'Umugurisha:Abagurisha bagomba gusa kugeza ibicuruzwa aho batuye muri Shenzhen kandi ntibagomba gukemura ibibazo byo kohereza ibicuruzwa cyangwa ibya gasutamo.
Inshingano z'umuguzi:Umuguzi afite inshingano zo gutoragura ibicuruzwa, gutegura uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa, no gucunga inzira zose za gasutamo (kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga no kubitumiza mu mahanga).
FOB Shenzhen:
Inshingano z'umugurisha:Umugurisha afite inshingano zo kugeza ibicuruzwa ku cyambu cya Shenzhen, gucunga amabwiriza yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, no kubipakira mu bwato.
Inshingano z'umuguzi:Iyo ibicuruzwa bimaze gushyirwa mu bwato, umuguzi ni we ufata ibicuruzwa. Umuguzi ni we ushinzwe kohereza ibicuruzwa, ubwishingizi, no gutanga imisoro ku bicuruzwa bitumijwe mu gihugu aho bigeze.
Rero,
EXW bivuze ko ufata ibintu byose iyo ibicuruzwa birangiye aho umugurisha aherereye.
FOB bivuze ko umugurisha afite inshingano zo kugeza ibicuruzwa ku cyambu no kubipakira mu bwato, kandi ibisigaye ni wowe ubyitaho.
Aha, turaganira cyane cyane ku buryo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri EXW Shenzhen i Los Angeles, muri California, muri Amerika, Senghor Logistics itanga serivisi zirambuye kugira ngo ifashe abakiriya gucunga neza ibyo bikorwa.
Serivisi zacu zigengwa n'amabwiriza ya EXW
Muri Senghor Logistics, turasobanukiwe ko kohereza ibicuruzwa bivuye mu Bushinwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bishobora kuba akazi katoroshye, cyane cyane ku batazi ibijyanye n'ibicuruzwa. Dukoresheje ubuhanga bwacu mu bijyanye n'imiyoboro y'ibicuruzwa n'ibicuruzwa, dushobora gutanga serivisi zitandukanye zigamije koroshya inzira ku bakiriya bacu. Dore uko twagufasha:
1. Gutwara no gupakurura imizigo
Turumva ko guhuza uburyo bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa bivuye mu batanga ibicuruzwa bo mu Bushinwa bishobora kugorana. Itsinda ryacu rifite uburambe mu gutegura uburyo bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa, kugenzura ko ibicuruzwa byanyu bigezwa mu bubiko bwacu kugira ngo bipakururwe cyangwa bikoherezwa ku kibuga cy’indege vuba kandi neza.
2. Gupakira no gushyira ibirango ku bicuruzwa
Gupakira neza no gushyira ibirango ni ngombwa kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byawe bigere neza. Impuguke zacu mu bijyanye n'ibicuruzwa zimenyereye ubwoko bwose bw'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo zirebe ko ibicuruzwa byawe biri mu mutekano kandi bikurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga yo kohereza. Dutanga kandi serivisi zo gushyira ibirango kugira ngo tumenye neza ko ibicuruzwa byawe bimenyekana mu buryo bworoshye mu gihe cyose cyo kohereza.
3. Serivisi yo kubika ibintu mu bubiko
Hari igihe ushobora gukenera kubika ibicuruzwa byawe by'agateganyo mbere yuko byoherezwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Senghor Logistics itanga serivisi zo kubika ibicuruzwa byawe kugira ngo iguhe ahantu heza ho kubika ibicuruzwa byawe. Ibigega byacu bifite ibikoresho byose byo gucunga ubwoko bwose bw'imizigo no kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byawe biri mu mimerere myiza. (Kanda kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku bubiko bwacu.)
4. Igenzura ry'imizigo
Mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa byawe, banza ugenzure ibicuruzwa byawe n'umutanga ibicuruzwa wawe cyangwa itsinda rishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge kugira ngo urebe ko byujuje ibisabwa mu buziranenge. Itsinda ryacu rinatanga serivisi yo kugenzura imizigo kugira ngo hamenyekane ibibazo bishobora kubaho. Iyi ntambwe ni ingenzi kugira ngo wirinde gutinda no kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byawe byujuje ibisabwa.
5. Gupakira
Gupakira imizigo yawe mu modoka itwara imizigo bisaba kwitonda kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika. Itsinda ryacu ry’inararibonye ryahuguwe ku buryo bwihariye bwo gupakira imizigo kugira ngo imizigo yawe ipakire neza kandi neza. Muri iki cyiciro cy’ingenzi cy’urugendo rwo kohereza imizigo, dufata ingamba zose zo kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw’imizigo.
