MSDS ni iki mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga?
Inyandiko imwe ikunze kugaragara mu bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga—cyane cyane ku binyabutabire, ibikoresho biteza akaga, cyangwa ibicuruzwa bifite ibice bigenzurwa—ni "Urupapuro rw'amakuru yerekeye umutekano w'ibikoresho (MSDS)", izwi kandi nka "Urupapuro rw'amakuru y'umutekano (SDS)". Ku batumiza ibicuruzwa, abatwara imizigo, n'inganda zifitanye isano, gusobanukirwa MSDS ni ingenzi kugira ngo habeho koroshya imisoro kuri gasutamo, gutwara ibintu mu buryo butekanye, no kubahiriza amategeko.
MSDS/SDS ni iki?
"Urupapuro rw'amakuru y'umutekano w'ibikoresho (MSDS)" ni inyandiko isanzwe itanga amakuru arambuye ku miterere, ibyago, uburyo bwo kuyifata, kuyibika, n'ingamba zihutirwa zijyanye n'ibintu cyangwa ibicuruzwa bya shimi, igamije kumenyesha abakoresha ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibinyabutabire no kubayobora mu gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zikwiye zo kwirinda.
MSDS isanzwe igizwe n'ibice 16 bikubiyemo:
1. Kumenya ibicuruzwa
2. Gushyira mu byiciro ibyago
3. Ibikoresho/ibikubiye mu birungo
4. Ingamba z'ubutabazi bw'ibanze
5. Uburyo bwo kuzimya inkongi
6. Ingamba zo kurekura umuntu mu buryo butunguranye
7. Amabwiriza agenga uburyo bwo gucunga no kubika
8. Uburyo bwo kugenzura ihungabana/kwirinda umuntu ku giti cye
9. Imiterere y'umubiri n'imiti
10. Ituze n'uburyo ibintu bihinduka
11. Amakuru yerekeye uburozi
12. Ingaruka ku bidukikije
13. Ibisabwa ku bijyanye no kujugunya umutungo
14. Ibisabwa mu gutwara abantu
15. Amakuru agenga amategeko
16. Amatariki yo kuvugurura
Iyi ni MSDS itangwa n'uruganda rukora amavuta yo kwisiga rukorana na Senghor Logistics.
Inshingano z'ingenzi za MSDS mu bijyanye n'ibijyanye n'itumanaho mpuzamahanga
MSDS ifasha abafatanyabikorwa benshi mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa, kuva ku bakora kugeza ku bakoresha. Hasi ni imirimo yayo y'ingenzi:
1. Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko agenga iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko
Kohereza imiti cyangwa ibintu biteje akaga mu mahanga bigengwa n'amategeko akaze, nka:
- Kode ya IMDG (Kode Mpuzamahanga y'Ibicuruzwa Biteje Akaga mu Nyanja) kuriimizigo yo mu mazi.
- Amabwiriza ya IATA yerekeye ibicuruzwa biteje akaga kuriubwikorezi bw'indege.
- Amasezerano ya ADR ku bwikorezi bw'imihanda mu Burayi.
- Amategeko yihariye ku gihugu (urugero, OSHA Hazard Communication Standard muri Amerika, REACH muri EU).
MSDS itanga amakuru akenewe kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bishyirwe mu byiciro neza, bishyirweho ikirango, kandi bitangazwe ku bayobozi. Iyo hatabayeho MSDS yujuje ibisabwa, ibicuruzwa bishobora gutinda, gucibwa amande, cyangwa kwangwa ku byambu.
2. Umutekano n'Imicungire y'Ingaruka (Ku bw'ubwumvikane rusange gusa)
MSDS yigisha abashinzwe gutwara abantu, abatwara imizigo, n'abayikoresha kuri ibi bikurikira:
- Ibyago by'umubiri: Gutwika, guturika, cyangwa gukora ibishoboka byose.
- Ingaruka ku buzima: Uburozi, kanseri, cyangwa ibyago byo guhumeka.
- Ingaruka ku bidukikije: Kwanduza amazi cyangwa kwanduza ubutaka.
Aya makuru atuma ibintu bipfunyikwa neza, bikabikwa neza, kandi bigafatwa neza mu gihe cyo kubitwara. Urugero, imiti ihumanya ishobora gukenera ibikoresho byabugenewe, mu gihe ibicuruzwa bishobora gushya bishobora gukenera gutwara ibintu bigenzurwa n’ubushyuhe.
