Ukunqoba kukaTrump kungase kulethe izinguquko ezinkulu endleleni yokuhweba yomhlaba wonke kanye nemakethe yokuthumela impahla, futhi abanikazi bempahla kanye nemboni yokuthumela impahla nabo bazothinteka kakhulu.
Isikhathi sikaTrump sangaphambilini saphawulwa uchungechunge lwezinqubomgomo zokuhweba ezinesibindi futhi ezivame ukuphikisana ezashintsha ukuguquguquka kokuhweba kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Nasi ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwalo mthelela:
1. Izinguquko kuphethini yokuhweba yomhlaba wonke
(1) Ukubuyiselwa kwe-Protectionism
Esinye sezimpawu zesikhathi sokuqala sikaTrump kwaba ukushintshela ezinqubweni zokuvikela. Izindleko zezimpahla ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezivela eShayina, zihloselwe ukunciphisa ukuntuleka kokuhweba nokuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-US.
Uma uTrump ekhethwa kabusha, kungenzeka ukuthi uzoqhubeka nale ndlela, mhlawumbe andise intela kwamanye amazwe noma imikhakha. Lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni kwezindleko kubathengi namabhizinisi, njengoba intela ivame ukwenza izimpahla ezingeniswayo zibize kakhulu.
Imboni yokuthumela izimpahla, ethembele kakhulu ekuthuthweni kwezimpahla ngokukhululeka emingceleni, ingabhekana nokuphazamiseka okukhulu. Ukwanda kwentela kungaholela ekwehleni kwenani lokuhweba njengoba izinkampani zilungisa izintambo zokunikezela ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko. Njengoba amabhizinisi ebhekana nobunzima bendawo evikela kakhulu, imizila yokuthumela izimpahla ingashintsha futhi isidingo sokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezitsheni singase sishintshe.
(2) Ukwakhiwa kabusha kohlelo lwemithetho yokuhweba yomhlaba wonke
Uhulumeni kaTrump uphinde wahlola kabusha uhlelo lwemithetho yokuhweba yomhlaba wonke, wabuza ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi uhlelo lokuhweba oluhlanganisa amazwe amaningi lunengqondo yini, futhi wahoxa ezinhlanganweni eziningi zomhlaba wonke. Uma ephinde wakhethwa, lo mkhuba ungase uqhubeke, udale izinto eziningi eziphazamisa umnotho wemakethe yomhlaba wonke.
(3) Ubunzima bobudlelwano bezohwebo phakathi kwe-Sino-US
UTrump ubelokhu enamathela emfundisweni ethi "iMelika Okokuqala", futhi inqubomgomo yakhe yaseShayina ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe nayo ibonise lokhu. Uma ethatha izintambo futhi, ubudlelwano bezohwebo phakathi kwe-Sino-US bungase bube yinkimbinkimbi futhi bube nzima, okuzoba nomthelela omkhulu emisebenzini yezohwebo phakathi kwala mazwe amabili.
2. Umthelela emakethe yokuthumela impahla
(1) Ukuguquguquka kwesidingo sezokuthutha
Izinqubomgomo zokuhweba zikaTrump zingase zithinte ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla yiShayina kuI-the united states, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte isidingo sokuhamba emizileni edlula ePacific. Ngenxa yalokho, izinkampani zingase zilungise kabusha izintambo zazo zokuhambisa, futhi amanye ama-oda angadluliselwa kwamanye amazwe nezifunda, okwenza amanani empahla yolwandle abe mancane kakhulu.
(2) Ukulungiswa komthamo wokuthutha
Ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 luveze ubuthakathaka bezindlela zokuhlinzeka ngomkhiqizo emhlabeni wonke, okwenza izinkampani eziningi zicabange kabusha ngokuthembela kwazo kubaphakeli bomthombo owodwa, ikakhulukazi eShayina. Ukukhethwa kabusha kukaTrump kungasheshisa lo mkhuba, njengoba izinkampani zingase zifune ukuhambisa umkhiqizo emazweni anobudlelwano obuhle kakhulu bezohwebo ne-United States. Lolu shintsho lungaholela ekwandeni kwesidingo sezinsizakalo zokuthumela eziya nezibuyayo.IVietnam, eNdiya,IMexiconoma ezinye izindawo zokukhiqiza.
