Iyo gutumiza ibicuruzwa hanze, rimwe mumagambo akunze gukoreshwa mubitwara mpuzamahanga ni EXW, cyangwa Ex Work. Iri jambo ni ingenzi cyane ku masosiyete ashaka kohereza mu Bushinwa. Nkumuhanga wogutwara ibicuruzwa byumwuga, twagiye dukora ibicuruzwa byinshi biva mubushinwa, kandi tuzobereye mugutunganya inzira zigoye ziva mubushinwa zerekezaAmerika, kwemeza abakiriya bacu kwakira serivise nziza ijyanye nibyo bakeneye.
Birashoboka kandi byizewe
Kohereza mu Bushinwa muri Amerika
EXW, cyangwa Ex Work, ni ijambo mpuzamahanga ryubucuruzi rikoreshwa mugusobanura inshingano zabaguzi n’abagurisha mu bwikorezi mpuzamahanga. Mu magambo ya EXW, ugurisha (hano, uruganda rukora Ubushinwa) ashinzwe kugeza ibicuruzwa aho biherereye cyangwa ahandi byagenwe (nk'uruganda, ububiko). Umuguzi afite ingaruka zose nigiciro cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa aho hantu.
Iyo ubonye "EXW Shenzhen," bivuze ko umugurisha (wohereza ibicuruzwa hanze) akugezaho ibicuruzwa (umuguzi) aho biherereye i Shenzhen, mubushinwa.
Shenzhen iherereye mu gace ka Pearl River Delta mu majyepfo y’Ubushinwa, ni kamwe mu duce twinshi two ku isi kandi dufite ingamba zo mu nyanja. Ifite amaherere menshi, harimoIcyambu cya Yantian, Icyambu cya Shekou na Dachan Bay Port, n'ibindi., kandi ni irembo ryingenzi mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga buhuza Ubushinwa namasoko yisi. By'umwihariko, icyambu cya Yantian kizwiho ibikorwa remezo byateye imbere ndetse n’ahantu h’amazi maremare, hashobora gukoreshwa neza urujya n'uruza runini rwa kontineri kandi ibicuruzwa byinjira bikomeza kuza ku isonga ku isi. (Kandakwiga ibyambu bya Yantian.)
Shenzhen ifite uruhare runini mu gushyigikira inganda nka elegitoroniki, inganda n’ikoranabuhanga, mu gihe kuba hafi y’akarere ka Hong Kong na byo byongera imikoreshereze y’ibikoresho byo mu karere. Shenzhen izwiho kwikora, gutunganya inzira za gasutamo hamwe n’ibikorwa byo kurengera ibidukikije, byashimangiye umwanya wacyo nk’ifatizo ry’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa ku isi.
Twabanje gukora ubushakashatsi kubyohereza mumagambo ya FOB (kanda hano). Itandukaniro riri hagati ya FOB (Ubuntu kuri Board Shenzhen) na EXW (Ex Work Shenzhen) iri mu nshingano z’umugurisha n’umuguzi mugihe cyo kohereza.
EXW Shenzhen:
Inshingano z'umugurisha:Abacuruzi bakeneye gusa kugeza ibicuruzwa aho biherereye i Shenzhen kandi ntibakeneye gukemura ibibazo byose byoherezwa cyangwa gasutamo.
Inshingano z'umuguzi:Umuguzi ashinzwe gufata ibicuruzwa, gutunganya ibicuruzwa, no gucunga inzira zose za gasutamo (kohereza no gutumiza mu mahanga).
FOB Shenzhen:
Inshingano z'umugurisha:Umugurisha ashinzwe kugeza ibicuruzwa ku cyambu cya Shenzhen, gukora ibicuruzwa byemewe byoherezwa mu mahanga, no gupakira ibicuruzwa mu ndege.
Inshingano z'umuguzi:Ibicuruzwa bimaze gupakirwa mu bwato, umuguzi afata ibicuruzwa. Umuguzi ashinzwe kohereza ibicuruzwa, ubwishingizi, no gutumiza gasutamo ku bicuruzwa.
