He aha nā awa ma nā ʻāina RCEP?
Ua hoʻomaka kūhelu ʻia ka RCEP, a i ʻole Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, ma Ianuali 1, 2022. Ua hoʻoikaika kona mau pono i ka ulu ʻana o ke kālepa ma ka ʻāina ʻo Asia-Pākīpika.
ʻO wai nā hoa hana o RCEP?
ʻO nā lālā o ka RCEP e komo pū anaKina, Iapana, Kōlea Hema, ʻAukekulelia, Aotearoa, a me nā ʻāina ASEAN he ʻumi (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malekia, Pilipino, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, a me Vietnam), he ʻumikumamālima mau ʻāina. (ʻAʻole i helu ʻia ma ke ʻano kūikawā)
Pehea ka hopena o ka RCEP i ke kālepa honua?
1. Ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pale kālepa: Ma luna o 90% o ke kālepa waiwai ma waena o nā ʻāina lālā e hoʻokō mālie i nā ʻauhau ʻole, e hōʻemi nui ana i nā kumukūʻai no nā ʻoihana ma ka ʻāina.
2. Hoʻomaʻalahi i nā kaʻina hana kālepa: Ke hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā kaʻina hana dute a me nā kūlana nānā a me ka quarantine, e paipai ana i ka "kālepa pepa ʻole," a me ka hoʻopōkole ʻana i nā manawa hoʻomaʻemaʻe dute (no ka laʻana, ua piʻi aʻe ka pono o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe dute o Kina no nā waiwai ASEAN ma 30%).
3. Ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana kālepa multilateral honua: ʻO RCEP, ma muli o ke kumumanaʻo o "wehe a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana," e apo ana i nā hoʻokele waiwai ma nā pae like ʻole o ka hoʻomohala ʻana (e like me Cambodia a me Iapana), e hāʻawi ana i kahi kumu hoʻohālike no ka laulima ʻāpana hoʻokomo ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ma o ke kōkua loea, ke kōkua nei nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia i nā ʻāina lālā i hoʻomohala ʻole ʻia (e like me Laos a me Myanmar) e hoʻonui i ko lākou hiki ke kālepa a hoʻemi i nā hakahaka hoʻomohala ʻāpana.
Ua hoʻoikaika ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka RCEP i ke kālepa ma ka ʻāina ʻo Asia-Pākīpika, a ke hoʻoulu nei hoʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka noi hoʻouna moku. Maanei, e hōʻike ʻo Senghor Logistics i nā awa koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻāina lālā o RCEP a kālailai i nā pono hoʻokūkū kūikawā o kekahi o kēia mau awa.
Kina
Ma muli o ka ʻoihana kālepa haole i hoʻomohala ʻia e Kina a me ka mōʻaukala lōʻihi o ke kālepa honua, ua kaena ʻo Kina i nā awa he nui mai ka hema a i ka ʻākau. ʻO nā awa kaulana e komo pū ana meShanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Qingdao, Dalian, Tianjin, a me Hong Kong, a pēlā aku, a me nā awa ma ka muliwai ʻo Yangtze, e like meʻO Chongqing, Wuhan, a me Nanjing.
ʻEwalu o nā awa hoʻoili ukana he ʻumi o ka honua ma o Kina, he hōʻike ia i kāna kālepa ikaika.
Awa ʻo Shanghaiʻo ia ka nui o nā ala kālepa haole ma Kina, me ka ʻoi aku o 300, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā ala trans-Pacific, ʻEulopa, a me Iapana-Korea Hema i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia. I ka wā kiʻekiʻe, i ka wā e paʻa ai nā awa ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka holo mau ʻana o Matson Shipping CLX mai Shanghai a i Los Angeles he 11 mau lā wale nō.
