Zithini iimeko zokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlu ngendlu?
Ukongeza kwimigaqo yokuthumela eqhelekileyo efana ne-EXW kunye ne-FOB,umnyango nomnyangoUkuthunyelwa kwempahla kukwayindlela ethandwayo kubathengi beSenghor Logistics. Phakathi kwabo, ukungena indlu ngendlu kwahlulwe kathathu: i-DDU, i-DDP, kunye ne-DAP. Amagama ahlukeneyo ahlulahlula uxanduva lwamaqela ngokwahlukeneyo.
Imigaqo ye-DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid):
Inkcazo kunye nobubanzi boxanduva:Amagama e-DDU athetha ukuba umthengisi uzisa iimpahla kumthengi kwindawo emiselweyo ngaphandle kokudlula kwiinkqubo zokungenisa okanye ukukhulula iimpahla kwisithuthi sokuhambisa, oko kukuthi, ukuhanjiswa kugqityiwe. Kwinkonzo yokuthumela impahla emnyango nomnyango, umthengisi uya kuthwala umthwalo kunye nomngcipheko wokuthumela iimpahla kwindawo emiselweyo yelizwe elingenisayo, kodwa iirhafu zokungenisa impahla kunye nezinye iirhafu ziya kuthwalwa ngumthengi.
Umzekelo, xa umenzi wezixhobo ze-elektroniki waseTshayina ethumela iimpahla kumthengi e-i-USA, xa kwamkelwa imiqathango ye-DDU, umenzi waseTshayina unoxanduva lokuthumela iimpahla ngolwandle kwindawo echazwe ngumthengi waseMelika (umenzi waseTshayina angathemba umthumeli wempahla ukuba athwale uxanduva lwakhe). Nangona kunjalo, umthengi waseMelika kufuneka adlule kwiinkqubo zokususwa kwerhafu yokungenisa impahla aze ahlawule iirhafu zokungenisa impahla ngokwakhe.
Umahluko kwi-DDP:Umahluko omkhulu ulele kwiqela elinoxanduva lokucoca irhafu yokungenisa impahla kunye neerhafu. Phantsi kwe-DDU, umthengi unoxanduva lokucoca irhafu yokungenisa impahla kunye nentlawulo yemisebenzi, ngelixa phantsi kwe-DDP, umthengisi unoxanduva olu. Oku kwenza i-DDU ifaneleke ngakumbi xa abanye abathengi befuna ukulawula inkqubo yokucoca irhafu yokungenisa impahla ngokwabo okanye beneemfuno ezikhethekileyo zokucoca impahla. Ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza kunokuthathwa njengenkonzo ye-DDU ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kunye nabathengi abathumela iimpahla ngeuloyiko lomoya or imithwalo yolwandlerhoqo ukhetha inkonzo ye-DDU.
Imigaqo ye-DDP (Delivered Duty Payed):
Inkcazo kunye nobubanzi bemisebenzi:I-DDP imele i-Delivered Duty Paid. Eli gama lithi umthengisi unoxanduva olukhulu kwaye kufuneka azise iimpahla kwindawo yomthengi (njengomzi-mveliso womthengi okanye indawo yokugcina impahla yomthumeli) aze ahlawule zonke iindleko, kuquka iirhafu zokungenisa impahla kunye neerhafu. Umthengisi unoxanduva lwazo zonke iindleko kunye nemingcipheko yokuthutha impahla ukuya kwindawo yomthengi, kuquka iirhafu zokuthumela impahla ngaphandle kunye nezokungenisa impahla, iirhafu kunye nokucocwa kwerhafu. Umthengi unoxanduva oluncinci kuba kufuneka kuphela afumane iimpahla kwindawo ekuvunyelwene ngayo.
Umzekelo, umthengisi wezixhobo zeemoto waseTshayina uthumela kwi-UKinkampani yokungenisa impahla. Xa kusetyenziswa imiqathango ye-DDP, umthengisi waseTshayina unoxanduva lokuthumela impahla ukusuka kumzi-mveliso waseTshayina ukuya kwindawo yokugcina impahla yomthumeli wase-UK, kubandakanya ukuhlawula irhafu yokungenisa impahla e-UK kunye nokugqiba zonke iinkqubo zokungenisa impahla. (Abathumeli impahla nabathumeli impahla banokuthemba abathumeli bempahla ukuba bayigqibezele.)
I-DDP iluncedo kakhulu kubathengi abakhetha amava angenangxaki kuba akufuneki bajongane nerhafu okanye iifizi ezongezelelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, abathengisi kufuneka baqaphele imithetho yokungenisa impahla kunye neefizi kwilizwe lomthengi ukuze baphephe iifizi ezingalindelekanga.
I-DAP (Ifikelelwe kwindawo):
Inkcazo kunye nobubanzi bemisebenzi:I-DAP imele igama elithi “Delivered at Place.” Phantsi kweli gama, umthengisi unoxanduva lokuthumela iimpahla kwindawo ethile, de iimpahla zifumaneke ukuze zithulwe ngumthengi kwindawo ethile (njengomnyango wendlu yokugcina impahla yomthumeli). Kodwa umthengi unoxanduva lwerhafu yokungenisa impahla kunye neerhafu. Umthengisi kufuneka alungiselele ukuthutha impahla ukuya kwindawo ekuvunyelwene ngayo aze athwale zonke iindleko kunye neengozi de impahla ifike kuloo ndawo. Umthengi unoxanduva lokuhlawula nayiphi na irhafu yokungenisa impahla, irhafu, kunye neentlawulo zokucoca impahla xa impahla ifika.
Umzekelo, umthengisi wefenitshala waseTshayina utyikitya isivumelwano se-DAP nenkampaniwaseKhanadaUmthengisi wempahla waseTshayina kufuneka abe noxanduva lokuthumela ifenitshala esuka kumzi-mveliso waseTshayina ngolwandle ukuya kwindawo yokugcina impahla emiselwe ngumthengisi wempahla waseKhanada.
I-DAP yindawo ephakathi kwe-DDU kunye ne-DDP. Ivumela abathengisi ukuba balawule ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ngelixa benika abathengi ulawulo lwenkqubo yokungenisa impahla. Amashishini afuna ulawulo oluthile kwiindleko zokungenisa impahla adla ngokuthanda eli gama.
Uxanduva lokucoca irhafu:Umthengisi unoxanduva lokukhupha impahla evela kwamanye amazwe, kwaye umthengi unoxanduva lokukhupha impahla evela kwamanye amazwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa impahla ithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe esuka kwizibuko laseTshayina, umthengisi kufuneka adlule kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe; kwaye xa impahla ifika kwizibuko laseKhanada, umthengisi unoxanduva lokugqiba iinkqubo zokukhupha impahla evela kwamanye amazwe, njengokuhlawula iirhafu zokungenisa impahla kunye nokufumana iilayisenisi zokungenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe.
La magama mathathu angasentla okuthunyelwa kwempahla emnyango nomnyango angaphathwa ngabathumeli bempahla, nto leyo ekwayintsingiselo yokuthunyelwa kwempahla:ukunceda abathumeli kunye nabathumeli bamanye amazwe ukuba bahlule imisebenzi yabo kwaye bahambise iimpahla kwindawo abaya kuyo ngexesha nangokukhuselekileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-03-2024