Kodwa-ke, ukushintshela ezindleleni ezintsha zokunikezela akuzona ezingenazo izinselelo. Izinkampani zingase zibhekane nezindleko ezikhuphukile kanye nezingqinamba zezokuthutha njengoba zijwayela amasu amasha okuthola impahla. Imboni yokuthumela impahla ingadinga ukutshala imali engqalasizinda kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nalezi zinguquko, okungadinga isikhathi kanye nezinsiza. Lokhu kulungiswa kwamandla kuzokwandisa ukungaqiniseki kwemakethe, okubangela ukuthi amazinga okuthutha impahla esuka eShayina aye e-United States ashintshe kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile.
(3) Amanani okuthutha aphansi kanye nendawo yokuthumela impahla
Uma uTrump ememezela intela eyengeziwe, izinkampani eziningi zizokwandisa ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe inqubomgomo entsha yentela ukuze kugwenywe imithwalo eyengeziwe yentela. Lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni okukhulu kokuthunyelwa kwempahla e-United States esikhathini esifushane, okungenzeka ukuthi kuzogxila engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka ozayo, kube nomthelela omkhulu kuimithwalo yolwandlefuthiukuthutha ngendizaumthamo. Uma umthamo wokuthumela unganele, imboni yokuthumela impahla izobhekana nokwanda kwesimo sokujaha izindawo. Izindawo ezibiza kakhulu zizovela njalo, futhi amanani empahla azokwenyuka kakhulu.
3. Ithonya labanikazi bempahla kanye nabathuthi bempahla
(1) Ingcindezi yezindleko kubanikazi bezimpahla
Izinqubomgomo zokuhweba zikaTrump zingase ziholele emananini aphezulu entela kanye nezindleko zokuthutha impahla kubanikazi bezimpahla. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ingcindezi yokusebenza kubanikazi bezimpahla, kubaphoqe ukuthi bahlole kabusha futhi balungise amasu abo ochungechunge lokuphakelwa kwempahla.
(2) Izingozi zokusebenza kokuthunyelwa kwempahla
Ngenxa yomthamo wokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ophansi kanye nokwenyuka kwamanani ezimpahla, izinkampani zokuthumela impahla kudingeka ziphendule esidingweni esiphuthumayo samakhasimende sendawo yokuthumela impahla, ngesikhathi esifanayo zithwele ingcindezi yezindleko kanye nezingozi zokusebenza ezibangelwa ukuntuleka kwendawo yokuthumela impahla kanye nokwenyuka kwamanani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitayela sikaTrump sokubusa singase sandise ukuhlolisiswa kokuphepha, ukuthobela imithetho kanye nemvelaphi yezimpahla ezingeniswayo, okuzokwandisa ubunzima kanye nezindleko zokusebenza kwezinkampani zokuthumela impahla ukuze zihambisane nezindinganiso zase-US.
Ukukhethwa kabusha kukaDonald Trump kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ezimakethe zokuhweba zomhlaba kanye nemikhumbi. Nakuba amanye amabhizinisi angase azuze ngokugxila ekukhiqizeni e-US, umthelela jikelele ungase uholele ekwandeni kwezindleko, ukungaqiniseki, kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha kwezindlela zokuhweba zomhlaba.
Ukufakwa kwempahla eSenghorizophinde iqaphele kakhulu imikhuba yenqubomgomo yokuphatha kukaTrump ukuze ilungise ngokushesha izixazululo zokuthumela ukuze amakhasimende aphendule ezinguqukweni zemakethe ezingaba khona.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-13-2024