Noneho,
EXW bivuze ko ukora ibintu byose iyo ibicuruzwa byiteguye aho ugurisha.
FOB bivuze ko ugurisha ashinzwe kugeza ibicuruzwa ku cyambu no kubipakira mu bwato, kandi ukita kubisigaye.
Hano, turaganira cyane cyane kuri EXW Shenzhen i Los Angeles, muri Amerika uburyo bwo kohereza, Senghor Logistics itanga serivisi zuzuye zifasha abakiriya gucunga neza iyi mirimo neza.
Muri Senghor Logistics, twumva ko kohereza ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa muri Amerika bishobora kuba umurimo utoroshye, cyane cyane kubatamenyereye ibikoresho birimo. Hamwe n'ubuhanga bwacu muburyo bwo kohereza no gutanga ibikoresho, turashoboye gutanga serivisi zitandukanye zagenewe koroshya inzira kubakiriya bacu. Dore uko dushobora gufasha:
1. Tora no gupakurura imizigo
Twumva ko guhuza ibicuruzwa biva mubushinwa bishobora kugorana. Itsinda ryacu rifite uburambe mugutegura ipikipiki, kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byawe bigezwa mububiko bwacu kugirango bipakurure cyangwa byoherejwe kuri terminal vuba kandi neza.
2. Gupakira no kuranga
Gupakira neza hamwe na labels nibyingenzi kugirango ibyoherejwe bigere neza. Inzobere mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho zizi neza ubwoko bwose bwo gupakira kugirango tumenye neza ko ibyoherejwe bifite umutekano kandi bifite umutekano kandi byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga. Turatanga kandi serivisi zerekana ibimenyetso kugirango ibicuruzwa byawe bigaragare byoroshye mugihe cyo kohereza.
3. Serivisi yo kubika ububiko
Rimwe na rimwe, ushobora gukenera kubika by'agateganyo ibicuruzwa byawe mbere yo koherezwa muri Amerika. Senghor Logistics itanga serivisi zububiko kugirango itange ahantu hizewe kandi hizewe kubicuruzwa byawe. Ububiko bwacu bufite ibikoresho byuzuye kugirango bikore ubwoko bwose bwimizigo kandi tumenye neza ko ibicuruzwa byawe bimeze neza. (Kanda kugirango umenye byinshi kubyerekeye ububiko bwacu.)
4. Kugenzura imizigo
Mbere yo kohereza, saba ibicuruzwa byawe kugenzurwa nuwaguhaye isoko cyangwa itsinda ryanyu rishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge kugirango barebe ko byujuje ubuziranenge. Itsinda ryacu kandi ritanga serivisi yo kugenzura imizigo kugirango tumenye ibibazo byose bishoboka. Iyi ntambwe ningirakamaro kugirango wirinde gutinda no kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byawe byujuje ibisabwa.
5. Kuremera
Gutwara imizigo yawe ku modoka itwara abantu bisaba kwitonda kugirango wirinde kwangirika. Itsinda ryacu ry'inararibonye ryahuguwe muburyo bwihariye bwo gupakira kugirango imizigo yawe yikorewe neza kandi neza. Muri iki cyiciro gikomeye cyibikorwa byo kohereza, dufata ingamba zose kugirango tugabanye ingaruka zo kwangiriza imizigo.
6. Serivisi ishinzwe gukuraho gasutamo
Itsinda rya Senghor Logistics rizi neza inzira yo gutumiza gasutamo, ryemeza ko ibicuruzwa byawe bisiba gasutamo vuba kandi neza. Dukora ibyangombwa byose bikenewe kandi dukorana cyane nubuyobozi bwa gasutamo kugirango inzira ya gasutamo igende neza.
7. Ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu
Imizigo yawe imaze kwitegura koherezwa, tuzayobora uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa kuva tangira kugeza birangiye. Waba wohereza mu Bushinwa muri Amerika ukoresheje inyanja, cyangwa ukoresheje ubundi buryo bwo kohereza, tuzategura inzira nziza kuri wewe kugirango uhuze ibyo ukeneye n'ibiteganijwe. Umuyoboro mugari wo kohereza udushoboza gutanga ibiciro byapiganwa hamwe na serivisi zizewe.
