Menene tashoshin jiragen ruwa a ƙasashen RCEP?
RCEP, ko Haɗin gwiwar Tattalin Arziki Mai Cikakken Ikon Yanki, ya fara aiki a hukumance a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2022. Fa'idodinsa sun haɓaka ci gaban ciniki a yankin Asiya da Pasifik.
Su waye abokan hulɗar RCEP?
Membobin RCEP sun haɗa daChina, Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Ostiraliya, New Zealand, da kuma ƙasashe goma na ASEAN (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, da Vietnam), jimilla ƙasashe goma sha biyar. (Ba a jera su a cikin takamaiman tsari ba)
Ta yaya RCEP ke shafar cinikin duniya?
1. Rage shingayen ciniki: Sama da kashi 90% na cinikin kayayyaki tsakanin ƙasashen membobin ƙungiyar za su kai ga babu kuɗin fito a hankali, wanda hakan zai rage yawan kuɗaɗen kasuwanci a yankin.
2. Sauƙaƙa hanyoyin ciniki: Daidaita hanyoyin kwastam da ƙa'idojin dubawa da keɓewa, haɓaka "ciniki ba tare da takarda ba," da rage lokutan share kwastam (misali, ingancin share kwastam na China ga kayayyakin ASEAN ya ƙaru da kashi 30%).
3. Tallafawa tsarin ciniki na duniya da dama: RCEP, bisa ga ka'idar "buɗewa da haɗa kai," ta rungumi tattalin arziki a matakai daban-daban na ci gaba (kamar Cambodia da Japan), tana samar da misali ga haɗin gwiwar yanki mai haɗa kai a duk duniya. Ta hanyar taimakon fasaha, ƙasashe masu tasowa suna taimaka wa ƙasashen da ba su da ci gaba (kamar Laos da Myanmar) su haɓaka ƙarfin cinikinsu da kuma rage gibin ci gaban yanki.
Shigar da RCEP cikin aiki ya ƙara yawan ciniki a yankin Asiya da Pasifik, yayin da kuma ya haifar da ƙaruwar buƙatar jigilar kaya. A nan, Senghor Logistics za ta gabatar da muhimman tashoshin jiragen ruwa a ƙasashen membobin RCEP tare da yin nazari kan fa'idodin gasa na wasu daga cikin waɗannan tashoshin jiragen ruwa.
China
Saboda ci gaban masana'antar cinikin ƙasashen waje ta China da kuma dogon tarihin kasuwancin ƙasashen duniya, China tana da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa daga kudu zuwa arewa. Shahararrun tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daShanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Qingdao, Dalian, Tianjin, da Hong Kongda sauransu, da kuma tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ke gefen Kogin Yangtze, kamarWuhan, Nanjing da Chongqing.
Kasar Sin ce ke da tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda 8 daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda 10 a duniya ta hanyar jigilar kaya, wanda hakan ke nuna karfin cinikinta.
Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta ShanghaiTana da mafi yawan hanyoyin kasuwanci na ƙasashen waje a China, tare da hanyoyin sama da 300, musamman hanyoyin da suka ci gaba sosai a yankin Pacific, Turai, da Japan-Koriya ta Kudu. A lokacin da ake yawan cunkoso, lokacin da sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa ke cunkoso, jiragen ruwa na yau da kullun na Matson Shipping CLX daga Shanghai zuwa Los Angeles suna ɗaukar kwanaki 11 kacal.
Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, wani babban tashar jiragen ruwa a yankin Delta na Kogin Yangtze, shi ma yana da ingantacciyar hanyar jigilar kaya, tare da hanyoyin jigilar kaya zuwa Turai, Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, da Ostiraliya a matsayin wuraren da ya fi so. Wurin da tashar jiragen ruwa ke da kyau yana ba da damar fitar da kayayyaki cikin sauri daga Yiwu, babban kanti na duniya.
Shenzhen Tashar jiragen ruwa, tare da Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Yantian da Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Shekou a matsayin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na shigo da kaya da fitarwa, suna Kudancin China. Tana hidima ne musamman ga hanyoyin da ke ratsa tekun Pacific, Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, da Japan-Koriya ta Kudu, wanda hakan ya sanya ta zama ɗaya daga cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa mafi cunkoso a duniya. Ta hanyar amfani da yanayin da take ciki da kuma fara amfani da RCEP, Shenzhen tana da hanyoyi da yawa masu yawan shigo da kaya da fitarwa ta teku da iska. Saboda canjin masana'antu zuwa Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya kwanan nan, yawancin ƙasashen Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya ba su da hanyoyin jigilar kaya ta teku, wanda hakan ya haifar da gagarumin jigilar kaya daga Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya zuwa Turai da Amurka ta hanyar Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Yantian.