ʻO ke awa ʻo Ningbo-Zhoushan, kekahi awa nui ma ka Yangtze River Delta, e haʻaheo ana hoʻi i kahi pūnaewele ukana i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, me nā ala hoʻouna i ʻEulopa, ʻAsia Hikina Hema, a me Australia ʻo ia kāna mau wahi i makemake nui ʻia. ʻO kahi kūlana honua maikaʻi o ke awa e ʻae ai i ka hoʻokuʻu wikiwiki ʻana i nā waiwai mai Yiwu, ka hale kūʻai nui o ka honua.
Shenzen Awa, me ke awa ʻo Yantian a me ke awa ʻo Shekou ma ke ʻano he mau awa lawe mai a hoʻokuʻu aku nui, aia ma Kina Hema. Lawelawe nui ia i nā ala trans-Pacific, Asia Hikina Hema, a me Iapana-Korea Hema, e lilo ia i kekahi o nā awa paʻahana loa o ka honua. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kona wahi ʻāina a me ke komo ʻana o ka RCEP, haʻaheo ʻo Shenzhen i nā ala lawe mai a hoʻokuʻu aku he nui a paʻa ma o ke kai a me ka lewa. Ma muli o ka neʻe hou ʻana o ka hana ʻana i Asia Hikina Hema, nele ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o Asia Hikina Hema i nā ala hoʻouna moana ākea, e alakaʻi ana i kahi transshipment koʻikoʻi o nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku o Asia Hikina Hema i ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma o ke awa ʻo Yantian.
E like me ke awa ʻo Shenzhen,Ke awa ʻo GuangzhouAia ma ke Kalana ʻo Guangdong a he ʻāpana ia o ka hui awa ʻo Pearl River Delta. ʻO kona awa ʻo Nansha kahi awa hohonu, e hāʻawi ana i nā ala kūpono i Asia Hikina Hema, ʻApelika, ka Hikina Waena, a me ʻAmelika Hema. He mōʻaukala lōʻihi ko Guangzhou no ke kālepa ikaika no ka lawe mai a me ka hoʻokuʻu aku, ʻaʻole e haʻi aku ua mālama ʻo ia ma mua o 100 mau Canton Fairs, e huki ana i nā mea kālepa he nui.
Awa ʻo Xiamen, aia ma ka Panalāʻau ʻo Fujian, he ʻāpana ia o ka hui awa kahakai hikina hema o Kina, e lawelawe ana iā Taiwan, Kina, ʻAsia Hikina Hema, a me ke komohana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Mahalo i ke komo ʻana o ka RCEP, ua ulu wikiwiki hoʻi nā ala o ke awa ʻo Xiamen ma ʻAsia Hikina Hema. Ma ʻAukake 3, 2025, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Maersk i kahi ala pololei mai Xiamen a i Manila, Philippines, me ka manawa hoʻouna he 3 mau lā wale nō.
Awa Qingdao, aia ma ka Panalāʻau ʻo Shandong, Kina, ʻo ia ke awa hoʻoili ukana nui loa ma ka ʻākau o Kina. No ka hui awa ʻo Bohai Rim ia a lawelawe nui i nā ala i Iapana, Kōlea Hema, ʻĀkia Hikina Hema, a me ka Pākīpika trans-Pakipika. Ua like kona pilina awa me ko ke awa ʻo Shenzhen Yantian.
Awa ʻo Tianjin, he ʻāpana hoʻi o ka hui awa ʻo Bohai Rim, lawelawe i nā ala hoʻouna moku i Iapana, Kōlea Hema, Rusia, a me ʻAsia Waena. Ma ke ʻano he Belt and Road Initiative a me ke komo ʻana o ka RCEP, ua lilo ʻo Tianjin Port i kikowaena hoʻouna moku koʻikoʻi, e hoʻopili ana i nā ʻāina e like me Vietnam, Thailand, a me Malekia.
Awa ʻo Dalian, aia ma ka Panalāʻau ʻo Liaoning ma ka ʻākau hikina o Kina, ma ka Liaodong Peninsula, lawelawe nui i nā ala i Iapana, Kōlea Hema, Rusia, a me ʻAsia Waena. Me ka ulu ʻana o ke kālepa me nā ʻāina RCEP, ke hoʻomau nei ka nūhou o nā ala hou.
