Lokutan jigilar kaya na manyan hanyoyin jigilar kaya na teku guda 9 daga China da abubuwan da ke shafar su
A matsayinmu na mai jigilar kaya, yawancin abokan cinikin da suka tambaye mu za su yi tambaya game da tsawon lokacin da za a ɗauka kafin a aika da kaya daga China da kuma lokacin da za a ɗauka kafin a aika da kaya.
Lokutan jigilar kaya daga China zuwa yankuna daban-daban sun bambanta sosai dangane da dalilai daban-daban, gami da hanyar jigilar kaya (ta sama, teku, da sauransu), takamaiman tashoshin jiragen ruwa na asali da inda za su je, buƙatun izinin kwastam, da buƙatun yanayi. A ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen bayani game da lokutan jigilar kaya na hanyoyi daban-daban daga China da abubuwan da ke shafar su:
Hanyoyin Arewacin Amurka (Amurka, Kanada, Mexico)
Manyan Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa:
Gabar Yammacin Amurka: Los Angeles/Long Beach, Oakland, Seattle, da sauransu.
Gabashin Gabashin Amurka: New York, Savannah, Norfolk, Houston (ta hanyar Panama Canal), da sauransu.
Kanada: Vancouver, Toronto, Montreal, da dai sauransu.
MezikoManzanillo, Lazaro Cardenas, Veracruz, da dai sauransu.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Jigilar kaya daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta China zuwaTashar jiragen ruwa a Yammacin Tekun, Amurka: Kimanin kwanaki 14 zuwa 18, ƙofa zuwa ƙofa: Kimanin kwanaki 20 zuwa 30.
Jigilar kaya daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta China zuwaTashar jiragen ruwa a Gabashin Tekun, Amurka: Kimanin kwanaki 25 zuwa 35, ƙofa zuwa ƙofa: Kimanin kwanaki 35 zuwa 45.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China zuwatsakiyar Amurkayana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 27 zuwa 35, ko dai kai tsaye daga Yammacin Tekun ko kuma ta hanyar jirgin ƙasa mai tafiya a ƙafa ta biyu.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China zuwaTashoshin jiragen ruwa na Kanadayana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 15 zuwa 26, kuma ƙofa zuwa ƙofa yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 20 zuwa 40.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China zuwaTashoshin jiragen ruwa na Mexicoyana tsakanin kwanaki 20 zuwa 30.
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Cikowar tashoshin jiragen ruwa da matsalolin ma'aikata a Yammacin Tekun: Tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Los Angeles/Long Beach wurare ne na cunkoso na gargajiya, kuma tattaunawar ma'aikatan tashar jiragen ruwa sau da yawa yana haifar da raguwar aiki ko barazanar yajin aiki.
Takaitawar Magudanar Ruwa ta Panama: Fari ya sa ruwan magudanar ruwa ya ragu, wanda ya takaita yawan tafiye-tafiye da zaftarewar ruwa, wanda hakan ya kara farashin da rashin tabbas a hanyoyin Gabashin Tekun.
Sufuri na cikin gida: Tattaunawa tsakanin layin dogo na Amurka da Ƙungiyar Teamsters na iya shafar jigilar kayayyaki daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa zuwa yankunan cikin gida.
Hanyoyin Turai (Yammacin Turai, Arewacin Turai, da Bahar Rum)
Manyan Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa:
Rotterdam, Hamburg, Antwerp, Flixstowe, Piraeus, da sauransu.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Jigilar kaya daga China zuwaTuraijigilar kaya ta teku zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa: kimanin kwanaki 28 zuwa 38.
Kofa-da-ƙofa: kimanin kwanaki 35 zuwa 50.
China-Turai Express: kimanin kwanaki 18 zuwa 25.