Kamar Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Shenzhen,Tashar jiragen ruwa ta GuangzhouTana cikin Lardin Guangdong kuma tana cikin rukunin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Pearl River Delta. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Nansha tashar jiragen ruwa ce mai zurfi, tana ba da hanyoyi masu kyau zuwa Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, Afirka, Gabas ta Tsakiya, da Kudancin Amurka. Guangzhou tana da dogon tarihi na cinikayyar shigo da kaya da fitarwa, ba tare da ambaton cewa ta dauki nauyin bikin baje kolin Canton sama da 100 ba, wanda ya jawo hankalin 'yan kasuwa da yawa.
Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Xiamen, wanda ke lardin Fujian, wani ɓangare ne na rukunin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na kudu maso gabashin China, waɗanda ke hidimar Taiwan, China, Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, da yammacin Amurka. Godiya ga shigar RCEP, hanyoyin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Xiamen ta Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya suma sun bunƙasa cikin sauri. A ranar 3 ga Agusta, 2025, Maersk ta ƙaddamar da hanya kai tsaye daga Xiamen zuwa Manila, Philippines, tare da lokacin jigilar kaya na kwanaki 3 kacal.
Qingdao Port, wanda ke lardin Shandong, China, ita ce babbar tashar jiragen ruwa ta kwantena a arewacin China. Tana cikin rukunin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Bohai Rim kuma galibi tana hidimar hanyoyin zuwa Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, da kuma hanyoyin da ke ratsa Pacific. Haɗin tashar jiragen ruwanta yana kama da na Tashar Jirgin Ruwa ta Shenzhen Yantian.
Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tianjin, wanda kuma wani ɓangare ne na rukunin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Bohai Rim, yana hidimar hanyoyin jigilar kaya zuwa Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Rasha, da Tsakiyar Asiya. Dangane da Shirin Belt and Road da kuma fara aiki da RCEP, Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Tianjin ta zama babbar cibiyar jigilar kaya, tana haɗa ƙasashe kamar Vietnam, Thailand, da Malaysia.
Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Dalian, wanda ke lardin Liaoning a arewa maso gabashin China, a yankin Liaodong, yana ba da sabis na musamman ga hanyoyin zuwa Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Rasha, da Tsakiyar Asiya. Tare da karuwar ciniki da ƙasashen RCEP, labaran sabbin hanyoyin suna ci gaba da fitowa.
Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Hong Kong, wanda ke cikin yankin Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao na China, shi ma yana ɗaya daga cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa mafi yawan aiki kuma babbar cibiyar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya. Ƙara yawan ciniki da ƙasashen membobin RCEP ya kawo sabbin damammaki ga masana'antar jigilar kayayyaki ta Hong Kong.
Japan
Matsayin ƙasar Japan ya raba ta zuwa "Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Kansai" da "Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Kanto." Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Kansai ta haɗa daTashar jiragen ruwa ta Osaka da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Kobe, yayin da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa na Kanto suka haɗa daTashar jiragen ruwa ta Tokyo, tashar jiragen ruwa ta Yokohama, da tashar jiragen ruwa ta NagoyaYokohama ita ce babbar tashar jiragen ruwa a Japan.
Koriya ta Kudu
Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Koriya ta Kudu sun haɗa daTashar jiragen ruwa ta Busan, Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Incheon, Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Gunsan, Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Mokpo, da Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Pohang, tare da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Busan mafi girma.
Ya kamata a lura cewa a lokacin hutun lokacin, jiragen ruwa na jigilar kaya daga tashar jiragen ruwa ta Qingdao, China, zuwa Amurka na iya zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Busan don cike kayan da ba a cika ba, wanda hakan ke haifar da jinkiri na kwanaki da dama a inda za su je.
Ostiraliya
Ostiraliyatana tsakanin Tekun Kudancin Pacific da Tekun Indiya. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwanta sun haɗa daTashar jiragen ruwa ta Sydney, Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Melbourne, Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Brisbane, Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Adelaide, da kuma Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Perth, da sauransu.
New Zealand
Kamar Ostiraliya,New Zealandyana cikin Oceania, kudu maso gabashin Ostiraliya. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwanta sun haɗa daTashar jiragen ruwa ta Auckland, Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Wellington, da Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Christchurchda sauransu.
Brunei
Brunei dai tana iyaka da jihar Sarawak ta Malaysia. Babban birninta shine Bandar Seri Begawan, kuma babban tashar jiragen ruwa shineMuara, babbar tashar jiragen ruwa ta ƙasar.
Cambodia
Cambodia tana iyaka da Thailand, Laos, da Vietnam. Babban birninta shine Phnom Penh, kuma manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwanta sun haɗa daSihanoukville, Phnom Penh, Koh Kong, da Siem Reap, da sauransu.
