Manyan kuɗaɗen jigilar kaya guda 10 da ke tasiri ga harkokin sufurin jiragen sama da kuma nazarin farashi a shekarar 2025
A cikin yanayin kasuwanci na duniya,jigilar jiragen samajigilar kaya ta zama muhimmiyar hanyar jigilar kaya ga kamfanoni da daidaikun mutane da yawa saboda inganci da saurinta. Duk da haka, tsarin farashin jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama yana da rikitarwa kuma yana shafar dalilai da yawa.
Farashin jigilar kaya ta jirgin sama yana shafar abubuwan da ke haifar da hakan
Da farko,nauyina kayan yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ke ƙayyade farashin jigilar kaya ta jirgin sama. Yawanci, kamfanonin jigilar kaya ta jirgin sama suna ƙididdige farashin jigilar kaya bisa ga farashin naúrar kowace kilogiram. Mafi girman nauyin kayan, haka farashin zai fi girma.
Farashin gabaɗaya shine kilogiram 45, kilogiram 100, kilogiram 300, kilogiram 500, kilogiram 1000 da sama (duba cikakkun bayanai a cikinsamfurinDuk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa ga kayayyaki masu girma da nauyi mai sauƙi, kamfanonin jiragen sama na iya caji gwargwadon nauyin kaya.
Thenisajigilar kaya kuma muhimmin abu ne da ke shafar farashin jigilar kaya daga sama. Gabaɗaya, tsawon nisan sufuri, farashin jigilar kaya ya fi girma. Misali, farashin jigilar kaya daga China zuwaTuraizai fi na jigilar kayayyaki daga China zuwaKudu maso Gabashin AsiyaBugu da ƙari, daban-dabanfilayen jirgin sama masu tashi da filayen jirgin sama da wuraren da za a jezai kuma yi tasiri ga farashin.
Thenau'in kayazai kuma shafi farashin jigilar kaya ta sama. Kayayyaki na musamman, kamar kayayyaki masu haɗari, abinci mai daɗi, kayayyaki masu daraja, da kayayyaki masu buƙatar yanayin zafi, yawanci suna da farashin jigilar kaya mafi girma fiye da kayayyaki na yau da kullun saboda suna buƙatar matakan kulawa da kariya na musamman.
(Misali: kayayyaki masu sarrafa zafin jiki, sarkar sanyi ta magunguna tana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman, kuma farashin zai ƙaru da kashi 30%-50%.)
Bugu da ƙari,buƙatun lokaciZa a kuma nuna farashin jigilar kaya. Idan kuna buƙatar hanzarta jigilar kaya da kuma isar da kayan zuwa inda za ku je cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, farashin jirgin kai tsaye zai fi farashin jigilar kaya; kamfanin jirgin zai samar da fifikon sarrafawa da ayyukan jigilar kaya cikin sauri don wannan, amma farashin zai ƙaru daidai gwargwado.
Kamfanonin jiragen sama daban-dabankuma suna da ƙa'idodi daban-daban na caji. Wasu manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na ƙasashen duniya na iya samun fa'idodi a cikin ingancin sabis da kuma ɗaukar nauyin hanya, amma farashinsu na iya zama mai yawa; yayin da wasu ƙananan kamfanonin jiragen sama ko na yanki na iya bayar da farashi mai rahusa.
Baya ga abubuwan da ke sama kai tsaye na farashi, wasukuɗaɗen da ba na kai tsaye baya kamata a yi la'akari da shi. Misali, farashin marufi na kayan. Domin tabbatar da amincin kayan yayin jigilar kaya ta sama, ana buƙatar amfani da kayan marufi masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka cika ƙa'idodin jigilar kaya ta sama, waɗanda za su jawo wasu kuɗaɗe. Bugu da ƙari, farashin mai, kuɗin kwastam, kuɗin inshora, da sauransu suma suna cikin ɓangaren kuɗin jigilar kaya ta sama.
Sauran dalilai:
Samar da kayayyaki da buƙata a kasuwa
Canje-canjen buƙatu: A lokacin bukukuwan siyayya ta yanar gizo da lokutan samar da kayayyaki mafi girma, buƙatar jigilar kaya tana ƙaruwa sosai. Idan ba za a iya daidaita wadatar jigilar kaya a kan lokaci ba, farashin jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama zai tashi. Misali, a lokacin bukukuwan siyayya kamar "Kirsimeti" da "Baƙar Juma'a", yawan kayan da ake fitarwa ta yanar gizo ya ƙaru, kuma buƙatar jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama tana da ƙarfi, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar farashin jigilar kaya.