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Yajin aikin tashar jiragen ruwa: Yajin aikin da ma'aikatan tashar jiragen ruwa ke yi a fadin Turai shi ne babban abin da ke haifar da rashin tabbas, wanda galibi yakan haifar da jinkiri sosai a jiragen ruwa da kuma cikas a tashoshin jiragen ruwa.
Kewaya mashigar ruwa ta Suez: Cikewar magudanar ruwa, ƙaruwar kuɗin shiga, ko abubuwan da ba a zata ba (kamar dakatar da jirgin ruwan Ever Given) na iya yin tasiri kai tsaye ga jadawalin jigilar kaya na Turai a duniya.
Siyasar ƙasa: Rikicin Tekun Bahar Maliya ya tilasta wa jiragen ruwa juyawa a kewayen Cape of Good Hope, inda ya ƙara kwanaki 10-15 ga tafiye-tafiye kuma a halin yanzu shine babban abin da ke shafar lokaci.
Jirgin ƙasa da jigilar kaya ta teku: Tsarin jigilar kaya tsakanin China da Turai Express, wanda rikicin Tekun Bahar Maliya bai shafe shi ba, babban fa'ida ne.
Hanyoyin Ostiraliya da New Zealand (Ostiraliya da New Zealand)
Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa:
Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Auckland, da sauransu.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Jigilar kaya ta teku Tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa: kimanin kwanaki 14 zuwa 20.
Kofa-da-ƙofa: kimanin kwanaki 20 zuwa 35.
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Tsaron Halittu da Keɓewa: Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin abu. Ostiraliya da New Zealand suna da ƙa'idodin keɓewa mafi tsauri a duniya ga dabbobi da shuke-shuke da aka shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje, wanda ke haifar da yawan dubawa da jinkirin lokacin sarrafawa. Lokutan share kwastam na iya tsawaita da kwanaki ko ma makonni. Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su, kamar kayayyakin katako ko kayan daki, dole ne a yi feshin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta kuma a samitakardar shaidar feshikafin shiga.
Jadawalin jigilar kaya ya fi na Turai da Amurka gajeru, kuma zaɓuɓɓukan jigilar kaya kai tsaye suna da iyaka.
Sauye-sauyen buƙatun yanayi (kamar lokacin kasuwar kayayyakin noma) suna shafar ƙarfin jigilar kaya.
Hanyoyin Kudancin Amurka (Gabas da Yammacin Tekun)
Manyan Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa:
Gabar Yamma:Callao, Iquique, Buenaventura, Guayaquil, da dai sauransu.
Gabashin Gabashin:Santos, Buenos Aires, Montevideo, da dai sauransu.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Jirgin Ruwa zuwa Tashar Jiragen Ruwa:
Tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Yammacin Tekun:Kimanin kwanaki 25 zuwa 35 don jigilar kaya.
Tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Gabashin Teku(ta Cape of Good Hope ko Panama Canal): Kimanin kwanaki 35 zuwa 45 kafin a yi jigilar kaya.
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Tafiye-tafiye mafi tsawo, mafi girman rashin tabbas.
Rashin ingantattun tashoshin jiragen ruwa na zuwa: Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Kudancin Amurka suna fama da rashin ingantaccen kayayyakin more rayuwa, ƙarancin ingancin aiki, da kuma cunkoso mai tsanani.
Tsangayar share kwastam mai rikitarwa da kuma shingen ciniki: Tsarin kwastam mai rikitarwa, manufofi marasa tabbas, yawan dubawa, da ƙarancin matakan keɓewa daga haraji na iya haifar da hauhawar haraji da jinkiri.
Zaɓuɓɓukan hanya: Jiragen ruwa da ke tafiya zuwa Gabashin Tekun na iya zagayawa a Cape of Good Hope ko kuma ta hanyar Panama Canal, ya danganta da yanayin kewayawa na duka biyun.
Hanyoyin Gabas ta Tsakiya (Hamadar Larabawa, Kasashen Tekun Tekun Fasha)
Manyan Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa:
Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Dammam, Doha, da dai sauransu.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Kaya daga Teku: Tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa: Kimanin kwanaki 15 zuwa 22.
