Menene tashoshin jiragen ruwa a cikin ƙasashen RCEP?
RCEP, ko Babban Haɗin gwiwar Tattalin Arziki na Yanki, ya fara aiki a hukumance a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2022. Amfaninsa ya haɓaka haɓakar ciniki a yankin Asiya da Fasifik.
Su waye abokan hulɗar RCEP?
Membobin RCEP sun haɗa daChina, Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Ostiraliya, New Zealand, da ƙasashe goma na ASEAN (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, da Vietnam), jimlar kasashe goma sha biyar. (An jera a cikin wani tsari na musamman)
Ta yaya RCEP ke shafar kasuwancin duniya?
1. Rage shingen kasuwanci: Sama da kashi 90% na cinikin kayayyaki tsakanin kasashe membobi sannu a hankali za su cimma harajin sifiri, wanda zai rage tsadar kasuwanci a yankin.
2. Saukake hanyoyin kasuwanci: Daidaita hanyoyin kwastam da bincike da keɓe masu zaman kansu, da haɓaka "ciniki mara takarda," da rage lokutan share kwastam (misali, ingancin kwastan na kasar Sin na kayayyakin ASEAN ya karu da kashi 30 cikin 100).
3. Taimakawa tsarin ciniki tsakanin sassan duniya: RCEP, bisa ka'idar "budewa da haɗin kai," ya rungumi tattalin arziki a matakai daban-daban na ci gaba (kamar Cambodia da Japan), yana ba da samfurin haɗin gwiwar yanki na duniya a duniya. Ta hanyar taimakon fasaha, }asashen da suka ci gaba, suna taimaka wa }asashen da ba su ci gaba ba, (kamar Laos, da Myanmar) su bun}asa karfin kasuwancinsu, da rage gibin ci gaban yanki.
Shigar da tsarin RCEP ya inganta kasuwanci a yankin Asiya da tekun Pasifik, yayin da kuma ke haifar da karuwar bukatar jigilar kayayyaki. Anan, Senghor Logistics zai gabatar da mahimman tashoshin jiragen ruwa a cikin ƙasashe membobin RCEP kuma suyi nazarin fa'idodin gasa na musamman na wasu daga cikin waɗannan tashoshin jiragen ruwa.
China
Saboda bunkasuwar sana'ar cinikayyar waje da kasar Sin ta samu, da kuma dogon tarihin cinikayyar kasa da kasa, kasar Sin tana da tashar jiragen ruwa da dama daga kudu zuwa arewa. Shahararrun tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daShanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Qingdao, Dalian, Tianjin, da Hong Kong, da sauransu, da kuma tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ke gefen kogin Yangtze, kamarChongqing, Wuhan, da Nanjing.
Kasar Sin ta kasance kasa ta 8 daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa 10 na duniya ta hanyar jigilar kayayyaki, lamarin da ke nuni da ci gaban kasuwancinta.
Tashar ruwa ta Shanghaiyana da mafi girman adadin hanyoyin kasuwancin waje a China, tare da sama da 300, musamman ingantattun hanyoyin trans-Pacific, Turai, da Japan-Koriya ta Kudu. A lokacin kololuwar yanayi, lokacin da sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa ke cunkoso, Matson Shipping na yau da kullun na jigilar kaya CLX daga Shanghai zuwa Los Angeles yana ɗaukar kwanaki 11 kacal.
Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, wata babbar tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin Kogin Yangtze, kuma tana da ingantacciyar hanyar sadarwar sufuri, tare da jigilar jigilar kayayyaki zuwa Turai, kudu maso gabashin Asiya, da Ostiraliya sune wuraren da aka fi so. Kyakkyawan wurin wurin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa yana ba da damar fitar da kayayyaki cikin sauri daga Yiwu, babban kanti na duniya.
Shenzhen Port, tare da tashar Yantian da tashar Shekou a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa na farko da ake shigo da su da fitarwa, yana Kudancin China. Da farko yana ba da sabis na trans-Pacific, Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, da kuma hanyoyin Japan-Koriya ta Kudu, yana mai da ita ɗaya daga cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa mafi cunkoso a duniya. Yin amfani da yanayin wurinta da shigar da tsarin RCEP, Shenzhen yana alfahari da yawa kuma manyan hanyoyin shigo da kayayyaki ta ruwa da iska. Sakamakon sauye-sauyen masana'antu zuwa kudu maso gabashin Asiya, galibin kasashen kudu maso gabashin Asiya ba su da manyan hanyoyin jigilar teku, abin da ke haifar da jigilar kayayyaki da ke kudu maso gabashin Asiya zuwa Turai da Amurka ta tashar jiragen ruwa na Yantian.