Indonesiya
Indonesia ita ce babbar tsibiran duniya, inda Jakarta ita ce babban birninta. An san ta da "Ƙasar Tsibiran Dubu," Indonesia tana da wadataccen tashoshin jiragen ruwa. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daJakarta, Batam, Semarang, Balikpapan, Banjarmasin, Bekasi, Belawan, da Benoa, da dai sauransu.
Laos
Laos, tare da Vientiane a matsayin babban birninta, ita ce kaɗai ƙasar da ba ta da tafki a kudu maso gabashin Asiya ba tare da tashar jiragen ruwa ba. Saboda haka, sufuri ya dogara ne kawai da hanyoyin ruwa na cikin gida, ciki har da hanyoyin ruwa na cikin gida, ciki har daVientiane, Pakse, da Luang PrabangGodiya ga Shirin Belt and Road da kuma aiwatar da RCEP, layin dogo na China-Laos ya ga karuwar karfin sufuri tun lokacin da aka bude shi, wanda hakan ya haifar da karuwar ciniki tsakanin kasashen biyu cikin sauri.
Malesiya
Malesiya, wanda aka raba zuwa Gabashin Malaysia da Yammacin Malaysia, babbar cibiyar jigilar kaya ce a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya. Babban birninta shine Kuala Lumpur. Kasar kuma tana da tsibirai da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa, tare da manyan da suka haɗa daPort Klang, Penang, Kuching, Bintulu, Kuantan, da Kota Kinabalu, da dai sauransu.
Philippines
Philippines, wanda ke yammacin Tekun Pacific, wani tsibiri ne mai babban birninsa Manila. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daManila, Batangas, Cagayan, Cebu, da Davao, da dai sauransu.
Singapore
SingaporeBa wai kawai birni ba ne, har ma ƙasa ce. Babban birninta Singapore ne, kuma babbar tashar jiragen ruwanta ita ma Singapore ce. Yawan kwantena da tashar jiragen ruwanta ke fitarwa yana cikin mafi girma a duniya, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama cibiyar jigilar kwantena mafi girma a duniya.
Thailand
ThailandTana iyaka da China, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, da Myanmar. Babban birninta kuma mafi girma shine Bangkok. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daBangkok, Laem Chabang, Lat Krabang, da Songkhla, da dai sauransu.
Myanmar
Myanmar tana yammacin yankin Indochina a kudu maso gabashin Asiya, tana iyaka da China, Thailand, Laos, Indiya, da Bangladesh. Babban birninta shine Naypyidaw. Myanmar tana da dogon bakin teku a Tekun Indiya, tare da manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa ciki har daYangon, Pathein, and Mawlamyin.
Vietnam
Vietnamƙasa ce da ke kudu maso gabashin Asiya wadda take a gabashin yankin Indochina Peninsula. Babban birninta shine Hanoi, kuma babban birninta shine Ho Chi Minh City. Ƙasar tana da dogon bakin teku, tare da manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa ciki har daHaiphong, Da Nang, da Ho Chi Minh, da dai sauransu.
Dangane da "Ma'aunin Ci Gaban Cibiyar Jigilar Kaya ta Duniya - Rahoton Yankin RCEP (2022)," an tantance matakin gasa.
Thematsayi mafi girmaya haɗa da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa na Shanghai da Singapore, yana nuna ƙarfin ikonsu na cikakke.
Thematakin majagabaya haɗa da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa na Ningbo-Zhoushan, Qingdao, Shenzhen, da Busan. Misali, Ningbo da Shenzhen dukkansu muhimman cibiyoyi ne a yankin RCEP.
Thematakin rinjayeya haɗa da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa na Guangzhou, Tianjin, Port Klang, Hong Kong, Kaohsiung, da Xiamen. Misali, Port Klang tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a harkokin kasuwancin kudu maso gabashin Asiya kuma tana sauƙaƙa jigilar kaya.
Thematakin bayaya haɗa da duk sauran samfuran tashoshin jiragen ruwa, ban da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da aka ambata a baya, waɗanda ake ɗaukar su a matsayin manyan cibiyoyin jigilar kaya.
Ci gaban ciniki a yankin Asiya da Pasifik ya haifar da ci gaban masana'antun tashar jiragen ruwa da jigilar kaya, yana ba mu, a matsayinmu na masu jigilar kaya, ƙarin damar yin aiki tare da abokan ciniki a yankin. Senghor Logistics yakan yi aiki tare da abokan ciniki dagaOstiraliya, New Zealand, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, da sauran ƙasashe, daidai da jadawalin jigilar kaya da hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki don biyan buƙatunsu. Ana maraba da masu shigo da kaya waɗanda ke da tambayoyituntuɓe mu!
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-06-2025