3. Kwitegura mu bihe byihutirwa
Mu gihe hamenetse, hamenetse, cyangwa hagaragaye, MSDS itanga amabwiriza y'intambwe ku yindi yo gukumira, gusukura, no gutabara mu buvuzi. Abakozi ba gasutamo cyangwa abakozi bashinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse bishingikiriza kuri iyi nyandiko kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byihuse.
4. Inguzanyo ku misoro
Inzego za gasutamo mu bihugu byinshi zitegeka kohereza MSDS ku bicuruzwa biteje akaga. Iyi nyandiko yemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa mu rwego rw'umutekano mu gace biherereyemo kandi igafasha mu gusuzuma imisoro cyangwa amabwiriza y’ibitumizwa mu mahanga.
Ni gute wabona MSDS?
Ubusanzwe MSDS itangwa n'uruganda cyangwa umucuruzi w'ibicuruzwa cyangwa uruvange. Mu rwego rwo gutwara ibintu, umucuruzi agomba guha umucuruzi MSDS kugira ngo umucuruzi ashobore gusobanukirwa ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibicuruzwa kandi afate ingamba zikwiye.
Ni gute MSDS ikoreshwa mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga?
Ku bafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga, MSDS ishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu byiciro byinshi:
1. Gutegura mbere yo kohereza
- Gushyira mu byiciro ibicuruzwa: MSDS ifasha kumenya niba ibicuruzwa bishyirwa mu byiciro "akaga" hakurikijwe amabwiriza agenga ubwikorezi (urugero, nimero za Loni ku bikoresho biteza akaga).
- Gupakira no Gushyiraho Ibirango: Inyandiko igaragaza ibisabwa nk'ibirango "Byangiza" cyangwa "Birinde Ubushyuhe".
- Inyandiko: Abatanga serivisi zo kohereza ibintu bashyira MSDS mu mpapuro zo kohereza ibintu, nka "Inyemezabwishyu y'imodoka" cyangwa "Inyemezabwishyu y'indege".
Mu bicuruzwa Senghor Logistics ikunze kohereza bivuye mu Bushinwa, ubwoko bumwe bw'ibicuruzwa byo kwisiga cyangwa ubwiza busaba MSDS. Tugomba gusaba umucuruzi w'umukiriya kuduha inyandiko zijyanye nabyo nka MSDS n'icyemezo cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa bya chimique mu mutekano kugira ngo bisuzumwe kugira ngo harebwe ko inyandiko zo gutwara zuzuye kandi zoherejwe neza. (Reba inkuru ya serivisi)
2. Guhitamo umukoresha n'uburyo bwo kumurika
Abatwara abantu bakoresha MSDS kugira ngo bafate icyemezo:
- Niba ibicuruzwa bishobora koherezwa binyuze mu ndege, mu mazi, cyangwa mu butaka.
- Impushya zihariye cyangwa ibisabwa ku binyabiziga (urugero, guhumeka ku myuka ihumanya).
3. Imisoro n'amahoro ku mipaka
Abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bagomba kohereza icyemezo cya MSDS ku bacuruzi ba gasutamo kuri:
- Kwemeza kode z'imisoro (kode za HS).
- Kwemeza ko yubahiriza amategeko y’ibanze (urugero, Itegeko rya Amerika rigenga uburozi bwa EPA).
- Irinde ibihano ku batanze amakuru atari yo.
4. Itumanaho hagati y'abakoresha
Abakiriya bo mu gace k’inkengero z’ubutaka, nk’inganda cyangwa abacuruzi, bishingikiriza kuri MSDS kugira ngo ihugure abakozi, ishyire mu bikorwa amabwiriza y’umutekano, kandi ikurikize amategeko agenga aho bakorera.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga
Gukorana n'abakora mu gutwara imizigo bafite uburambe kandi b'inzobere kugira ngo barebe neza ko inyandiko zihujwe n'umutanga imizigo ari nziza kandi zuzuye.
Nk'umucuruzi w'imizigo, Senghor Logistics ifite uburambe bw'imyaka irenga 10. Buri gihe abakiriya batwishimiye ubuhanga bwacu mu gutwara imizigo mu buryo bwihariye, kandi duherekeza abakiriya mu kohereza imizigo mu buryo bworoshye kandi bufite umutekano. Murakaza neza kuritubwireigihe icyo ari cyo cyose!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-21-2025
