He aha ngā tauranga i roto i ngā whenua RCEP?
I tīmata mana te RCEP, arā, te Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, i te 1 o Hānuere, 2022. Nā ōna painga i whakapiki ake te tipu hokohoko i te rohe o Āhia-Moananui-a-Kiwa.
Ko wai ngā hoa mahi o te RCEP?
Kei roto i ngā mema o te RCEPHaina, Hapani, Kōrea ki te Tonga, Ahitereiria, Aotearoa, me ngā whenua tekau o te ASEAN (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, me Vietnam), tekau mā rima ngā whenua katoa. (Kāore i te rārangihia i roto i te raupapa motuhake)
He aha ngā pānga o te RCEP ki te hokohoko o te ao?
1. Te whakaiti i ngā arai hokohoko: Neke atu i te 90% o ngā hokohoko taonga i waenga i ngā whenua mema ka āta kore haere ngā taripa, ka tino whakaiti i ngā utu mō ngā pakihi o te rohe.
2. Te whakangawari i ngā tikanga hokohoko: Te whakapūmau i ngā tikanga tikanga me ngā paerewa tirotiro me te taratahi, te whakatairanga i te "hokohoko kore pepa," me te whakapoto i ngā wā tuku tikanga (hei tauira, kua piki ake te whai huatanga o Haina ki te tuku tikanga mō ngā taonga ASEAN mā te 30%).
3. Te tautoko i te pūnaha hokohoko maha-taha o te ao: Ko te RCEP, e ahu mai ana i te mātāpono o te "tuwheratanga me te whakauru," e awhi ana i ngā ōhanga i ngā taumata whanaketanga rerekē (pēnei i a Cambodia me Japan), e whakarato ana i tētahi tauira mō te mahi tahi ā-rohe whakauru puta noa i te ao. Mā te āwhina hangarau, kei te āwhina ngā whenua whakawhanake ake i ngā whenua mema kāore i te tino whanake (pēnei i a Laos me Myanmar) ki te whakapakari i ō rātou kaha hokohoko me te whakawhāiti i ngā āputa whanaketanga rohe.
Nā te whakaurunga o te RCEP kua piki ake te hokohoko i te rohe o Āhia-Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, ā, kua piki ake hoki te tono mō ngā kaipuke. I konei, ka whakaatuhia e Senghor Logistics ngā tauranga nui i roto i ngā whenua mema o te RCEP, me te tātari i ngā painga whakataetae ahurei o ētahi o ēnei tauranga.
Haina
Nā te whanaketanga o te umanga hokohoko ki tāwāhi o Haina me te hītori roa o te tauhokohoko ā-ao, e whakamanamana ana a Haina ki ngā tauranga maha mai i te tonga ki te raki. Ko ngā tauranga rongonui koShanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Qingdao, Dalian, Tianjin, me Hong Kong, me ētahi atu, tae atu ki ngā tauranga i te taha o te awa o Yangtze, pērā iChongqing, Wuhan, me Nanjing.
E waru o ngā tauranga tekau o te ao e kawe ana i ngā utanga, e tohu ana i te kaha o tana mahi hokohoko.
Tauranga o ShanghaiKei Haina te nuinga o ngā ara hokohoko ki tāwāhi, neke atu i te 300, inā koa ko ngā ara whakawhiti-Moananui-a-Kiwa, Ūropi, me Hapani-Korea-ki-te-Tonga kua tino whanakehia. I te wā tino pukumahi, ina kī tonu ētahi atu tauranga, 11 noa ngā rā e pau ana mō ngā haerenga auau a Matson Shipping CLX mai i Shanghai ki Los Angeles.
Tauranga Ningbo-Zhoushan, tētahi atu tauranga nui i te awaawa o te awa o Yangtze, e whakamanamana ana hoki ki tētahi whatunga utanga kua tino whanakehia, me ngā huarahi kaipuke ki Ūropi, ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, me Ahitereiria hei wāhi pai mōna. Nā te wāhi pai o te tauranga ka taea te kaweake tere i ngā taonga mai i Yiwu, te hūpermakete o te ao.
Hehen Tauranga, me te Tauranga Yantian me te Tauranga Shekou hei tauranga kawemai me te kaweake matua, kei te tonga o Haina. Ko te nuinga o te wā e mahi ana i ngā huarahi whakawhiti-Moananui-a-Kiwa, Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti, me Hapani-Korea ki te Tonga, koia tētahi o ngā tauranga pukumahi o te ao. Mā te whakamahi i tōna tauwāhi matawhenua me te whakaurunga o te RCEP, e whakamanamana ana a Shenzhen ki ngā huarahi kawemai me te kaweake maha me te kikī mā te moana me te rangi. Nā te nekehanga tata nei o te hanga ki Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti, he maha ngā huarahi kaipuke moana o te nuinga o ngā whenua o Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti, ā, ka nui te whakawhiti kaipuke o ngā kaweake o Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti ki Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika mā te Tauranga Yantian.
