Umthelela wokuminyana kwamachweba esikhathini sokuthumela kanye nendlela abathumeli abafanele baphendule ngayo
Ukuminyana kwechweba kwandisa ngqo ukuthunyelwa ngesikhathi esifanele ngezinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezingama-30 (okungaba isikhathi eside ngezikhathi ezimatasa noma ukuminyana okukhulu). Imiphumela eyinhloko ifaka phakathi izindawo ezifana "nokulinda lapho kufika," "ukulayisha nokuthulula okubambezelekile," kanye "nokuxhumana okunqamukile." Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga kudinga ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga ngezindawo ezibalulekile ezifana "nokugwema okusebenzayo," "ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo," kanye "nokuxhumana okulungiselelwe."
Manje sizochaza ngokuningiliziwe, sinethemba lokuthi sizoba usizo kuwe.
Ukuqonda Izimbangela Eziyinhloko Zokuminyana Kwechweba
1. Ukwanda okukhulu kwesidingo sabathengi:
Ukwehla komnotho ngemva kobhubhane, kanye nokushintsha kokusetshenziswa kwemali kusuka ezinkonzweni kuya ezimpahleni, kudale ukwanda okungakaze kubonwe kokungeniswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi kui-America esenyakathofuthiIYurophu.
2. Ukuqubuka kwe-COVID-19 kanye nokuntuleka kwabasebenzi:
Amachweba ayimisebenzi edinga abantu abaningi. Izinqubo ze-COVID-19, ukuvalelwa emakhaya, kanye nokugula kuholele ekushodeni okukhulu kwabasebenzi basezikhumulweni zemikhumbi, abashayeli bamaloli, kanye nabasebenzi bezitimela.
3. Ingqalasizinda enganele yezindlela zokushintshana kwezomnotho:
Uhambo lwesikhonteyina alupheli echwebeni. Ukuminyana kuvame ukushintshela emaphandleni. Ukuntuleka okungapheli kwe-chassis (ama-trailer athwala izikhonteyina), imikhawulo yomthamo wesitimela, kanye namayadi ezikhonteyina agcwele ngokweqile kusho ukuthi noma umkhumbi ungathululwanga, isikhonteyina asinandawo yokuya. Lesi "sikhathi sokuhlala" sezikhonteyina echwebeni siyisilinganiso esiyinhloko sokuminyana.
4. Ukuhlela Izitsha kanye Nomphumela "Wokubuthana":
Emzamweni wokubuyisela amashejuli, abathwali bavame ukuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu baye echwebeni elilandelayo. Lokhu kuholela "ekuhlanganiseni kwemikhumbi," lapho imikhumbi eminingi emikhulu ifika khona ngesikhathi esisodwa, okwenza ichweba lingakwazi ukuyiphatha yonke. Lokhu kudala umugqa wemikhumbi elinde echwebeni—umbono ojwayelekile manje wemikhumbi eminingi eseduze nogu lwase-e-Los Angeles, eLong Beach, naseRotterdam.
5. Ukungalingani okuqhubekayo kwempahla:
Ukungalingani kwezohwebo emhlabeni wonke kusho ukuthi ama-container amaningi agcwele afika emazweni abathengi kunalawo athunyelwa ngaphandle. Lokhu kuholela ekushodeni kwama-container angenalutho ezindaweni zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe zase-Asia, okwenza inqubo yokubhuka ibe nzima nakakhulu futhi kulibazise ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Imiphumela Eyinhloko Yokuminyana Kwechweba Esikhathini Sokuthunyelwa Kwezimpahla
1. Ukulala isikhathi eside ngemva kokufika:
Lapho ifika, imikhumbi ingase ibhekane nezikhathi zokulinda ezinde ngenxa yokushoda kwezindawo zokulala. Ezikhumulweni ezidumile neziminyene (njengeLos Angeles neSingapore), izikhathi zokulinda zingafinyelela ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-15 noma ngaphezulu, okwandise ngqo umjikelezo wokuhamba jikelele.
2. Ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokulayisha nokulayisha:
Uma amayadi echweba egcwele imithwalo, ukutholakala kwama-crane e-quay kanye nama-forklift kulinganiselwe, okunciphisa ijubane lokulayisha nokukhulula impahla. Lokho okungase kuthathe usuku olulodwa kuya kwezimbili kungadlulela ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu ngesikhathi sokuminyana.
3. Ukubambezeleka kweketanga ezixhumanisini ezilandelayo:
Ukulibaziseka kokulayisha nokulayisha impahla kuholela ekulibazisekeni kokususwa kwezimpahla. Uma isikhathi sokugcina impahla samahhala echwebeni sidluliwe, kuzokhokhwa imali yokunciphisa izindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungathinta ukuxhumana okulandelayo kwezokuthutha komhlaba, kwandise kakhulu ukulahlekelwa yisikhathi sokulethwa.
4. Ukuphazamiseka Kweshejuli:
Ukuminyana kuvimbela imikhumbi ukuthi ifike emachwebeni alandelayo njengoba kwakuhleliwe ekuqaleni. Izinkampani zokuthumela zingase zilungise imizila, zihlanganise amashejuli, noma zilahle izitsha, okubangela ukubambezeleka kwesibili kukho konke ukuthunyelwa.
