Iyini imigomo yokuthunyelwa kwendlu ngendlu?
Ngaphezu kwemibandela yokuthumela evamile njenge-EXW kanye ne-FOB,umnyango nomnyangoUkuthunyelwa kwempahla nakho kuyindlela ethandwayo kumakhasimende e-Senghor Logistics. Phakathi kwabo, ukuya endlini ngendlu kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu: i-DDU, i-DDP, kanye ne-DAP. Amagama ahlukene nawo ahlukanisa imithwalo yemfanelo yamaqembu ngendlela ehlukile.
Imigomo ye-DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid):
Incazelo kanye nobubanzi bomthwalo wemfanelo:Amagama e-DDU asho ukuthi umthengisi uletha izimpahla kumthengi endaweni eqokiwe ngaphandle kokudlula ezinqubweni zokungenisa noma ukukhulula izimpahla emotweni yokulethwa, okungukuthi, ukulethwa sekuqediwe. Ensizeni yokuthumela indlu ngendlu, umthengisi uzothwala umthwalo kanye nengozi yokuthumela izimpahla endaweni eqokiwe yezwe elingenisa impahla, kodwa intela yokungenisa kanye nezinye izintela kuzothwalwa ngumthengi.
Isibonelo, lapho umkhiqizi wemishini kagesi waseShayina ethumela izimpahla kumakhasimende e-I-USA, lapho kwamukelwa imigomo ye-DDU, umenzi waseShayina unesibopho sokuthumela izimpahla ngomkhumbi endaweni eqokwe yikhasimende laseMelika (umenzi waseShayina angaphathisa umthumeli wezimpahla ukuthi aphathe). Kodwa-ke, ikhasimende laseMelika kudingeka lidlule ezinqubweni zokukhishwa kwentela yokungenisa impahla futhi likhokhele intela yokungenisa impahla yedwa.
Umehluko ku-DDP:Umehluko omkhulu useqenjini elinomthwalo wemfanelo wokukhishwa kwentela yokungenisa kanye nentela. Ngaphansi kwe-DDU, umthengi unesibopho sokukhishwa kwentela yokungenisa kanye nokukhokhwa kwentela, kuyilapho ngaphansi kwe-DDP, umthengisi enesibopho sale mithwalo yemfanelo. Lokhu kwenza i-DDU ifaneleke kakhulu lapho abanye abathengi befuna ukulawula inqubo yokukhishwa kwentela yokungenisa ngokwabo noma benezidingo ezikhethekile zokukhishwa kwentela. Ukulethwa okusheshayo kungabhekwa njengesevisi ye-DDU ngezinga elithile, kanye namakhasimende athumela izimpahla ngeukuthutha ngendiza or imithwalo yolwandlengokuvamile ukhetha isevisi ye-DDU.
Imigomo ye-DDP (Delivered Duty Payed):
Incazelo kanye nobubanzi bemithwalo yemfanelo:I-DDP imele i-Delivered Duty Paid. Leli gama lithi umthengisi unesibopho esikhulu futhi kumele alethe izimpahla endaweni yomthengi (njengefektri yomthengi noma indawo yokugcina impahla yomthumeli) futhi akhokhe zonke izindleko, okuhlanganisa intela yokungenisa impahla kanye nezintela. Umthengisi unesibopho sazo zonke izindleko kanye nezingozi zokuthutha izimpahla ziye endaweni yomthengi, okuhlanganisa intela yokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe kanye neyokungenisa impahla, izintela kanye nokuvunyelwa kwempahla. Umthengi unesibopho esincane njengoba edinga kuphela ukuthola izimpahla endaweni okuvunyelwene ngayo.
Isibonelo, umhlinzeki wezingxenye zezimoto waseShayina uthumela ku-UKinkampani yokungenisa impahla. Uma usebenzisa imigomo ye-DDP, umhlinzeki waseShayina unesibopho sokuthumela izimpahla zisuka efektri yaseShayina ziye endaweni yokugcina impahla yokungenisa impahla e-UK, okuhlanganisa nokukhokha intela yokungenisa impahla e-UK kanye nokuqedela zonke izinqubo zokungenisa impahla. (Abangenisi nabathumela impahla kwamanye amazwe bangaphathisa abathuthi bempahla ukuthi bayiqedele.)
I-DDP inenzuzo enkulu kubathengi abakhetha isipiliyoni esingenazinkinga ngoba akudingeki babhekane nemithetho yentela noma izimali ezengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, abathengisi kumele baqaphele imithethonqubo yokungenisa kanye nemali ezweni lomthengi ukuze bagweme izimali ezingalindelekile.
I-DAP (Ilethwe Endaweni):
Incazelo kanye nobubanzi bemithwalo yemfanelo:I-DAP imele ukuthi “Kulethwe Endaweni.” Ngaphansi kwaleli gama, umthengisi unesibopho sokuthumela izimpahla endaweni ethile, kuze kube yilapho izimpahla zitholakala ukuze zithululwe ngumthengi endaweni ekhethiwe (njengomnyango wendlu yokugcina impahla yomthumeli). Kodwa umthengi unesibopho sentela yokungenisa impahla kanye nezintela. Umthengisi kumele ahlele ukuthuthwa aye endaweni okuvunyelwene ngayo futhi athwale zonke izindleko kanye nezingozi kuze kube yilapho izimpahla zifika kuleyo ndawo. Umthengi unesibopho sokukhokha noma yimiphi intela yokungenisa impahla, izintela, kanye nemali yokukhishwa kwempahla uma ukuthunyelwa kufika.
Isibonelo, umthengisi wefenisha waseShayina usayina inkontileka ye-DAP ne-IsiKhanadaumngenisi. Khona-ke umthengisi waseShayina kudingeka abe nesibopho sokuthumela ifenisha isuka efektri yaseShayina ngomkhumbi iye endaweni yokugcina impahla eqokwe umngenisi waseCanada.
I-DAP iyindawo ephakathi kwe-DDU ne-DDP. Ivumela abathengisi ukuphatha izinto zokulethwa ngenkathi inikeza abathengi ukulawula inqubo yokungenisa. Amabhizinisi afuna ukulawula izindleko zokungenisa avame ukukhetha leli gama.
Umthwalo wemfanelo wokukhishwa kwentela:Umthengisi unesibopho sokukhishwa kwentela yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, kanti umthengi unesibopho sokukhishwa kwentela yokungenisa kwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ethumela kwamanye amazwe esuka echwebeni laseShayina, umthengisi kudingeka adlule kuzo zonke izinqubo zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe; futhi uma izimpahla zifika echwebeni laseCanada, umthengisi unesibopho sokuqeda izinqubo zokukhishwa kwentela yokungenisa kwamanye amazwe, njengokukhokha amanani okungenisa kanye nokuthola amalayisense okungenisa kwamanye amazwe.
Imibandela emithathu engenhla yokuthumela impahla endlini ngendlu ingaphathwa ngabathumeli bempahla, okubuye kube ukubaluleka kokuthunyelwa kwempahla yethu:ukusiza abathumeli kanye nabathumeli bamazwe angaphandle bahlukanise imisebenzi yabo futhi bahambise izimpahla endaweni abaya kuyo ngesikhathi nangokuphepha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-03-2024
