Ukuqonda kunye nokuthelekiswa kwe "umnyango nomnyango", "umnyango nomnyango", "izibuko nomnyango" kunye "nezibuko nomnyango"
Phakathi kweendlela ezininzi zothutho kwishishini lokuthutha impahla, "umnyango nomnyango"," "umnyango ukuya kwelinye izibuko", "izibuko ukuya kwelinye" kunye "nezibuko ukuya kwelinye" zimele uthutho oluneendawo zokuqala nezokuphela ezahlukeneyo. Uhlobo ngalunye lothutho luneempawu zalo ezizodwa, izibonelelo kunye neengxaki. Sijonge ukuchaza nokuthelekisa ezi ndlela zine zothutho ukuze sikuncede wenze isigqibo esinolwazi.
1. Umnyango nomnyango
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla emnyango nomnyango yinkonzo ebanzi apho umthengisi wempahla enoxanduva lwenkqubo yonke yezothutho ukusuka kwindawo yomthumeli ("umnyango") ukuya kwindawo yomthumeli ("umnyango"). Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuthuthwa kwempahla, ukuthutha, ukususwa kwempahla kunye nokuhanjiswa kwayo ukuya kwindawo yokugqibela.
Inzuzo:
Kulula:Umthumeli kunye nomamkeli akufuneki bakhathazeke malunga nothutho; umthengisi wempahla unyamekela yonke into.
Gcina ixesha:Ngonxibelelwano olunye, unxibelelwano lwenziwa lula, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha elichithwa kudityaniswe amaqela amaninzi.
Ukulandelela imithwalo:Iinkampani ezininzi zokuthumela impahla zibonelela ngeenkonzo zokuhlaziya imeko yempahla, nto leyo evumela abanini bempahla ukuba baqonde ukuba iphi imithwalo yabo ngexesha langempela.
Isiphene:
Ixabiso:Ngenxa yeenkonzo ezibanzi ezibonelelwayo, le ndlela inokuba nexabiso eliphezulu kunezinye iindlela.
Ukuguquguquka okulinganiselweyo:Utshintsho kwizicwangciso zokuthumela lunokuba nzima ngakumbi ngenxa yezigaba ezininzi zothutho ezibandakanyekayo.
2. Umnyango oya echwebeni
Ukungena emnyango ukuya kwelinye izibuko kubhekisa ekuthuthweni kweempahla ukusuka kwindawo yomthumeli ukuya kwelinye izibuko elimiselweyo uze uzilayishe enqanaweni ukuze zithuthwe ngamazwe ngamazwe. Umthumeli unoxanduva lokulanda iimpahla kwizibuko lokufika.
Inzuzo:
Isebenza kakuhle emalini:Le ndlela ibiza kancinci kunokuthunyelwa kwindlu ngendlu kuba ayifuni mfuneko yokuthunyelwa kwindawo oya kuyo.
Ulawulo lokuhanjiswa kokugqibela:Umthumeli angalungiselela indlela yokuthutha ekhethwayo ukusuka kwizibuko ukuya kwindawo yokugqibela.
Isiphene:
Ukwanda koxanduva:Umntu ofumana irhafu kufuneka aphathe ukucocwa kwerhafu kunye nokuthuthwa kwayo echwebeni, nto leyo enokuba nzima kwaye ithathe ixesha. Kungcono ukuba nomthengisi werhafu osebenzisanayo ixesha elide.
Ukulibaziseka okunokwenzeka:Ukuba umntu othunyiweyo akakulungelanga ukuthunyelwa kwempahla echwebeni, kunokubakho ukulibaziseka ekufumaneni impahla.
3. Izibuko eliya kwelinye
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka kwelinye izibuko ukuya kwelinye yindlela elula yokuthumela impahla ukusuka kwelinye izibuko ukuya kwelinye. Le fomu idla ngokusetyenziselwa uthutho lwamazwe ngamazwe, apho umthumeli ehambisa impahla ukuya kwelinye izibuko aze umthumeli ayithathe kwizibuko apho iya khona.