Abathumeli kufanele babhekane kanjani nokuminyana kwamachweba?
1. Hlela Kusenesikhathi
Abathumeli bezimpahla bangaxhumana nabathumeli bezimpahla ukuze balinganisele ukubambezeleka okungenzeka futhi balungise izinhlelo zabo ze-oda ngokufanele. Lokhu kungadinga ukwandisa uhlu lwezinto ezikhona ukuze kubhekane nokuphazamiseka okungalindelekile.
2. Hlukanisa imizila yokuthumela
Ukuthembela echwebeni elilodwa noma emzileni wokuthumela impahla kubeka abathumeli ezingozini ezinkulu. Ngokuhlukanisa imizila nokucabangela ezinye izindawo zokuthumela impahla, unganciphisa izingozi zokuminyana kwempahla. Lokhu kungafaka ukubambisana nabathumeli bempahla ukuthola izindawo zokuthumela impahla ezingaminyananga kakhulu noma ukuhlola izinketho zokuhamba ezisebenzisa izindlela eziningi.
Beka phambili imizila yokuthumela eqondile noma amachweba ahlukile anamathuba amancane okuminyana (isib., gwema iLos Angeles bese ukhetha iLong Beach; gwema iSingapore bese ukhetha iPort Klang njengezokuthutha) ukuze unciphise ukuminyana kwamachweba.
Gwema izinkathi zokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezisezingeni eliphezulu (isb., izinyanga ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kukaKhisimusi emizileni yaseYurophu naseMelika, kanye nasebusuku boNyaka Omusha waseShayina). Uma ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ngesikhathi sezinga eliphezulu kungenakugwenywa, bhukha isikhala okungenani amasonto ama-2 kusengaphambili ukuze uvale isikhala sokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla kanye nezinhlelo zokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla.
3. Ukusebenzisana nabathuthi bempahla
Khetha umthengisi wezimpahla oxhumene kakhulu nomthengisi: Abathumeli bezimpahla abanomthamo omkhulu nobudlelwano obuseduze banamathuba amancane okuthi imithwalo yabo ivalwe futhi bayakwazi kangcono ukuvikela isikhala. Abathumeli bezimpahla banokuxhumana okubanzi futhi banganikeza izixazululo ezahlukahlukene, njengokuthumela okusheshayo noma ukukhetha abathumeli abahlukene.
LungelaIzindleko Ezingeziwe Zesizini Ephakeme (i-PSS)kanye Nezindleko Zokuminyana: Lezi manje seziyingxenye ehlala njalo yendawo yokuthumela impahla. Zibekele isabelomali esifanele futhi usebenzisane nomthumeli wakho ukuze uqonde ukuthi zisetshenziswa nini.
4. Landela eduze izimpahla ngemva kokuhamba
Ngemva kokuthunyelwa, landelela isimo somkhumbi ngesikhathi sangempela (ngewebhusayithi yenkampani yokuthumela, izikhumbuzo zokuthunyelwa kwempahla, njll.) ukuze wazi isikhathi sokufika esilinganiselwe kusenesikhathi. Uma kulindelekile ukuthi kube nokuminyana, yazisa ngokushesha umthengisi wakho wempahla echwebeni oya kulo noma kumuntu othumela impahla yakho ukuze alungiselele ukuvunyelwa kwempahla.
Uma uphatha ukuvunyelwa kwempahla yentela ngokwakho, lungiselela amadokhumenti aphelele okuvunyelwa kusengaphambili (uhlu lokupakisha, i-invoyisi, isitifiketi semvelaphi, njll.) bese uthumela isimemezelo sangaphambi kokuba izimpahla zifike echwebeni ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwempahla yentela futhi ugweme umthelela ohlangene wokubambezeleka kwempahla yentela kanye nokuminyana kwempahla yentela.
5. Vumela isikhathi esanele sokulondoloza
Uma uxhumana ngezinhlelo zokuthutha nomthengisi wezimpahla, udinga ukuvumela izinsuku ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-15 ezengeziwe zesikhathi sokuminyana kwempahla ngaphezu kweshejuli evamile yokuthumela.
Ngezimpahla eziphuthumayo, "imithwalo yolwandle + ukuthutha ngendiza"Imodeli ingasetshenziswa. Ukuthunyelwa ngendiza kuqinisekisa ukulethwa kwezimpahla ezibalulekile ngesikhathi, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa ngemikhumbi kunciphisa izindleko zezimpahla ezingaphuthumi, kulinganisela ukuhambisana nesikhathi nezidingo zezindleko.
Ukuminyana kwamachweba akuyona into ephazamisayo yesikhashana; kuyisibonakaliso sezintambo zokuhlinzeka zomhlaba wonke ezisebenza ngaphezu kwamandla azo. Ikusasa lidinga ukucaca, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokubambisana.I-Senghor Logistics ayigcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokubhukha amakhonteyina, kodwa sizibophezele ekwakheni izintambo zokuhlinzeka eziqinile. Sinezivumelwano nezinkampani zokuthumela impahla ukuqinisekisa indawo namanani, sikunikeze izixazululo zezokuthutha ezisebenzayo ngezikhathi zokuthumela ezimatasa. Xhumana nathi ukuze uthole izingxoxo ezenzelwe wena kanye nezinkomba zakamuva zamanani okuthutha impahla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-28-2025