(Wani misali na rashin daidaiton wadata da buƙata shine rikicin Tekun Bahar Maliya a shekarar 2024: jiragen ruwa masu ɗaukar kaya da ke ratsa Cape of Good Hope sun tsawaita tsarin jigilar kaya, kuma wasu kayayyaki sun koma jigilar jiragen sama, wanda hakan ya ƙara yawan jigilar kaya a hanyar Asiya da Turai da kashi 30%.)
Canje-canje a samar da kayayyaki: Cikin jirgin fasinja muhimmin tushen ƙarfin jigilar kaya ne ga jiragen sama, kuma ƙaruwa ko raguwar jiragen fasinja zai shafi ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya kai tsaye na cikin. Lokacin da buƙatar fasinja ta ragu, ƙarfin cikin jiragen fasinja ya ragu, kuma buƙatar kaya ba ta canzawa ko ta ƙaru ba, farashin jigilar kaya na iya ƙaruwa. Bugu da ƙari, adadin jiragen ɗaukar kaya da aka saka hannun jari da kuma kawar da tsoffin jiragen ɗaukar kaya suma za su shafi ƙarfin jigilar kaya, don haka suna shafar farashi.
Kudin jigilar kaya
Farashin mai: Man fetur na jiragen sama yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan kuɗaɗen gudanarwa na kamfanonin jiragen sama, kuma sauyin farashin mai zai shafi farashin jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama kai tsaye. Idan farashin mai ya tashi, kamfanonin jiragen sama za su ƙara farashin jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama don canja matsin farashin.
Kuɗin Filin Jirgin Sama: Ka'idojin caji na filayen jirgin sama daban-daban sun bambanta, gami da kuɗin sauka da tashi, kuɗin ajiye motoci, kuɗin hidimar ƙasa, da sauransu.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da hanya
Yawan zirga-zirgar ababen hawa: Manyan hanyoyin sufuri kamar Asiya Pacific zuwa Turai da Amurka, Turai da Amurka zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya, da sauransu, saboda yawan ciniki da kuma yawan buƙatar kaya, kamfanonin jiragen sama sun zuba jari mai yawa a waɗannan hanyoyin, amma gasa ma tana da ƙarfi. Farashin zai shafi wadata da buƙata da kuma yawan gasa. Farashin zai tashi a lokacin da ake fuskantar yanayi mai kyau, kuma yana iya faɗuwa a lokacin da ba a kammala kakar wasa ba saboda gasa.
Manufofin siyasa na ƙasa: harajin haraji, ƙuntatawa kan hanyoyi da takaddama kan ciniki
Haɗarin siyasa a fannin ƙasa yana shafar farashin jigilar jiragen sama a kaikaice:
Tsarin harajin haraji: Kafin Amurka ta sanya wa China haraji, kamfanoni sun yi gaggawar jigilar kayayyaki, wanda hakan ya sa farashin jigilar kaya a kan hanyar China da Amurka ya tashi da kashi 18% a cikin mako guda;
Takaita zirga-zirgar sararin samaniya: Bayan rikicin Rasha da Ukraine, kamfanonin jiragen sama na Turai sun yi shawagi a sararin samaniyar Rasha, kuma lokacin tashi a hanyar Asiya da Turai ya karu da awanni 2-3, kuma farashin mai ya karu da kashi 8%-12%.
Misali
Domin mu fahimci farashin jigilar jiragen sama cikin sauƙi, za mu yi amfani da wani misali na musamman don yin misali. A ce kamfani yana son jigilar kayayyaki masu nauyin kilogiram 500 na kayan lantarki daga Shenzhen, China zuwaLos Angeles, Amurka, kuma ya zaɓi wani sanannen kamfanin jirgin sama na ƙasashen duniya wanda farashinsa ya kai dala 6.3 a kowace kilogiram. Tunda kayayyakin lantarki ba kayayyaki na musamman ba ne, ba a buƙatar ƙarin kuɗin sarrafawa. A lokaci guda, kamfanin yana zaɓar lokacin jigilar kaya na yau da kullun. A wannan yanayin, farashin jigilar kaya ta jirgin sama na wannan rukunin kayayyaki ya kai kimanin dala 3,150. Amma idan kamfanin yana buƙatar isar da kayan cikin awanni 24 kuma ya zaɓi sabis mai sauri, farashin na iya ƙaruwa da kashi 50% ko ma fiye da haka.
Binciken farashin jigilar jiragen sama a shekarar 2025
A shekarar 2025, farashin jigilar jiragen sama na duniya gaba ɗaya na iya canzawa da kuma tashi, amma aikin zai bambanta a lokuta da hanyoyi daban-daban.