Iyo koherezwa mu Bushinwa muri Amerika, cyane cyane ku cyambu kinini nka Los Angeles, guhitamo umufasha mwiza w’ibikoresho ni ngombwa. Dore impamvu nke zituma Senghor Logistics igaragara:
Ubuhanga:
Ikipe yacu ifite uburambe bunini mu kohereza mpuzamahanga kandi imenyereye inzira zigoye ziva mubushinwa zerekeza muri Amerika. Mu Bushinwa, dushobora kohereza ku cyambu icyo ari cyo cyose, harimo Shenzhen, Shanghai, Qingdao, Xiamen, n'ibindi.; dufite abakozi ba mbere muri leta zose uko ari 50 muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika kugirango bakemure ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo no kubitugezaho. Waba uri i Los Angeles, umujyi uri ku nkombe za Amerika, cyangwa Salt Lake City, umujyi w'imbere muri Amerika, turashobora kubagezaho.
Igisubizo cyakozwe nubudozi:
Dukorana cyane nabakiriya bacu kugirango dutezimbere ibicuruzwa byoherejwe byujuje ibyifuzo byabo. Nibintu byihariye biranga serivisi zacu. Huza inzira ikwiye hamwe nigisubizo cyoherejwe ukurikije amakuru yimizigo nibisabwa mugihe gitangwa na buri mukiriya.
Kwizerwa:
Birashobora kuba bigoye gato gufatanya kunshuro yambere, ariko dufite ibyemezo bihagije byumwuga nabakiriya. Senghor Logistics ni umunyamuryango wa WCA na NVOCC. Reta zunzubumwe zamerika nisoko nyamukuru rya Senghor Logistics, hamwe nibyanditswe byoherezwa buri cyumweru, kandi abakiriya nabo baremera cyane isuzuma ryacu. Turashobora kuguha ibibazo byubufatanye kugirango tuyikoreshe, kandi abakiriya nabo batwizeye ko dukemura ibicuruzwa byabo muburyo bwumwuga kandi bwitondewe.
Serivisi yuzuye:
Kuva kuri pikipiki kugezainzu ku nzugutanga, dutanga serivisi zuzuye kugirango tworohereze inzira yo kohereza kubakiriya bacu.
Ikibazo: Bifata igihe kingana iki kohereza i Shenzhen muri Los Angeles?
A:Ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja busanzwe bufata igihe kirenzeubwikorezi bwo mu kirere, hafiIminsi 15 kugeza 30, ukurikije umurongo wo kohereza, inzira, nibishobora gutinda.
Mugihe cyo kohereza, urashobora kwifashisha inzira iheruka yo kohereza imizigo yoherejwe na Senghor Logistics kuva Shenzhen yerekeza Long Beach (Los Angeles). Igihe cyo kohereza muri Shenzhen kugera mu burengerazuba bwa Amerika ni iminsi 15 kugeza kuri 20.
Ariko twakagombye kumenya ko amato ataziguye agera vuba kurusha andi mato akeneye guhamagara ku bindi byambu; hamwe no kuruhuka kwa politiki y’ibiciro hamwe n’ibisabwa cyane muri Amerika, ubwinshi bw’ibyambu bushobora kubaho mu gihe kiri imbere, kandi igihe cyo kuhagera gishobora kuba nyuma.
Ikibazo: Kohereza ibicuruzwa biva i Shenzhen, mu Bushinwa bijya i Los Angeles, muri Amerika?
Igisubizo: Kuva uyu munsi, amasosiyete menshi yohereza ibicuruzwa yamenyesheje ko ibiciro ku nzira z’Amerika byazamutse kugera ku $ 3000.Icyifuzo gikomeye cyatumye igihe cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa kigera hakiri kare, kandi ibitabo byandikirwa hejuru byazamuye ibiciro by’imizigo; amasosiyete atwara ibicuruzwa nayo agomba guhindura ubushobozi bwatanzwe mbere kumurongo wa Amerika kugirango yishyure igihombo cyabanje, bityo amafaranga yinyongera azishyurwa.
