Thaum nws los txog rau kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb, kev nkag siab txog qhov txawv ntawm FCL (Full Container Load) thiab LCL (Less than Container Load) yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov lag luam thiab cov tib neeg uas xav xa khoom. Ob qho tib si FCL thiab LCL yogkev thauj khoom hauv hiav txwvCov kev pabcuam uas cov neeg xa khoom xa tuaj muab thiab yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev xa khoom thiab kev xa khoom. Cov hauv qab no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm FCL thiab LCL hauv kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb:
1. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom:
- FCL: Kev Thauj Khoom Tag Nrho Hauv Thawv yog siv thaum qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom thauj txaus kom puv tag nrho lub thawv, lossis tsawg dua lub thawv puv. Qhov no txhais tau tias tag nrho lub thawv yog mob siab rau cov khoom thauj ntawm tus neeg xa khoom. Tus neeg xa khoom xauj tag nrho lub thawv los nqa lawv cov khoom thauj, zam kev sib xyaw nrog lwm yam khoom. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov xwm txheej uas muaj cov khoom thauj ntau, xws li cov chaw tsim khoom xa tawm cov khoom xa tuaj ntau, cov tub luam yuav cov khoom lag luam ntau, lossis cov neeg xa khoom nrhiav cov khoom los ntawm ntau tus neeg muag khoom rausib sau ua kekev xa khoom.
- LCL: Thaum cov khoom thauj tsis puv tag nrho lub thawv, LCL (Less Container Load) siv. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom thauj ntawm tus neeg xa khoom raug muab tso ua ke nrog lwm tus neeg xa khoom cov khoom thauj kom puv tag nrho lub thawv. Cov khoom thauj ces sib koom qhov chaw hauv lub thawv thiab raug tshem tawm thaum tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj. Qhov no yog tsim los rau cov khoom xa tuaj me me, feem ntau ntawm 1 thiab 15 cubic meters ib qho khoom xa tuaj. Piv txwv li suav nrog cov khoom me me los ntawm cov tuam txhab pib tshiab lossis cov xaj me me los ntawm cov tub luam me thiab nruab nrab.
Lus Cim:Feem ntau 15 cubic meters yog kab faib. Yog tias qhov ntim loj dua 15 CBM, nws tuaj yeem xa los ntawm FCL, thiab yog tias qhov ntim me dua 15 CBM, nws tuaj yeem xa los ntawm LCL. Tau kawg, yog tias koj xav siv tag nrho lub thawv los thauj koj cov khoom, qhov ntawd kuj ua tau.
2. Cov xwm txheej siv tau:
-FCL: Haum rau kev xa khoom ntau ntau, xws li kev tsim khoom, cov khw muag khoom loj lossis kev lag luam khoom loj.
-LCL: Haum rau kev xa khoom me me thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom thauj, xws li cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab, kev lag luam hla ciam teb lossis cov khoom ntiag tug.
3. Kev siv nyiaj tsim nyog:
- FCL:Txawm hais tias kev xa khoom FCL yuav kim dua LCL, vim yog tus nqi "thawv puv", tus nqi yog qhov ruaj khov, feem ntau yog "kev thauj khoom thawv (them ib lub thawv, xws li kwv yees li $ 2,500 rau lub thawv 40HQ los ntawm Shenzhen mus rau New York), tus nqi tuav chaw nres nkoj (THC, them ib lub thawv), tus nqi booking, thiab tus nqi sau ntawv." Cov nqi no tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov ntim lossis qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom hauv lub thawv (tsuav yog nws poob rau hauv qhov hnyav lossis qhov ntim xav tau). Tus neeg xa khoom them rau tag nrho lub thawv, tsis hais nws puas tau thauj khoom tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg xa khoom uas sau lawv lub thawv kom puv li ntau tau yuav pom "tus nqi thauj khoom ib chav ntim qis dua."