Kofa zuwa ƙofa: Kimanin kwana 20 zuwa 30.
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Ingancin tashoshin jiragen ruwa zuwa inda za su je: Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Jebel Ali da ke Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa tana da inganci sosai, amma sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa na iya fuskantar raguwar inganci sosai a lokutan bukukuwan addini (kamar Ramadan da Eid al-Fitr), wanda ke haifar da jinkiri.
Yanayin siyasa: Rashin zaman lafiya a yankin na iya shafar tsaron jigilar kaya da kuma kuɗin inshora.
Hutu: A lokacin Ramadan, aikin yana raguwa, wanda hakan ke rage ingancin kayan aiki sosai.
Hanyoyin Afirka
Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa a yankuna 4:
Arewacin Afirka:Tekun Bahar Rum, kamar Alexandria da Algiers.
Yammacin Afirka:Lagos, Lomé, Abidjan, Tema, da dai sauransu.
Gabashin Afirka:Mombasa da Dar es Salaam.
Afirka ta Kudu:Durban da Cape Town.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Tashar Jiragen Ruwa zuwa Tashar Jiragen Ruwa:
Kimanin kwanaki 25 zuwa 40 zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Arewacin Afirka.
Kimanin kwanaki 30 zuwa 50 zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Gabashin Afirka.
Kimanin kwanaki 25 zuwa 35 zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu.
Kimanin kwanaki 40 zuwa 50 zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Yammacin Afirka.
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Mummunan yanayi a tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ake zuwa: Cinkoson ababen hawa, kayan aiki da suka tsufa, da kuma rashin kyawun tsarin gudanarwa sun zama ruwan dare. Legas tana ɗaya daga cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa da suka fi cunkoso a duniya.
Kalubalen share kwastam: Dokokin suna da matuƙar tsauri, kuma buƙatun takardu suna da matuƙar wahala kuma suna canzawa koyaushe, wanda hakan ya sa share kwastam ya zama babban ƙalubale.
Matsalolin sufuri na cikin gida: Rashin kyawun kayayyakin sufuri daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa zuwa yankunan cikin gida yana haifar da manyan matsalolin tsaro.
Rikicin siyasa da zamantakewa: Rashin zaman lafiya a wasu yankuna yana ƙara haɗarin sufuri da kuɗaɗen inshora.
Hanyoyin Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, da sauransu)
Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa:
Singapore, Port Klang, Jakarta, Ho Chi Minh City, Bangkok, Laem Chabang, da dai sauransu.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Kaya daga Teku: Tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa: Kimanin kwanaki 5 zuwa 10.
Kofa zuwa ƙofa: Kimanin kwana 10 zuwa 18.
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Tafiya ta ɗan gajeren lokaci fa'ida ce.
Kayayyakin tashar jiragen ruwa da ake zuwa da su sun bambanta sosai: Singapore tana da inganci sosai, yayin da tashoshin jiragen ruwa a wasu ƙasashe na iya samun kayan aiki na zamani, ƙarancin ƙarfin sarrafawa, da kuma yiwuwar cunkoso.
Muhalli mai sarkakiya na share kwastam: Manufofin kwastam, buƙatun takardu, da batutuwa sun bambanta daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, wanda hakan ya sa share kwastam babban abin haɗari ne ga jinkiri.
Lokacin guguwar ya shafi tashoshin jiragen ruwa da hanyoyin jigilar kaya a Kudancin China.
Karin karatu:
Hanyoyin Gabashin Asiya (Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Gabas Mai Nisa ta Rasha)
Manyan Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa:
Japan(Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka),
Koriya ta Kudu(Busan, Incheon),
Gabas Mai Nisa ta Rasha(Vladivostok).
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Jirgin Ruwa:Tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa tana da sauri sosai, tana tashi daga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na arewacin China cikin kimanin kwanaki 2 zuwa 5, tare da tsawon lokaci na kwanaki 7 zuwa 12.