6. Serivisi yo kugabanya imisoro kuri gasutamo
Itsinda rya Senghor Logistics rizi neza inzira yo gusohora ibicuruzwa kuri gasutamo, rigenzura ko ibicuruzwa byawe bisohoka kuri gasutamo vuba kandi neza. Dufata inyandiko zose zikenewe kandi dukorana bya hafi n'inzego zishinzwe gasutamo kugira ngo inzira yo gusohora ibicuruzwa kuri gasutamo igende neza.
7. Ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu n'ibintu
Iyo imizigo yawe imaze kuba myiza ngo yoherezwe, tuzacunga inzira yo kohereza imizigo kuva itangiye kugeza irangiye. Waba urimo kohereza imizigo uturutse mu Bushinwa ugana muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu mazi, cyangwa ukoresheje ubundi buryo bwo kohereza imizigo, tuzagutegurira inzira nziza yo guhaza ibyo ukeneye n'ibyo witeze. Urusobe rwacu runini rwo kohereza imizigo rutuma dutanga ibiciro byiza kandi dutanga serivisi zizewe.
Kuki wahitamo Senghor Logistics?
Mu gihe cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bijya muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, cyane cyane ku cyambu kinini nka Los Angeles, guhitamo umufatanyabikorwa ukwiye mu bijyanye n'ibikoresho ni ingenzi cyane. Dore impamvu zimwe na zimwe zituma Senghor Logistics igaragara:
Ubuhanga:
Itsinda ryacu rifite uburambe bwinshi mu gutwara ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga kandi rizi inzira zigoye ziva mu Bushinwa zijya muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Mu Bushinwa, dushobora kohereza ibicuruzwa bivuye ku cyambu icyo ari cyo cyose, harimo Shenzhen, Shanghai, Qingdao, Xiamen, nibindi; dufite abakozi babigenewe muri leta 50 zose muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kugira ngo badufashe mu bijyanye no kuduha ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo no kubituzanira. Waba uri i Los Angeles, umujyi uri ku nkombe z'inyanja muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, cyangwa Salt Lake City, umujyi uri imbere muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, dushobora kuguha ibyo ukeneye.
Ibisubizo byakozwe ku giti cyabyo:
Dukorana bya hafi n'abakiriya bacu kugira ngo duteze imbere ibisubizo byihariye byo kohereza ibicuruzwa bihuye n'ibyo bakeneye byihariye. Iki ni cyo kintu cyihariye cya serivisi yacu. Huza inzira ikwiye n'uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hashingiwe ku makuru y'imizigo n'ibisabwa ku gihe bitangwa na buri mukiriya.
Kwizerwa:
Bishobora kugorana gato gukorana ku nshuro ya mbere, ariko dufite abashinzwe umwuga n'abakiriya bahagije. Senghor Logistics ni umunyamuryango wa WCA na NVOCC. Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni isoko rikomeye rya Senghor Logistics, rifite inyandiko z'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa buri cyumweru, kandi abakiriya nabo bemera cyane isuzuma ryacu. Dushobora kuguha ubufatanye bwacu kugira ngo tubafashe, kandi abakiriya nabo batwizera ko tuzakoresha ibicuruzwa byabo mu buryo bw'umwuga kandi bunonosoye.
Serivisi yuzuye:
Kuva ku ifatwa ry'imodoka kugezainzu ku yindiGutanga ibicuruzwa, dutanga serivisi zitandukanye kugira ngo tworohereze inzira yo kohereza ibicuruzwa ku bakiriya bacu.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Q: Bitwara igihe kingana iki kohereza ibicuruzwa biva i Shenzhen, mu Bushinwa kugera i Los Angeles, muri Amerika?
A:Ubusanzwe imizigo yo mu mazi imara igihe kirekire kurutagutwara ibintu mu kirere, hafiIminsi 15 kugeza kuri 30, bitewe n'umurongo w'ubwikorezi, inzira, n'ibindi byose bishobora gutinda.
Ku bijyanye n'igihe cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mazi, ushobora kureba inzira iherutse yo kohereza ibicuruzwa yateguwe na Senghor Logistics kuva Shenzhen kugera Long Beach (Los Angeles). Igihe cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa kuva Shenzhen kugera ku nkombe y'iburengerazuba bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni iminsi iri hagati ya 15 na 20.
Ariko bikwiye kumenyekana ko amato ataziguye agera vuba kurusha andi mato agomba guhamagara ku bindi byambu; hamwe no kugabanya politiki y’imisoro n’ubusabe bukomeye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ubucucike bw’ibyambu bushobora kubaho mu gihe kizaza, kandi igihe nyacyo cyo kuhagera gishobora kuba nyuma.
Q: Kohereza ibicuruzwa biva i Shenzhen, mu Bushinwa bijya i Los Angeles, muri Amerika bigura angahe?