Awa ʻo Hong Kong, aia ma ka ʻĀpana ʻo Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay ma Kina, ʻo ia kekahi o nā awa paʻahana loa a he kikowaena nui hoʻi i ke kaulahao lako honua. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kālepa me nā ʻāina lālā o RCEP ua lawe mai i nā manawa hou i ka ʻoihana hoʻouna moku o Hong Kong.
Iapana
Ma muli o ke kūlana honua o Iapana, ua māhele ʻia ʻo ia i "Nā awa ʻo Kansai" a me "Nā awa ʻo Kanto." Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā awa ʻo KansaiKe awa ʻo ʻOsaka a me ke awa ʻo Kobe, ʻoiai ʻo Kanto Ports e komo pū anaKe awa ʻo Tōkyō, ke awa ʻo Yokohama, a me ke awa ʻo NagoyaʻO Yokohama ke awa kai nui loa o Iapana.
Kōlea Hema
ʻO nā awa nui o Kōlea Hema e komo pū anaAwa ʻo Busan, Awa ʻo Incheon, Awa ʻo Gunsan, Awa ʻo Mokpo, a me ke Awa ʻo Pohang, ʻo ke awa ʻo Busan ka awa nui loa.
He mea kūpono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka wā hoʻomaha, hiki i nā moku ukana e haʻalele ana mai ke awa ʻo Qingdao, Kina, a i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ke kū ma ke awa ʻo Busan e hoʻopiha i nā ukana i hoʻopiha ʻole ʻia, e hopena ana i ka lohi o kekahi mau lā ma ko lākou wahi i hele ai.
Nuhōlani
Nuhōlaniaia ma waena o ka Pakipika Hema a me nā Moana ʻInia. ʻO kona mau awa nui e komo pū ana meAwa ʻo Sydney, Awa ʻo Melbourne, Awa ʻo Brisbane, Awa ʻo Adelaide, a me Awa ʻo Perth, a pēlā aku
Aotearoa
E like me ʻAukekulelia,Aotearoaaia ma Oceania, ma ka hikina hema o Australia. ʻO kona mau awa nui e komo pū ana meAwa ʻo ʻAuckland, Awa ʻo Wellington, a me Awa ʻo Christchurcha pēlā aku.
Burunei
ʻO Brunei ka palena o ka mokuʻāina Malaysian o Sarawak. ʻO Bandar Seri Begawan kona kapikala, a ʻo kona awa nuiMuara, ke awa nui loa o ka ʻāina.
Kamabodia
ʻO Cambodia ka palena o Thailand, Laos, a me Vietnam. ʻO Phnom Penh kona kapikala, a ʻo kona mau awa nui e komo pū ana meSihanoukville, Phnom Penh, Koh Kong, a me Siem Reap, a pēlā aku
ʻInidonesia
ʻO Indonesia ka pae ʻāina nui loa o ka honua, me Jakarta ke kapikala. ʻIke ʻia ʻo "ʻĀina o nā Mokupuni he Tausani," kaena ʻo Indonesia i ka nui o nā awa. ʻO nā awa nui e komo pū ana meJakarta, Batam, Semarang, Balikpapan, Banjarmasin, Bekasi, Belawan, a me Benoa, etc.
Laosa
ʻO Laos, me Vientiane ke kapikala, ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻāina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka Hikina Hema o Asia me ka ʻole o kahi awa kai. No laila, hilinaʻi wale ka halihali ma nā ala wai o uka, meʻO Vientiane, Pakse, a me Luang PrabangMahalo i ka Belt and Road Initiative a me ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka RCEP, ua ʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka mana halihali no ke Alanui Kaʻaahi Kina-Laos mai kona wehe ʻana, e alakaʻi ana i ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ke kālepa ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻelua.
Malaia
Malaia, i māhele ʻia i Malekia Hikina a me Malekia Komohana, he kikowaena moku nui ma Asia Hikina Hema. ʻO Kuala Lumpur kona kapikala. He nui nā mokupuni a me nā awa i ka ʻāina, me nā mea nui e komo pū ana mePort Klang, Penang, Kuching, Bintulu, Kuantan, a me Kota Kinabalu, etc.