- LCL: Rau cov khoom me me, LCL shipping feem ntau pheej yig dua vim tias cov neeg xa khoom tsuas yog them rau qhov chaw uas lawv cov khoom nyob hauv lub thawv sib koom.Tus nqi qis dua ntawm Kev Thauj Khoom Hauv Thawv (LCL) raug them raws li "qhov ntim", raws li qhov ntim lossis qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj (qhov siab dua ntawm "qhov hnyav ntim" thiab "qhov hnyav tiag tiag" yog siv rau kev xam, piv txwv li "qhov loj dua raug them"). Cov nqi no feem ntau suav nrog tus nqi thauj khoom ib-cubic-meter (piv txwv li, kwv yees li $ 20 ib CBM los ntawm chaw nres nkoj Shanghai mus rauMiamichaw nres nkoj), tus nqi LCL (raws li qhov ntim), tus nqi tuav lub davhlau ya nyob twg (raws li qhov ntim), thiab tus nqi faib khoom (them ntawm chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov chaw mus thiab raws li qhov ntim). Ntxiv mus, LCL yuav raug "tus nqi thauj khoom tsawg kawg nkaus." Yog tias qhov ntim khoom me dhau (piv txwv li, tsawg dua 1 cubic meter), cov neeg xa khoom feem ntau them "1 CBM tsawg kawg nkaus" kom tsis txhob muaj nqi ntau dhau vim yog cov khoom xa tuaj me me.
Lus Cim:Thaum them rau FCL, tus nqi ib chav ntim qis dua, uas tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg. LCL raug them ib lub cubic meter, thiab nws pheej yig dua thaum tus lej ntawm cov cubic meters me me. Tab sis qee zaum thaum tus nqi xa khoom tag nrho qis, tus nqi ntawm lub thawv yuav pheej yig dua LCL, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov khoom yuav puv lub thawv. Yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum sib piv cov lus hais ntawm ob txoj kev thaum ntsib qhov xwm txheej no.
Cia Senghor Logistics pab koj sib piv
4. Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Pheej Hmoo:
- FCL: Rau kev xa khoom puv thawv, tus neeg siv khoom muaj kev tswj hwm tag nrho rau tag nrho lub thawv, thiab cov khoom raug thauj khoom thiab kaw rau hauv lub thawv thaum pib. Qhov no txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj lossis kev cuam tshuam thaum lub sijhawm xa khoom vim tias lub thawv tseem tsis tau qhib kom txog thaum nws mus txog qhov chaw kawg.
- LCL: Hauv kev xa khoom LCL, cov khoom raug muab sib xyaw nrog lwm cov khoom, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj lossis kev poob thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom, tshem tawm thiab hloov pauv ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm txoj kev.Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, kev muaj LCL cargo yuav tsum tau "kev sib koom saib xyuas lub thawv" nrog lwm tus neeg xa khoom. Yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm kev lis kev cai ntawm kev xa khoom (xws li cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws), tag nrho lub thawv yuav raug cov neeg lis kev cai tuav ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov chaw mus, tiv thaiv lwm tus neeg xa khoom los khaws lawv cov khoom raws sijhawm thiab ua rau muaj "kev pheej hmoo ua ke."
5. Lub sijhawm xa khoom:
- FCL: Kev xa khoom FCL feem ntau muaj lub sijhawm xa khoom luv dua li kev xa khoom LCL. Qhov no yog vim tias cov thawv FCL tawm ntawm lub tsev rau khoom ntawm tus neeg muag khoom, raug khaws thiab thauj ncaj qha ntawm lub tsev rau khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd thauj mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj tawm mus tos kev thauj khoom, tshem tawm qhov xav tau kev sib sau ua ke. Thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom, FCL raug tsa ncaj qha rau ntawm lub nkoj, tshem nws tawm ntawm lub nkoj ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj, tiv thaiv kev ncua sij hawm los ntawm lwm cov khoom thauj. Thaum tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj mus, lub thawv FCL tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ncaj qha los ntawm lub nkoj mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj, cia tus neeg xa khoom lossis tus neeg sawv cev tuaj tos lub thawv tom qab ua tiav kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim no txo cov kauj ruam thiab kev hloov pauv nruab nrab, tshem tawm qhov xav tau kev tshem tawm cov thawv ntxiv. Kev xa khoom FCL feem ntau yog 3-7 hnub sai dua li LCL. Piv txwv li, los ntawmShenzhen, Suav teb mus rau Los Angeles, Tebchaws Meskas, FCL shipping feem ntau siv sijhawm12 txog 18 hnub.