A: Kugeza uyu munsi, amasosiyete menshi yo gutwara indege yatangaje ko ibiciro ku nzira zo muri Amerika byazamutseho kugeza ku madolari 3,000.Ubusabe bukomeye bwatumye igihembwe cy’ubwikorezi gitangira kuzamuka, kandi gutinda cyane byazamuye ibiciro by’ubwikorezi; amasosiyete y’ubwikorezi nayo agomba guhindura ubushobozi yari yarahawe n’umurongo wa Amerika kugira ngo yishyure igihombo cyabayeho mbere, bityo hazishyuzwa amafaranga y’inyongera.
Igiciro cy’imizigo mu gice cya kabiri cya Gicurasi kiri hagati y’amadolari ya Amerika 2,500 na 3,500 (igipimo cy’imizigo gusa, hatarimo n’imisoro y’inyongera) hakurikijwe ibiciro by’ibigo bitandukanye by’ubwikorezi.
Menya byinshi:
Nyuma yo kugabanya imisoro hagati y’Ubushinwa na Amerika, byagenze bite ku biciro by’imizigo?
Q: Ni ibihe bisabwa kuri gasutamo kugira ngo ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bijye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika?
A:Inyemezabuguzi y'ubucuruzi: Inyemezabuguzi irambuye irimo agaciro, ibisobanuro n'ingano y'ibicuruzwa.
Inyandiko y'ubwikorezi: Inyandiko itangwa n'umukozi utwara ibintu ikoreshwa nk'inyemezabwishyu yo kohereza.
Uruhushya rwo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu: Ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bishobora gusaba uruhushya cyangwa uruhushya runaka.
Amasoko n'Imisoro: Mwitegure kwishyura imisoro n'amahoro bireba mu gihe muhageze.
Senghor Logistics irashobora kugufasha mu bijyanye no kwishyura ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo muri Amerika.
Q: Ni gute wakurikirana ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bijya muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika?
A:Ubusanzwe ushobora gukurikirana ibyo watumije ukoresheje:
Nimero yo gukurikirana: Itangwa n'ikigo gishinzwe gutwara imizigo, ushobora kwandika iyi nimero ku rubuga rwa interineti rw'ikigo gishinzwe gutwara imizigo kugira ngo urebe uko ibicuruzwa byawe bihagaze.
Porogaramu zigendanwa: Ibigo byinshi byo kohereza ibicuruzwa bifite porogaramu zigendanwa zigufasha gukurikirana ibyo watumije mu gihe nyacyo.
Serivisi ku bakiliya: Niba ufite ikibazo cyo gukurikirana ibyo watumije kuri interineti, ushobora kuvugana n'ikigo gishinzwe kohereza imizigo kugira ngo gigufashe.
Senghor Logistics ifite itsinda ryihariye rishinzwe abakiriya kugira ngo rikurikirane kandi ricunge aho ibicuruzwa byawe biherereye n'aho biherereye no gutanga ibitekerezo ku buryo butunguranye. Ntabwo ari ngombwa ko ureba urubuga rw'ikigo gishinzwe gutwara ibicuruzwa, abakozi bacu bazakurikirana ubwabo.
Q: Nabona nte ibiciro byo kohereza ibicuruzwa bivuye i Shenzhen, mu Bushinwa bijya i Los Angeles, muri Amerika?
A:Kugira ngo igiciro cyawe kirusheho kuba cyiza, turagusaba kuduha amakuru akurikira:
1. Izina ry'igicuruzwa
2. Ingano y'imizigo (uburebure, ubugari n'uburebure)
3. Uburemere bw'imizigo
4. Aderesi y'umutanga serivisi wawe
5. Aderesi ujyamo cyangwa aderesi ya nyuma yo kohereza (niba ukeneye serivisi yo kugera ku nzu)
6. Itariki yo kwitegura imizigo
7. Niba ibicuruzwa birimo amashanyarazi, rukuruzi, amazi, ifu, nibindi, turagusaba kubitumenyesha.
Kohereza ibicuruzwa bivuye mu Bushinwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ku masezerano ya EXW bishobora kuba inzira igoye, ariko hamwe n'umufatanyabikorwa ukwiye w'ibicuruzwa, byose bizoroha. Senghor Logistics yiyemeje kuguha ubufasha n'ubuhanga ukeneye kugira ngo uhangane n'ibibazo by'ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga. Waba ushaka gutumiza ibicuruzwa bivuye mu Bushinwa cyangwa ukeneye kubigeza iwawe, turagufasha.
Hamagara Senghor Logisticsuyu munsi kandi reka twite ku bibazo byawe byo kohereza ibicuruzwa kugira ngo ubashe kwibanda ku byo ukora neza - guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwawe.
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