ʻĀina Pilipino
ʻO Pilipine, aia ma ke komohana o ka Moana Pākīpika, he pae ʻāina ia me kona kapikala ʻo Manila. ʻO nā awa nui e komo pū ana meManila, Batangas, Cagayan, Cebu, a me Davao, etc.
Sinapoa
SinapoaʻAʻole wale ia he kūlanakauhale akā he ʻāina nō hoʻi. ʻO Singapore kona kapikala, a ʻo Singapore hoʻi kona awa nui. ʻO ka nui o ka lawe ʻana o nā ipu o kona awa kekahi o nā mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua, e lilo ana ia i kikowaena hoʻoili ipu nui loa o ka honua.
Tailani
Tailanipalena ʻo Kina, Laos, Cambodia, Malekia, a me Myanmar. ʻO Bangkok kona kapikala a me ke kūlanakauhale nui loa. ʻO nā awa nui e komo pū anaBangkok, Laem Chabang, Lat Krabang, a me Songkhla, etc.
Maianamara
Aia ʻo Myanmar ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Indochina Peninsula ma Asia Hikina Hema, e pili ana iā Kina, Thailand, Laos, India, a me Bangladesh. ʻO Naypyidaw kona kapikala. He kahakai lōʻihi ko Myanmar ma ke Kai ʻInia, me nā awa nui e komo pū ana meʻO Yangon, Pathein, a me Mawlamyine.
Wiekanama
WiekanamaHe ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia Hikina Hema ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Indochina Peninsula. ʻO Hanoi kona kapikala, a ʻo ke kūlanakauhale nui loa ʻo Ho Chi Minh City. He kahakai lōʻihi ko ka ʻāina, me nā awa nui e komo pū ana meHaiphong, Da Nang, a me Ho Chi Minh, etc.
Ma muli o ka "International Shipping Hub Development Index - RCEP Regional Report (2022)," ua loiloi ʻia kahi pae hoʻokūkū.
ʻO kapapa alakaʻie komo pū ana me nā Awa o Shanghai a me Singapore, e hōʻike ana i ko lākou mau mana piha ikaika.
ʻO kapae paioniaaia pū nā awa o Ningbo-Zhoushan, Qingdao, Shenzhen, a me Busan. ʻO Ningbo lāua ʻo Shenzhen, no ka laʻana, he mau kikowaena koʻikoʻi lāua ʻelua i loko o ka ʻāina RCEP.
ʻO kapapa manaaia nā awa o Guangzhou, Tianjin, Port Klang, Hong Kong, Kaohsiung, a me Xiamen. ʻO Port Klang, no ka laʻana, he kuleana koʻikoʻi kāna ma ke kālepa ʻana ma Asia Hikina Hema a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka transit.
ʻO kapapa iwi kuamoʻohoʻokomo pū ʻia nā awa laʻana ʻē aʻe a pau, koe naʻe nā awa i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, i manaʻo ʻia he mau kikowaena hoʻouna iwi kuamoʻo.
ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ke kālepa ma ka ʻāina ʻo Asia-Pākīpika ua hoʻokele i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻoihana awa a me nā ʻoihana hoʻouna moku, e hāʻawi ana iā mākou, ma ke ʻano he poʻe hoʻouna ukana, me nā manawa kūpono hou aʻe e hana pū me nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka ʻāina. Hana pinepine ʻo Senghor Logistics me nā mea kūʻai aku maiʻAukekulelia, Aotearoa, Pilipine, Malekia, Tailani, Sinapoa, a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, e hoʻohālikelike pono ana i nā papa kuhikuhi hoʻouna a me nā hoʻonā logistics e hoʻokō i kā lākou mau pono. Hoʻokipa ʻia nā mea lawe mai me nā nīnaukāhea iā mā˚ou!
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Aug-06-2025
