Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ngaphansi komthethosisekelo we-IShayina, iSaudi Arabia, izwe elikhulu eMpumalanga Ephakathi, yaqala kabusha ngokusemthethweni ubudlelwano bezombusazwe ne-Iran. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, inqubo yokubuyisana eMpumalanga Ephakathi iye yasheshiswa.
ISiriya, iTurkey, iRussia kanye ne-Iran babambe izingxoxo zamaqembu amane ngenyanga edlule ukuze baxoxe ngokwakha kabusha ubudlelwano phakathi kweTurkey neSyria.
Ngomhlaka-1 Meyi, ongqongqoshe bezangaphandle baseSiriya, eJordani, eSaudi Arabia, e-Iraq naseGibhithe babambe izingxoxo e-Amman, inhloko-dolobha yaseJordani, ukuze baxoxe ngesisombululo sezepolitiki endabeni yaseSyria.
Ngaphansi kwaleli gagasi lokubuyisana, i-Iran, ebilokhu isekela uhulumeni waseSiriya iminyaka eminingi, yaqala ukubheka ukubaluleka kobudlelwano bayo neSiriya. UMongameli wase-Iran uRaihi ufike eSyria ngoMeyi 3 evakashele izinsuku ezimbili, okwakuyihambo lokuqala likamongameli wase-Iran eSiriya kusukela ngo-2010.
Ukubuyisana kwezepolitiki kuzoholela ekuvuseleleni umnotho ngokungenakugwenywa. Ngokusho kombiko we-"Tehran Times", ngemuva kokuba uMengameli wase-Iran uRahim efikile eSiriya ngoMeyi 3, i-Iran neSiriya basayine izivumelwano ezingu-14 kanye nezivumelwano zokusebenzisana, ezihilela ezohwebo, uwoyela, ezolimo, izitimela, njll. La mazwe amabili asayine nesivumelwano sokubambisana esibanzi sesikhathi eside, esilungiselela ukusungula ibhange elihlangene kanye nendawo yokuhweba yamahhala ehlangene.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ethintwe yindawo yokubuyisana eMpumalanga Ephakathi, amazwe aseGulf Arab aholwa yiSaudi Arabia nawo ashintshe isimo sawo sengqondo sobutha ngohulumeni waseSyria. Ekupheleni kwenyanga edlule, uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseSaudi uFaisal wavakashela eSyria, okuwukuvakasha kokuqala selokhu la mazwe amabili aqeda ubudlelwano bezombusazwe ngo-2012.
Ngaphambi kokunqanyulwa kobudlelwano bezombusazwe, iSaudi Arabia yayingomunye wabalingani abakhulu bezohwebo eSyria, kanti inani lokuhwebelana phakathi kwamazwe amabili lafinyelela ku-$1.3 billion ngo-2010. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuvulwa kabusha komngcele phakathi kweSiriya neJordani, ukuhwebelana phakathi kweSaudi Arabia neSiriya kukhuphuke, kusukela ngaphansi kwezigidi eziyi-US$100 ngaphambili kuya ku-$396 million ngo-2021.
Isibikezelo sakamuva esikhishwe yi-International Monetary Fund (IMF) sibonisa ukuthi ngenxa yomthelela oqhubekayo wesivumelwano sokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-OPEC+ kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali, abathumeli bamafutha baseMpumalanga Ephakathi okuhlanganisa iSaudi Arabia ne-Iran bazobhekana nokwehla kokukhula komnotho kulo nyaka, futhi amazwe azoguqula amandla amaningi aye ezindaweni ezingezona ezophethiloli.
Lokhu kugcizelela nesidingo sokubambisana phakathi kwamazwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyizwe elikhiqiza uwoyela elivunyelwe noma elingenisa uwoyela, kuyinselele enzima ukuvula izimakethe ezintsha nokwandisa amasimu angewona awoyela. Ngemva kokujulisa ukubambisana, wonke amazwe azokwabelana ngemithwalo yawo yemfanelo futhi asebenzisane ukuze afake isandla ekuthuthukisweni komnotho eMpumalanga Ephakathi.
Amazwe aseMpumalanga Ephakathi ayasheshisa inqubo yokubuyisana, elinye lithintwa yizici zemvelo zesifunda, kanti elinye libangelwa izidingo zawo zentuthuko. Ukubuyisana nokuqala kabusha kobudlelwano bezombusazwe kanye nokujula kobudlelwano bokubambisana kuzoletha amathuba amasha entuthuko kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
Ukufakwa kwempahla eSenghorinethemba elikhulu ngezimakethe zaseSaudi Arabia nakwamanye amazwe aseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Sizibophezele ekuthuthukiseni iziteshi ezizuzisayo nokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuthutha ezisezingeni eliphezulu kumakhasimende endawo.
Ukuthuthwa kwethu komugqa okhethekile eSaudi Arabia kusiza ukubambisana kwezohwebo phakathi kwala mazwe amabili:
1. Impahla yolwandle, imithwalo yendiza; ukusulwa kwentela kabili kanye nentela kufakiwe; umnyango nomnyango;
2. I-Guangzhou/Shenzhen/Yiwu ingamukela izimpahla, ngokwesilinganiso izitsha ezingu-4-6 ngesonto;
3. Kuyamukeleka ezibanini, izinto zikagesi ezincane ze-3C, izesekeli zocingo oluphathwayo, izindwangu, imishini, amathoyizi, izitsha zasekhishini, imikhiqizo enamabhethri nokunye;
4. Akunasidingo sokuba amakhasimende anikeze isitifiketi se-SABER/IECEE/CB/EER/RWC;
5. Ukususwa kwentela okusheshayo kanye nokuhambisana nesikhathi okuzinzile.
Siyakwamukela ukubonisana!
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-09-2023
