Ni iyihe nzira ikorwa kugira ngo uwahawe ibicuruzwa afate ibicuruzwa nyuma yo kugera ku kibuga cy'indege?
Iyogutwara ibintu mu kirereIyo ibicuruzwa bigeze ku kibuga cy'indege, igikorwa cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa by'umukozi gisanzwe gikubiyemo gutegura inyandiko mbere y'igihe, kwishyura amafaranga ajyanye na byo, gutegereza imenyesha ry'uko ibicuruzwa byatanzwe, hanyuma ugafata ibicuruzwa. Hasi aha, Senghor Logistics izagufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa by'umukozi ku kibuga cy'indege kugira ngo ubone amakuru yawe.
Ubwa mbere: Inyandiko z'ingenzi ugomba kugira
Mbere yo kujya ku kibuga cy'indege, nyamuneka menya neza ko ufite ibyangombwa bikurikira.
1. Umwirondoro
(1) Icyemezo cy'umwirondoro:Abantu ku giti cyabo bagomba gutanga indangamuntu na kopi. Izina riri ku ndangamuntu rigomba guhuza n'izina ry'uwoherejwe ku byoherejwe. Abantu boherejwe ku bigo bagomba gutanga kopi y'uruhushya rwabo rw'ubucuruzi n'indangamuntu y'uhagarariye abandi (hari ibibuga by'indege bimwe na bimwe bisaba kashe yemewe).
(2) Uruhushya rwo kohereza ibicuruzwa:Niba utari nyiri sosiyete wanditse ku rupapuro rw'indege, ushobora gukenera ibaruwa ikwemerera gutwara ibicuruzwa ku rupapuro rw'ibaruwa rw'ikigo cyawe ikwemerera.
2. Ikarita y'indege yo gutwara abantu
Iyi ni inyandiko nyamukuru ikoreshwa nk'inyemezabwishyu y'umuzigo n'amasezerano y'ubwikorezi hagati y'utanga ibicuruzwa n'ikigo cy'indege. Emeza ko inomero y'inyemezabwishyu, izina ry'umuzigo, umubare w'ibice, uburemere rusange, n'andi makuru bihuye n'ibyoherejwe nyabyo. (cyangwa urupapuro rw'inzira y'inzu, niba rukozwe n'utanga ibicuruzwa.)
3. Inyandiko zisabwa kugira ngo umuntu yemererwe kwishyura gasutamo
Inyemezabuguzi y'ubucuruzi:Iyi nyandiko igaragaza ibisobanuro birambuye by'igikorwa, harimo agaciro n'ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa.
Urutonde rw'ibipakirwa:Garagaza ibisobanuro birambuye n'ingano ya buri kintu cyose cyoherejwe.
Uruhushya rwo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu:Bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa (nk'amavuta yo kwisiga, imashini, n'ibindi), uruhushya rwo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga rushobora gusabwa.
Menya neza ko inyandiko zose ari izuzuye kandi zitunganye. Iyo ibyo wazanye bigeze kandi byiteguye ku mugaragaro kuzanwa, uza:
Intambwe ya 1: Tegereza "Itangazo ryo Kugera" rivuye ku kigo cy'ubwikorezi cy'imizigo yawe
Isosiyete yawe yo kohereza imizigo (ni twe!) izakoherereza "Itangazo ryo Kugera". Iyi nyandiko yemeza ko:
- Indege yageze ku kibuga cy'indege kigezeyo.
- Ibicuruzwa byapakuruwe.
- Gahunda yo kwemererwa ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo irarangiye cyangwa itegereje ko igikorwa cyawe kirangira.
Iri tangazo rizaba rikubiyemo amakuru y'ingenzi nka nomero ya House Air Waybill (HAWB), uburemere/ingano y'ibicuruzwa, inzira y'imizigo (yaba ijya mu bubiko bugenzurwa cyangwa iyo gutwara ibintu mu buryo butaziguye), igihe giteganyijwe cyo gutwara ibintu, aderesi y'ububiko, n'amakuru yo guhamagara hamwe n'amafaranga yose agomba kwishyurwa.
