Kuki gupfuka imyanda ari ngombwa mu gupakira ibiti mu bwikorezi mpuzamahanga?
Nk'umucuruzi w'imizigo ufite uburambe mu bijyanye n'ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga, bamwe mu bakiriya bacu bize iri somo: nyuma y'uko ibicuruzwa bigeze ku cyambu cyoherezwa mu nyanja, gasutamo yanga kurekurwa kuko ibipfunyika by'ibiti bitaravangwa n'imiti, bigatuma bitinda kwakira, amafaranga y'inyongera nko kugabanya ibiciro, ndetse n'ibyago byo gusubizwa cyangwa kwangirika. Abatumiza ibicuruzwa benshi barashobewe: kuki gupfunyika by'imiti bikenewe mu gupfunyika mu mbaho mu mahangaimizigo yo mu mazi?
Mu by’ukuri, mu gutwara imizigo mu mazi mpuzamahanga, hafi ya yose mu mbaho zikomeye zigomba gupakirwagutwikano gushyiraho ikimenyetso cya IPPC. Ibi si ibisabwa by'inyongera ku batwara imizigo, ahubwo ni itegeko ryemewe ku isi ryose ryo gushyira mu kato. Inganda nyinshi cyangwa abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, bitewe no kutabimenya, birengagiza gupfunyika ibipfunyika mu mbaho, bigatuma ibicuruzwa bifungwa, bigasubizwa, bigacibwa amande ku cyambu cy’aho bijya, bigatera igihombo kinini.
Hanyuma, tuzasobanura neza impamvu zo gupfuka imyanda mu biti.
1. Impamvu y'ingenzi: Kurinda ikwirakwira ry'ibinyabuzima byangiza mu buryo bwambukiranya imipaka
Intego y'ibanze yo gupfuka ibiti mu buryo bw'imiti ni ukurandura udukoko twangiza (nk'amagi y'udukoko, inseri, imiyoboro y'ibiti, ibihumyo, n'inzoka zo mu giti) byihishe mu biti karemano no gukumira ko byakwirakwira mu buryo bwambukiranya imipaka binyuze mu gutwara abantu mu mazi. Ibiti karemano bikoreshwa mu gupfuka—nk'amapaleti, amasanduku, inkingi, n'ibiti—bikunze guturuka mu mashyamba yo mu gasozi cyangwa mu mirima kandi byoroshye gutwara udukoko n'udukoko dutandukanye mu gihe cyo gutunganya no kubika.
Izi nyamaswa zangiza zishobora kutagira ikibazo mu gace zituyemo kuko zifite abanzi karemano bo kuzibuza kororoka. Ariko, iyo zimaze kwinjira mu gihugu gishya cyangwa mu karere zipakiye ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, zitakaza ububasha bw'abanzi bazo karemano, zikororoka vuba, kandi zangiza cyane umutungo w'amashyamba yo mu gace zituyemo, umusaruro w'ubuhinzi, n'ibidukikije.
Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga yo Kurinda Ibimera (IPPC) yasohoye Amahame Mpuzamahanga y’Ibipimo by’Ubuziranenge No. 15 (ISPM 15) mu 2002, ari yo Mabwiriza yo Gucunga Ibikoresho byo Gupfunyika Ibiti mu Bucuruzi Mpuzamahanga. Aya mahame yemejwe n’ibihugu byinshi ku isi, harimoUmuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Kanada, OsitaraliyanaNouvelle-Zélande, kandi yabaye umurongo ngenderwaho ku isi yose wo gushyira mu kato ibipfunyika by'ibiti mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
2. Kwemeza ko ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bukorwa neza
Gukoresha ibinyabiziga bivanze n'ibinyabutabire nk'igipimo gisanzwe kandi cyemewe ku isi hose cyo koroshya ubucuruzi. Mu kubahiriza ISPM 15, abohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga n'abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bashobora kwimura ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwizewe bakabyambutsa imipaka bazi neza ko ibyo bapakira byujuje ibisabwa n'abafatanyabikorwa mu bucuruzi. Uku guhuza ibintu byoroshya imicungire y'ibintu, kugabanya ibintu bitazwi, kandi bigatera icyizere mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
3. Gutanga uburenganzira bwo kwishyura imisoro mu buryo bunoze
Inzego zishinzwe gasutamo n'akato zigenzura ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa kugira ngo zirebe niba byujuje amabwiriza agenga ubuvuzi bw'ibimera. Niba ibicuruzwa byawe birimo ibipfunyika by'ibiti bitavuwe cyangwa bitakurikije amategeko, bishobora kuba:
Bifatiwe kugira ngo bigenzurwe;
Gukoresha imiti ihumanya aho hantu (ku giciro cyo hejuru);
Byashenywe cyangwa byongeye koherezwa mu mahanga.