Igipimo cy’imizigo mu gice cya kabiri Gicurasi ni hafi US $ 2,500 kugeza US $ 3.500 (igipimo cy’imizigo gusa, utabariyemo n’inyongera) nk'uko byavuzwe n’amasosiyete atandukanye yohereza ibicuruzwa.
Wige byinshi:
Nyuma yo kugabanuka kw'amahoro y'Ubushinwa na Amerika, byagenze bite ku biciro by'imizigo?
Ikibazo: Ni ibihe bisabwa bya gasutamo mu kohereza ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa muri Amerika?
A:Inyemezabuguzi yubucuruzi: Inyemezabuguzi irambuye ikubiyemo agaciro, ibisobanuro nubunini bwibicuruzwa.
Inyemezabuguzi: Inyandiko yatanzwe nuwitwaye ikora nk'inyemezabwishyu yoherejwe.
Uruhushya rwo gutumiza mu mahanga: Ibicuruzwa bimwe bishobora gusaba uruhushya cyangwa uruhushya rwihariye.
Inshingano n'imisoro: Nyamuneka witegure kwishyura imisoro iyo ari yo yose n'imisoro iyo uhageze.
Senghor Logistics irashobora kugufasha mugutanga gasutamo muri Amerika.
Ikibazo: Nigute ushobora gukurikirana ibicuruzwa biva mubushinwa bijya muri Amerika?
A:Urashobora gukurikirana ibyo wohereje ukoresheje:
Inomero yo gukurikirana: Itangwa nuhereza ibicuruzwa, urashobora kwinjiza iyi numero kurubuga rwisosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa kugirango urebe aho ibyoherejwe bihagaze.
Porogaramu zigendanwa: Ibigo byinshi byohereza ibicuruzwa bifite porogaramu zigendanwa zigufasha gukurikirana ibicuruzwa byawe mugihe nyacyo.
Serivise y'abakiriya: Niba ufite ikibazo cyo gukurikirana ibyo wohereje kumurongo, urashobora guhamagara serivise zabatwara ibicuruzwa kugirango bagufashe.
Senghor Logistics ifite itsinda ryabakiriya ryabigenewe kugirango bakurikirane kandi bayobore aho ibicuruzwa byawe biherereye kandi batange ibitekerezo-nyabyo. Ntugomba guhanga amaso kurubuga rwisosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa, abakozi bacu bazabikurikirana bonyine.
Ikibazo: Nabona nte amagambo yo kohereza i Shenzhen, mu Bushinwa kugera i Los Angeles, muri Amerika?
A:Kugirango urusheho kuvuga neza, nyamuneka uduhe amakuru akurikira:
1. Izina ryibicuruzwa
2. Ingano yimizigo (uburebure, ubugari n'uburebure)
3. Uburemere bw'imizigo
4. Aderesi yawe
5. Aderesi yawe cyangwa aderesi ya nyuma (niba serivisi ku nzu n'inzu isabwa)
6. Imizigo yiteguye
7. Niba ibicuruzwa birimo amashanyarazi, magnetisme, amazi, ifu, nibindi, nyamuneka tubitubwire.
Kohereza mu Bushinwa muri Amerika ku magambo ya EXW birashobora kuba inzira igoye, ariko hamwe n’umufatanyabikorwa mwiza w’ibikoresho, ibintu byose bizaba byoroshye. Senghor Logistics yiyemeje kuguha inkunga nubuhanga ukeneye kugirango uhangane n’ibibazo by’ibikoresho mpuzamahanga. Waba ushaka gutumiza mubushinwa cyangwa ukeneye kugeza kumuryango wawe, turashobora kugufasha.
Menyesha ibikoresho bya Senghoruyumunsi kandi reka twite kubibazo byo kohereza kugirango ubashe kwibanda kubyo ukora byiza - kuzamura ubucuruzi bwawe.