Inzuzo:
Elula:Le ndlela ilula kwaye igxile kuphela kwinxalenye yolwandle yohambo.
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngobuninzi kuyabiza kakhulu:Ilungele ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eninzi kuba ngokubanzi inika amaxabiso aphantsi kwimpahla eninzi.
Isiphene:
Iinkonzo eziNcinci:Le ndlela ayibandakanyi naziphi na iinkonzo ezingaphandle kwezibuko, nto leyo ethetha ukuba omabini amaqela kufuneka alawule iindlela zawo zokuthutha nokuhambisa impahla.
Umngcipheko wokulibaziseka kunye neendleko ezingaphezulu:Ukuba izibuko lendawo ekuyiwa kuyo lixinene okanye alikwazi ukulungelelanisa izixhobo zasekuhlaleni, ixabiso elikhawulezileyo linokugqitha isicatshulwa sokuqala, lenze umgibe weendleko ofihlakeleyo.
4. Isango eliya emnyango
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye kubhekisa ekuhanjisweni kweempahla ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye kwindawo yomthengisi. Le ndlela idla ngokusebenza xa umthengisi sele ezisile iimpahla echwebeni kwaye umthengisi wempahla unoxanduva lokuthunyelwa kokugqibela.
Inzuzo:
Ukuguquguquka:Abathumeli banokukhetha indlela yokuhambisa impahla echwebeni, ngelixa umthengisi wempahla ephethe ukuhanjiswa kwempahla kwimayile yokugqibela.
Ixabiso liphantsi kwezinye iimeko:Le ndlela inokuba luncedo ngakumbi kunokuthumela impahla endlini ngendlu, ingakumbi ukuba umthumeli unendlela yakhe yokuthumela impahla ekhethwayo.
Isiphene:
Ingabiza ngaphezulu:Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla nge-port-to-door kunokubiza kakhulu kunezinye iindlela zokuthunyelwa kwempahla, ezifana ne-port-to-port, ngenxa yeenkqubo ezongezelelweyo zokuhambisa impahla ngqo kwindawo yomthumeli. Ingakumbi kwiindidi zeedilesi zabucala ezikude, kuya kubangela iindleko ezingaphezulu, kwaye kunjalo nangokuthuthwa "kwendlu ngendlu".
Ubunzima bezinto ezisetyenziswayo:Ukulungelelanisa isigaba sokugqibela sokuhanjiswa kwempahla kunokuba nzima kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba indawo ekuyiwa kuyo ikude okanye kunzima ukuyifikelela. Oku kunokubangela ukulibaziseka kwaye kwandise amathuba okuba kube nzima ukuthutha impahla. Ukuhambisa impahla kwiidilesi zabucala ngokubanzi kuya kuba neengxaki ezinjalo.
Ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuthutha kwishishini lokuhambisa impahla kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iindleko, ukulula, kunye neemfuno ezithile zomthumeli kunye nomamkeli.
Ukungena emnyango nomnyango kulungele abo bafuna amava angenangxaki, ngakumbi afanele amashishini amancinci naphakathi angenawo amava okucoca amasiko aphesheya kwemida.
Ukusuka emnyango ukuya echwebeni kunye nokungena emnyango kuyalingana phakathi kweendleko kunye nokulula.
I-Port-to-Port ifanelekile ngakumbi kwamanye amashishini asekelwe kwizixhobo, anamaqela asekuhlaleni okususa imithwalo kwaye anokuqhuba uthutho oluya ngaphakathi elizweni.
Ekugqibeleni, ukukhetha indlela yokuthutha oza kuyikhetha kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zokuthumela, umgangatho wenkonzo efunekayo, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhoyo.Izinto zoLungiselelo zaseSenghorinokukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho, kufuneka usixelele ukuba loluphi ucandelo lomsebenzi esifuna ukukunceda ulwenze.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-09-2025