Kamar Shenzhen Port,Port Guangzhouyana Lardin Guangdong kuma yana cikin rukunin tashar tashar ruwan Pearl River Delta. Tashar tashar ta Nansha tashar ruwa ce mai zurfin ruwa, tana ba da hanyoyi masu fa'ida zuwa kudu maso gabashin Asiya, Afirka, Gabas ta Tsakiya, da Kudancin Amurka. Birnin Guangzhou yana da dadadden tarihin ciniki mai karfi na shigo da kaya da fitar da kayayyaki, ba tare da ambaton cewa ta gudanar da bikin baje kolin Canton sama da 100, wanda ya jawo hankalin 'yan kasuwa da dama.
Xiamen Port, wanda ke lardin Fujian, wani bangare ne na rukunin tashar jiragen ruwa na kudu maso gabashin kasar Sin, wanda ke hidima ga Taiwan, Sin, kudu maso gabashin Asiya, da yammacin Amurka. Godiya ga shigar da tsarin RCEP, hanyoyin da tashar jiragen ruwa ta Xiamen ta kudu maso gabashin Asiya suma sun yi girma cikin sauri. A ranar 3 ga Agusta, 2025, Maersk ta ƙaddamar da hanyar kai tsaye daga Xiamen zuwa Manila, Philippines, tare da lokacin jigilar kaya na kwanaki 3 kacal.
Qingdao Port, dake lardin Shandong na kasar Sin, ita ce tashar jiragen ruwa mafi girma a arewacin kasar Sin. Yana cikin rukunin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Bohai Rim kuma da farko yana ba da hanyoyin zuwa Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, kudu maso gabashin Asiya, da trans-Pacific. Haɗin tashar tashar ta yana kwatankwacin na tashar Shenzhen Yantian.
Tianjin Port, Har ila yau, wani ɓangare na rukunin tashar jiragen ruwa na Bohai Rim, yana ba da hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki zuwa Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Rasha, da Asiya ta Tsakiya. Dangane da shirin Belt da Road Initiative da kuma shigar da tsarin RCEP, tashar Tianjin ta zama babbar tashar jigilar kayayyaki, ta haɗa ƙasashe kamar Vietnam, Thailand, da Malaysia.
Dalian Port, wanda ke lardin Liaoning a arewa maso gabashin kasar Sin, a yankin Liaodong Peninsula, ya fi yin amfani da hanyoyin zuwa Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Rasha, da Asiya ta Tsakiya. Tare da haɓakar ciniki tare da ƙasashen RCEP, labarai na sababbin hanyoyi na ci gaba da fitowa.
Hong Kong Port, wanda ke yankin Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay na kasar Sin, yana daya daga cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa mafi yawan hada-hadar kudi da kuma babbar cibiyar samar da kayayyaki a duniya. Haɓaka ciniki tare da ƙasashe membobin RCEP ya kawo sabbin damammaki ga masana'antar jigilar kayayyaki ta Hong Kong.
Japan
Yankin ƙasar Japan ya raba shi zuwa "Tashar jiragen ruwa na Kansai" da "Kanto Ports." Kansai Ports sun hada daOsaka Port da Kobe Port, yayin da Kanto Ports ya hada daTashar jiragen ruwa ta Tokyo, tashar Yokohama, da tashar Nagoya. Yokohama ita ce tashar ruwa mafi girma a Japan.
Koriya ta Kudu
Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Koriya ta Kudu sun hada daBusan Port, Incheon Port, Gunsan Port, Mokpo Port, da Pohang Port, tare da Busan Port shine mafi girma.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa, a lokacin bazara, jiragen dakon kaya da suka tashi daga tashar jirgin ruwa ta Qingdao na kasar Sin, zuwa Amurka, na iya zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Busan, domin cike kayayyakin da ba a cika su ba, lamarin da ya haifar da jinkiri na kwanaki da dama a inda za su je.
Ostiraliya
Ostiraliyayana tsakanin Kudancin Pacific da Tekun Indiya. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun hada daTashar jiragen ruwa na Sydney, Port Melbourne, Brisbane Port, Adelaide Port, da tashar Perth, da dai sauransu.
New Zealand
Kamar Australia,New Zealandyana cikin Oceania, kudu maso gabashin Ostiraliya. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun hada daAuckland Port, Wellington Port, da Christchurch Portda dai sauransu.
Brunei
Brunei dai tana iyaka da jihar Sarawak ta Malaysia. Babban birninta shine Bandar Seri Begawan, kuma babban tashar jiragen ruwa shineMuara, tashar ruwa mafi girma a kasar.
Kambodiya
Cambodia tana iyaka da Thailand, Laos, da Vietnam. Babban birninta shine Phnom Penh, kuma manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daSihanoukville, Phnom Penh, Koh Kong, da Siem Reap, da dai sauransu.