Iyo nta nteguza nk'iyo itanzwe, uwahawe indege ashobora kuvugana n'ishami ry'imizigo ry'indege cyangwa umukozi ushinzwe gutwara imizigo akoresheje inomero y'ikarita y'indege kugira ngo yirinde amafaranga yo kubika imizigo kubera igihe kirekire ifunzwe.Ariko ntugire ikibazo, itsinda ryacu rishinzwe ibikorwa rizakurikirana aho indege zigeze n'aho zihaguruka kandi ritange amatangazo ku gihe.
(Iyo ibicuruzwa bitarafashwe ku gihe, amafaranga yo kubibika ashobora kwishyurwa bitewe n’uko ibicuruzwa bifunzwe igihe kirekire.)
Intambwe ya 2: Kwemererwa kwa gasutamo
Hanyuma, ugomba kuzuza imenyekanisha rya gasutamo no kugenzura.Ku bijyanye no kwemererwa kwishyura kuri gasutamo, hari amahitamo abiri y'ingenzi.
Kwiyemeza uburenganzira:Ibi bivuze ko wowe, nk'umushoramari w'inyandiko, ufite inshingano zuzuye zo gutegura no kohereza inyandiko zose zisabwa kuri gasutamo.
Nyamuneka tegura inyandiko zose hanyuma ujye mu cyumba cy’imenyekanisha rya gasutamo ku kibuga cy’indege kugira ngo wohereze ibikoresho byawe by’imenyekanisha kandi wohereze ifishi y’imenyekanisha rya gasutamo.
Vuga ukuri, ushyire mu byiciro ibicuruzwa byawe neza ukoresheje kode ya HS ikwiye, inomero y'imisoro, agaciro, n'andi makuru.
Niba abakozi ba gasutamo bafite ibibazo cyangwa basaba igenzura, nyamuneka babwire.
Menya neza ko inyandiko zose (inyemezabuguzi y'ubucuruzi, urutonde rw'ibipakiye, inyemezabuguzi, nibindi) ari ukuri 100%.
Gukoresha umucuruzi w’imizigo cyangwa umuhuzabikorwa wa gasutamo:Niba utazi neza inzira, ushobora guha akazi umuhanga mu by’ibanga kugira ngo acunge inzira yose yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa kuri gasutamo mu izina ryawe.
Uzakenera gutanga icyemezo cy’ubuvugizi (kigaragaza ububasha bwo guha abandi ububasha) kugira ngo ube umuhagarariye w’umwuga, utange inyandiko mu izina ryawe kandi uganire n’inzego za gasutamo mu buryo butaziguye kugira ngo birusheho kunozwa.
Intambwe ya 3: Gukorana n'igenzura rya gasutamo
Gasutamo izakora igenzura ry’ibicuruzwa mu buryo butunguranye hashingiwe ku makuru yatangajwe. Muri rusange, isuzuma ry’inyandiko, igenzura ry’umubiri, isuzuma n’isuzuma ry’ibishobora kugerwaho, ndetse n’isuzuma ry’ibyago. Iyo hasabwe igenzura, uwahawe ibicuruzwa agomba gukorana na gasutamo mu bubiko bugenzurwa kugira ngo arebe ko ibicuruzwa bihuye n’amakuru yatangajwe (urugero: ingano, ibisobanuro, n’ikirango).
Iyo igenzura risobanutse neza, gasutamo izatanga "Itangazo ryo Gusohora." Niba hari ibibazo (urugero: ibitandukanye mu itangazo cyangwa inyandiko zibura), uzakenera gutanga ibindi bikoresho cyangwa gukora ibikosorwa nk'uko bisabwa na gasutamo kugeza igihe ibisabwa bizujujwe.
Intambwe ya 4: Kuraho ibirego byose byishyuwe
Ibiciro byo gutwara ibintu mu kirere bikubiyemo amafaranga atandukanye arenze ikiguzi cyo gutwara ibintu mu kirere gusa. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo:
- Amafaranga yo gucunga ibicuruzwa (ikiguzi cyo gucunga ibicuruzwa mu buryo nyabwo).