Janairu:Saboda buƙatar tara kaya kafin Sabuwar Shekarar China da kuma yiwuwar gabatar da sabbin manufofin haraji daga Amurka, kamfanoni suna jigilar kayayyaki a gaba, buƙatu ta ƙaru sosai, kuma ƙimar jigilar kaya a manyan hanyoyin kamar Asiya-Pacific zuwa Turai da Amurka ta ci gaba da ƙaruwa.
Fabrairu:Bayan Sabuwar Shekarar China, an yi jigilar kayayyaki a baya, buƙatu sun faɗi, kuma ana iya daidaita yawan kayayyaki a dandamalin kasuwancin e-commerce bayan hutu, kuma matsakaicin ƙimar jigilar kaya a duniya na iya raguwa idan aka kwatanta da Janairu.
Maris:Bayan faduwar farashin kaya kafin a fara biyan haraji a kwata na farko har yanzu akwai, kuma wasu kayayyaki har yanzu suna kan hanyarsu ta zuwa. A lokaci guda, farfaɗowar da ake samu a hankali a fannin samar da kayayyaki na iya haifar da wani adadin buƙatun kaya, kuma ƙimar kaya na iya ƙaruwa kaɗan bisa ga watan Fabrairu.
Afrilu zuwa Yuni:Idan babu wani babban gaggawa, ƙarfin aiki da buƙata sun yi daidai, kuma ana sa ran matsakaicin ƙimar jigilar jiragen sama a duniya zai canza kusan ±5%.
Yuli zuwa Agusta:Lokacin yawon bude ido na lokacin bazara, wani ɓangare na ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya na jiragen fasinja yana ɗauke da kayan fasinja, da sauransu, kuma ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya yana da ɗan ƙaranci. A lokaci guda, dandamalin kasuwancin e-commerce suna shirin yin ayyukan tallatawa a rabin na biyu na shekara, kuma ƙimar jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama na iya ƙaruwa da kashi 10%-15%.
Satumba zuwa Oktoba:Lokacin kololuwar kaya na gargajiya yana zuwa, tare da ayyukan tallata kaya ta yanar gizo "Golden Satumba da Azurfa Oktoba", buƙatar jigilar kaya tana da ƙarfi, kuma ƙimar kaya na iya ci gaba da ƙaruwa da kashi 10%-15%.
Nuwamba zuwa Disamba:Bukukuwan siyayya kamar "Baƙar Juma'a" da "Kirsimeti" sun haifar da ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin kayayyakin kasuwancin e-commerce, kuma buƙata ta kai kololuwar shekara. Matsakaicin ƙimar jigilar kaya a duniya na iya ƙaruwa da kashi 15%-20% idan aka kwatanta da Satumba. Duk da haka, kafin ƙarshen shekara, yayin da sha'awar bikin siyayya ke raguwa kuma lokacin hutu ya zo, farashi na iya faɗuwa.
(Abin da ke sama don tunani ne kawai, don Allah a duba ainihin ambaton.)
Don haka, tantance farashin jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba, amma sakamakon haɗakar tasirin abubuwa da yawa. Lokacin zabar ayyukan jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama, masu kaya don Allah ku yi la'akari da buƙatunku, kasafin kuɗi da halayen kayan, sannan ku yi magana da yin shawarwari da kamfanonin jigilar kaya don samun mafi kyawun mafita na jigilar kaya da ƙimar farashi mai ma'ana.
Yadda ake samun farashin jigilar kaya ta jirgin sama cikin sauri da daidaito?
1. Menene samfurinka?
2. Nauyin kaya da girmansa? Ko kuma a aiko mana da jerin kayan da za a ɗauka daga mai samar da kayanku?
3. Ina ne wurin da mai samar da kayan ku yake? Muna buƙatar hakan don tabbatar da filin jirgin sama mafi kusa a China.
4. Adireshin isar da ƙofarku tare da lambar akwatin gidan waya. (Idanƙofa-da-ƙofaana buƙatar sabis.)
5. Idan kana da ranar da aka shirya kayanka daidai daga mai samar maka da kaya, shin zai fi kyau?
6. Sanarwa ta musamman: ko ya wuce gona da iri ko kuma ya yi kiba; ko kayan da ke da saurin kamuwa da cuta kamar ruwa, batura, da sauransu; ko akwai wasu buƙatu na kula da zafin jiki.
Senghor Logistics za ta samar da sabon farashi na jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama bisa ga bayanan kaya da buƙatunku. Mu ne wakilin kamfanonin jiragen sama na farko kuma za mu iya samar da sabis na jigilar kaya daga gida zuwa gida, wanda ba shi da damuwa kuma yana ceton ma'aikata.
Da fatan za a cike fom ɗin tambaya don neman shawara.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-25-2024