Indonesia
Indonesiya ita ce babbar tsibiri a duniya, tare da Jakarta babban birninta. Wanda aka fi sani da "Ƙasa na Tsibirin Dubu," Indonesiya tana da wadataccen tashar jiragen ruwa. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daJakarta, Batam, Semarang, Balikpapan, Banjarmasin, Bekasi, Belawan, da Benoa, da dai sauransu.
Laos
Laos, tare da Vientiane a matsayin babban birninta, ita ce kawai ƙasa marar iyaka a kudu maso gabashin Asiya ba tare da tashar jiragen ruwa ba. Don haka, sufuri ya dogara ne kan hanyoyin ruwa na cikin ƙasa, gami daVientiane, Pakse, da Luang Prabang. Godiya ga shirin Belt da Road da kuma aiwatar da tsarin RCEP, layin dogo na kasar Sin da Laos ya samu karuwar karfin sufuri tun bayan bude shi, wanda hakan ya kawo saurin bunkasuwar ciniki a tsakanin kasashen biyu.
Malaysia
Malaysia, wanda aka raba zuwa Gabashin Malesiya da Yammacin Malesiya, babbar tashar jigilar kayayyaki ce a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Babban birninta shine Kuala Lumpur. Har ila yau, ƙasar tana da tsibirai da tashoshin jiragen ruwa masu yawa, tare da manyan waɗanda suka haɗa daPort Klang, Penang, Kuching, Bintulu, Kuantan, da Kota Kinabalu, da dai sauransu.
Philippines
Philippines, dake yammacin Tekun Pasifik, tsibiri ne mai babban birninsa Manila. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daManila, Batangas, Cagayan, Cebu, da Davao, da dai sauransu.
Singapore
Singaporeba birni kadai ba har da kasa. Babban birninta shine Singapore, kuma babbar tashar jiragen ruwa ita ma Singapore. Hannun kwantena na tashar tashar jiragen ruwa yana cikin matsayi mafi girma a duniya, wanda ya sa ya zama cibiyar jigilar kaya mafi girma a duniya.
Tailandia
Tailandiayana iyaka da China, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, da Myanmar. Babban birninta kuma birni mafi girma shine Bangkok. Manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun haɗa daBangkok, Laem Chabang, Lat Krabang, da Songkhla, da dai sauransu.
Myanmar
Myanmar tana yammacin yankin Indochina a kudu maso gabashin Asiya, tana iyaka da China, Thailand, Laos, India, da Bangladesh. Babban birninta shine Naypyidaw. Myanmar tana da dogon bakin teku a Tekun Indiya, tare da manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa ciki har daYangon, Pathein, and Mawlamyin.
Vietnam
Vietnamkasa ce dake kudu maso gabashin Asiya dake gabashin yankin Indochina Peninsula. Babban birninta shine Hanoi, kuma birni mafi girma shine Ho Chi Minh City. Kasar tana da dogon bakin teku, tare da manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa da suka hada daHaiphong, Da Nang, da Ho Chi Minh, da dai sauransu.
Dangane da "Indexididdigar Ci gaban Cibiyar Harkokin Jirgin Ruwa ta Duniya - Rahoton Yanki na RCEP (2022)," an tantance matakin gasa.
Thejagorancin matakinya hada da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Shanghai da Singapore, wanda ke nuna irin karfin da suke da shi.
Thematakin majagabaya hada da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Ningbo-Zhoushan, Qingdao, Shenzhen, da Busan. Ningbo da Shenzhen, alal misali, duka mahimman cibiyoyi ne a cikin yankin RCEP.
Therinjaye matakinya hada da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Guangzhou, Tianjin, Port Klang, Hong Kong, Kaohsiung, da Xiamen. Port Klang, alal misali, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a kasuwancin kudu maso gabashin Asiya kuma yana sauƙaƙe zirga-zirga.
Thematakin kashin bayaya haɗa da duk sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa na samfur, ban da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da aka ambata, waɗanda ake la'akari da wuraren jigilar kayayyaki na baya.
Ci gaban ciniki a yankin Asiya da tekun Pasifik ya haifar da haɓaka tashar jiragen ruwa da masana'antar jigilar kayayyaki, yana ba mu, a matsayin masu jigilar kaya, tare da ƙarin damar yin haɗin gwiwa tare da abokan ciniki a yankin. Senghor Logistics akai-akai yana aiki tare da abokan ciniki dagaOstiraliya, New Zealand, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, da sauran ƙasashe, daidai madaidaicin jadawalin jigilar kaya da hanyoyin dabaru don biyan bukatunsu. Masu shigo da kaya masu tambaya suna maraba da zuwatuntube mu!
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-06-2025