- Amafaranga yo kwishyura imisoro kuri gasutamo
- Amasoko n'imisoro
- Amafaranga yo kubika (niba imizigo idafatiwe mu gihe cyo kubika ku kibuga cy'indege ku buntu)
- Inyongera ku mutekano, n'ibindi.
Ni ngombwa kwishyura aya mafaranga mbere yo kujya mu bubiko bw'ikibuga cy'indege kugira ngo hirindwe gutinda.
Intambwe ya 5: Gutanga ibicuruzwa ku misoro no kubifatira ku isoko
Iyo imisoro ya gasutamo imaze kurangira kandi amafaranga amaze kwishyurwa, ushobora gufata ibicuruzwa byawe mu bubiko bwabigenewe. Jya kuri "Aderesi y'ububiko bw'imisoro" ku itangazo ryo kuhagera cyangwa ku irekurwa rya gasutamo (ubusanzwe ububiko bugenzurwa ku kibuga cy'indege cyangwa ububiko bw'indege bwite). Zana "Itangazo ryo gusohora ibicuruzwa," "Inyemezabwishyu," na "Inyandiko y'umwirondoro" kugira ngo ufate imizigo yawe.
Iyo uhaye umukozi ushinzwe gutwara imizigo uburenganzira bwo kwishyura ibicuruzwa, umukozi ushinzwe gutwara imizigo azaguha itegeko ryo kubigeza (D/O) nyuma yo kwemeza ko wishyuye. Iki ni icyemezo cyawe cyo kubigeza. AD/O ni amabwiriza yemewe n'umukozi ushinzwe gutwara imizigo mu bubiko bw'indege amwemerera kukugezaho imizigo runaka (uwabigutumiye).
Intambwe ya 6: Gutwara imizigo
Ufite itegeko ryo kurekura ibicuruzwa mu ntoki, uwoherejwe ashobora kujya ahantu habigenewe gufata imizigo ye. Ni byiza ko habaho uburyo bwo gutwara imizigo bukwiye mbere y'igihe, cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa binini. Uwoherejwe agomba kandi kugenzura ko afite abakozi bahagije bo gutwara imizigo, kuko hari aho imodoka zimwe na zimwe zishobora kudatanga ubufasha. Mbere yo kuva mu bubiko, banza ubare ibicuruzwa kandi urebe neza aho bipakiye kugira ngo urebe niba hari ibimenyetso by'ibyangiritse.
Inama z'umwuga kugira ngo ubone uburambe butagira ingorane
Vugana hakiri kare: Ha umucuruzi wawe amakuru nyayo yo kuguhamagara kugira ngo umenye neza ko wakira amatangazo yo kuhagera ku gihe.
Kwirinda ikiguzi cyo kugabanya ibiciro: Ibibuga by'indege bitanga igihe gito cyo kubika ku buntu (ubusanzwe amasaha 24-48). Nyuma y'ibyo, hazakurikizwa amafaranga yo kubika buri munsi. Teganya ko bizafatwa vuba bishoboka nyuma yo kubimenyeshwa.
Igenzura ry'ububiko: Niba ubonye ibyangiritse bigaragara ku bicuruzwa cyangwa aho bipakirwa, nyamuneka bimenyeshe abakozi b'ububiko ako kanya mbere yo kugenda kandi utange icyemezo kidasanzwe kigaragaza ibyangiritse ku bicuruzwa.
Uburyo bwo gutwara imizigo ku kibuga cy'indege bushobora koroha iyo uwayizanye yiteguye neza kandi asobanukiwe intambwe zikenewe. Senghor Logistics nk'umucuruzi wawe wihariye wo gutwara imizigo, intego yacu ni ukuguha serivisi nziza yo gutwara imizigo mu kirere no kukuyobora mu nzira yo kuyitwara.
Ese imizigo yiteguye koherezwa? Vugana n'ikipe yacu uyu munsi.
Niba udashaka gutwara abantu ku kibuga cy'indege, ushobora no kubaza amakuru yacu ku bijyanye n'ibyoinzu ku yindiserivisi. Tuzagenzura ko ufite amakuru yose akenewe n'inkunga kugira ngo kohereza ibicuruzwa bigende neza kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza mu mpera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 26 Nzeri 2025