Gusukura neza bitanga uburenganzira bwo gusukura vuba kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kwishyurwa amafaranga atunguranye.
4. Rinda ibicuruzwa byawe
Gukoresha ibinyabutabire bikingira ibicuruzwa byawe kwangirika guterwa n'udukoko tubikuraho. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku bikoresho nk'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu birimo ibipfunyika by'imbaho byo hanze.
Gukoresha imiti ihumanya ikirere (Fumigation) ni ryari bikenewe?
Gukoresha imiti ihumanya ikirere (cyangwa ubundi buryo bwemewe bwo kuvura) muri rusange ni ngombwa iyo:
Ibicuruzwa bipakirwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho by'ibiti bikomeye;
Amapaki y'ibiti, amasanduku, cyangwa ibishyigikizo birakoreshwa;
Igiti gifite ubunini burenze mm 6.
Ariko, gutwika si ngombwa kuri:
Amapaleti ya pulasitiki; mgupakira ibintu byose; eibikoresho by'imbaho byakozwe mu buryo bwa ikoranabuhanga nka plywood, MDF, cyangwa particle board.
Inama z'ingirakamaro ku batumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga
Kugenzura mbere y'igihe ko amategeko yubahirizwa:Menya neza ko umutanga serivisi cyangwa umutanga serivisi z'ibikoresho yemeje ko ibikoresho byose bipfunyika mu mbaho byujuje ibisabwa na ISPM 15.
Vugana neza:Ganira n'abashinzwe gutwara imizigo cyangwa abakora ibicuruzwa byawe mu ntangiriro z'igenamigambi kugira ngo wirinde gutungurwa ku munota wa nyuma.
Kora n'umukozi w'umwuga wo gutwara imizigo:Umukozi w’inzobere mu gutwara imizigo ashobora kugufasha kugenzura niba ipaki y’ibiti yujuje ibisabwa, akakwibutsa ibisabwa mu gutwika imyanda ku cyambu cy’aho ujya, no gutanga serivisi zo guhagarara rimwe nko mu kigo gishinzwe gutwika imyanda, kugira ngo wirinde ibyago biterwa n’ibikorwa bitari iby’umwuga.
Bika inyandiko:Hari ibihugu bimwe bisaba icyemezo cyo gufunga cyangwa gutanga icyemezo cyo gupakira nubwo ibiti byaba byarashyizweho ikimenyetso.
Senghor Logistics izasuzuma urutonde rw'ibicuruzwa byawe hanyuma yemeze imiterere yabyo hamwe nawe.Niba ibicuruzwa cyangwa ipaki yo hanze irimo ibiti bikomeye cyangwa imigano, tuzakwibutsa ko hakenewe uburyo bwo gutunganya ifumbire kandi ko hagomba gutangwa icyemezo cyo gutwika ifumbire kugira ngo habeho isuku ku buryo bworoshye kuri gasutamo.
(Igisubizo cy'umukiriya wo muri Ositaraliya)
Gupfuka ibikoresho by'imbaho bikoreshwa mu gutwara imizigo mu mazi mpuzamahanga ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga umutekano w'ibinyabuzima ku isi, kugenzura ko bikurikiza amategeko, no kurengera inyungu z'ubucuruzi. Gukorana n'ibigo by'uburambe mu gutwara imizigo cyangwa ibigo bishinzwe gutwara imizigo bishobora gufasha kunoza imikorere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-18-2026