Sufurin Jirgin Ƙasa/Ƙasa:Ga yankin Gabas Mai Nisa na Rasha da wasu yankunan cikin gida, lokutan sufuri suna kama da ko kuma sun ɗan fi tsayi fiye da jigilar kaya ta jiragen ruwa ta tashoshin jiragen ruwa kamar Suifenhe da Hunchun.
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Tafiye-tafiye masu gajeru sosai da kuma lokutan jigilar kaya masu daidaito.
Ayyuka masu inganci sosai a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na inda za a je (Japan da Koriya ta Kudu), amma ƙananan jinkiri na iya faruwa saboda ingancin tashar jiragen ruwa a Gabas Mai Nisa ta Rasha da yanayin ƙanƙara na hunturu.
Canje-canje a manufofin siyasa da kasuwanci na iya shafar tsarin share kwastam.
Hanyoyin Kudancin Asiya (Indiya, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh)
Manyan Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa:
Nhava Sheva, Colombo, Chittagong
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China:
Kaya daga Teku: Tashar Jiragen Ruwa zuwa Tashar Jiragen Ruwa: Kimanin kwanaki 12 zuwa 18
Muhimman abubuwan da ke tasiri:
Mummunan cunkoson tasoshin jiragen ruwa: Saboda rashin isassun kayayyakin more rayuwa da kuma tsare-tsare masu sarkakiya, jiragen ruwa suna ɓatar da lokaci mai tsawo suna jiran sauka, musamman a tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Indiya da Bangladesh. Wannan yana haifar da rashin tabbas sosai a lokutan jigilar kaya.
Tsauraran dokoki da ƙa'idoji na izinin kwastam: Kwastam na Indiya yana da babban adadin dubawa da kuma buƙatun takardu masu tsauri. Duk wani kuskure na iya haifar da jinkiri da tara mai yawa.
Chittagong tana ɗaya daga cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa marasa inganci a duniya, kuma jinkiri abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari.
Shawara mafi kyau ga masu kaya:
1. A bar aƙalla makonni 2 zuwa 4 na lokacin buffer, musamman ga hanyoyin zuwa Kudancin Asiya, Kudancin Amurka, Afirka, da kuma Turai da ke karkata a halin yanzu.
2. Takardun da suka dace:Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga dukkan hanyoyi kuma yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga yankunan da ke da yanayi mai sarkakiya na share kwastam (Kudancin Asiya, Kudancin Amurka, da Afirka).
3. Inshorar jigilar kaya:Ga hanyoyin tafiya mai nisa, masu haɗari, da kuma ga kayayyaki masu daraja, inshora yana da matuƙar muhimmanci.
4. Zaɓi ƙwararren mai samar da kayayyaki:Abokin hulɗa mai ƙwarewa mai zurfi da kuma cibiyar sadarwa mai ƙarfi ta wakilai waɗanda suka ƙware a takamaiman hanyoyi (kamar Kudancin Amurka) zai iya taimaka muku magance yawancin ƙalubale.
Senghor Logistics tana da shekaru 13 na ƙwarewar jigilar kaya, musamman a hanyoyin jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Turai, Arewacin Amurka, Kudancin Amurka, Ostiraliya da New Zealand, Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, da Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Mun ƙware a ayyukan share kwastan na shigo da kaya daga ƙasashen waje kamar Amurka, Kanada, Turai, da Ostiraliya, tare da fahimtar ƙimar share kwastan na shigo da kaya daga Amurka.
Bayan shekaru da dama na gogewa a fannin sufuri na duniya, mun sami abokan ciniki masu aminci a ƙasashe da yawa, mun fahimci abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci, kuma za mu iya samar da ayyuka na musamman.
Barka da zuwayi mana maganagame da jigilar kaya daga China!
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-25-2025