- LCL:Kev xa khoom LCL yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom sib sau ua ke nrog lwm tus neeg xa khoom cov khoom. Cov neeg xa khoom lossis cov neeg muab khoom yuav tsum xa lawv cov khoom mus rau lub tsev rau khoom "LCL" uas tus neeg xa khoom xaiv (lossis tus neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem khaws cov khoom). Lub tsev rau khoom yuav tsum tos cov khoom los ntawm ntau tus neeg xa khoom tuaj txog (feem ntau siv sijhawm 1-3 hnub lossis ntev dua) ua ntej sib sau ua ke thiab ntim cov khoom. Cov teeb meem kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai lossis kev ncua sijhawm nrog txhua qhov kev xa khoom ua ntej thauj tag nrho lub thawv yuav ncua kev thauj tag nrho lub thawv. Thaum tuaj txog, lub thawv yuav tsum raug thauj mus rau lub tsev rau khoom LCL ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj mus, qhov twg cov khoom los ntawm txhua tus neeg xa khoom raug cais tawm thiab tom qab ntawd tus neeg xa khoom tau ceeb toom kom khaws cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem sib cais no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm 2-4 hnub, thiab cov teeb meem kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai nrog lwm tus neeg xa khoom cov khoom yuav cuam tshuam rau kev sau cov khoom ntawm lub thawv. Yog li ntawd, kev xa khoom LCL tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev dua. Piv txwv li, kev xa khoom LCL los ntawm Shenzhen mus rau Los Angeles feem ntau siv sijhawm15 txog 23 hnub, nrog rau kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb.
6. Kev ywj pheej thiab kev tswj hwm:
- FCL: Cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem npaj cov khoom ntim thiab kaw cov khoom ntawm lawv tus kheej, vim tias tag nrho cov thawv yog siv los thauj cov khoom.Thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm kev lis kev cai, cov neeg xa khoom tsuas yog yuav tsum tshaj tawm lawv cov khoom sib cais, yam tsis tas yuav kuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lwm tus neeg xa khoom. Qhov no ua rau cov txheej txheem yooj yim dua thiab tiv thaiv kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai los ntawm lwm tus. Tsuav yog lawv cov ntaub ntawv (xws li daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev thauj khoom, daim ntawv teev khoom, daim ntawv them nqi, thiab daim ntawv pov thawj keeb kwm) tiav lawm, kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai feem ntau ua tiav hauv 1-2 hnub. Thaum xa khoom, cov neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem tuaj tos tag nrho lub thawv ntawm chaw nres nkoj tom qab kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai, yam tsis tas yuav tos lwm cov khoom thauj. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev xa khoom sai thiab kev thauj mus los nruj tom qab (piv txwv li, ib pawg ntawmkev zoo nkaujcov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Tebchaws Meskas uas tuaj txog chaw nres nkoj thiab yuav tsum tau thauj mus rau lub Hoobkas tam sim ntawd rau kev sau thiab ntim khoom).
- LCL: LCL feem ntau yog muab los ntawm cov tuam txhab xa khoom, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib sau ua ke cov khoom ntawm ntau tus neeg siv khoom thiab thauj lawv hauv ib lub thawv.Thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm kev lis kev cai, txawm hais tias txhua tus neeg xa khoom tshaj tawm lawv cov khoom sib cais, vim tias cov khoom muaj nyob hauv tib lub thawv, yog tias kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai ntawm ib qho kev xa khoom raug ncua (piv txwv li, vim yog daim ntawv pov thawj keeb kwm ploj lossis kev sib cav sib ceg txog kev faib tawm), tag nrho lub thawv tsis tuaj yeem tso tawm los ntawm cov neeg lis kev cai. Txawm tias lwm tus neeg xa khoom tau ua tiav kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai, lawv tsis tuaj yeem khaws lawv cov khoom. Thaum khaws cov khoom, cov neeg xa khoom yuav tsum tos kom txog thaum lub thawv raug xa mus rau lub tsev rau khoom LCL thiab qhib ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem khaws lawv cov khoom. Kev qhib kuj tseem yuav tsum tau tos lub tsev rau khoom kom npaj rau cov txheej txheem qhib (uas yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm lub tsev rau khoom txoj haujlwm thiab kev nce qib ntawm lwm tus neeg xa khoom khaws). Tsis zoo li FCL, uas muab "kev khaws tam sim ntawd tom qab kev tshem tawm kev lis kev cai," qhov no txo qhov yooj ywm.
Los ntawm cov lus piav qhia saum toj no txog qhov txawv ntawm FCL thiab LCL shipping, koj puas tau nkag siab ntxiv lawm? Yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog koj cov khoom xa tuaj, thovsab laj nrog Senghor Logistics.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-23-2024