Pērā i te Tauranga o Shenzhen,Te Tauranga o GuangzhouKei te Porowini o Guangdong a Nanchang, ā, he wāhanga o te tauranga o Pearl River Delta. He tauranga wai hohonu tōna tauranga Nansha, e tuku ana i ngā huarahi pai ki Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti, ki Āwherika, ki te Waenganui Rawhiti, me Amerika ki te Tonga. He roa te hītori o Guangzhou mō te hokohoko kawemai me te kaweake kaha, me te kore e whakahua i te neke atu i te 100 ngā Whakaaturanga Canton kua manaakihia e ia, e kukume ana i te tini o ngā kaihokohoko.
Te Tauranga o Xiamen, kei te Porowini o Fujian, he wāhanga o te rōpū tauranga takutai tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Haina, e mahi ana ki Taiwan, Haina, Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti, me te taha hauauru o te Hononga o Amerika. Nā te whakaurunga o te RCEP, kua tere te tipu o ngā huarahi o te Tauranga o Xiamen ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia. I te 3 o Ākuhata, 2025, i whakarewahia e Maersk he huarahi tika mai i Xiamen ki Manila, Philippines, me te wā tuku kaipuke e 3 noa iho ngā rā.
Tauranga Qingdao, kei te Porowini o Shandong, Haina, te tauranga ipu nui rawa atu i te raki o Haina. Nō te rōpū tauranga o Bohai Rim, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā huarahi e haere ana ki Hapani, Kōrea ki te Tonga, Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti, me te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. He rite tonu te hononga o ōna tauranga ki tērā o te Tauranga o Shenzhen Yantian.
Te Tauranga o Tianjin, he wāhanga hoki nō te rōpū tauranga o Bohai Rim, e mahi ana ki ngā huarahi kaipuke ki Hapani, Kōrea ki te Tonga, Rūhia, me Āhia Waenganui. E ai ki te kaupapa Belt and Road me te whakaurunga o te RCEP, kua noho te Tauranga o Tianjin hei pokapū kaipuke matua, e hono ana i ngā whenua pēnei i a Vietnam, Thailand, me Mareia.
Te Tauranga o Dalian, kei te Porowini o Liaoning i te raki-mā-rāwhiti o Haina, i te Tai Rāwhiti o Liaodong, e mahi ana i ngā huarahi ki Hapani, Kōrea ki te Tonga, Rūhia, me Āhia Waenganui. I te tipu haere o te hokohoko me ngā whenua RCEP, kei te puta tonu ngā purongo mō ngā huarahi hou.
Te Tauranga o Hong Kong, kei te rohe o Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay o Haina, ko tētahi o ngā tauranga pukumahi rawa atu, ā, he pokapū nui hoki i roto i te mekameka tuku taonga o te ao. Nā te whakapiki ake i te hokohoko me ngā whenua mema o te RCEP kua kawea mai he whai wāhitanga hou ki te umanga kaipuke o Hong Kong.
Hapani
Nā te taunga whenua o Hapani ka wehea kia rua ngā "Tauranga o Kansai" me ngā "Tauranga o Kanto." Kei roto i ngā Tauranga o KansaiTe Tauranga o Ōsaka me te Tauranga o Kobe, ko ngā Tauranga o Kanto kei rotoTe Tauranga o Tōkyō, te Tauranga o Yokohama, me te Tauranga o NagoyaKo Yokohama te tauranga moana nui rawa atu o Hapani.
Kōrea ki te Tonga
Ko ngā tauranga nui o Kōrea ki te Tonga koTe Tauranga o Busan, Te Tauranga o Incheon, Te Tauranga o Gunsan, Te Tauranga o Mokpo, me Te Tauranga o Pohang, ko te Tauranga o Busan te mea nui rawa atu.
He mea tika kia mōhiotia, i te wā kore mahi, ka tau pea ngā kaipuke utanga e wehe atu ana i te Tauranga o Qingdao, Haina, ki te Hononga o Amerika ki te Tauranga o Busan ki te whakakī i ngā utanga kāore anō kia whakakīia, ā, ka roa pea te taenga atu ki tō rātou ūnga mō ētahi rā.
Ahitereiria
Ahitereiriakei waenganui i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te Tonga me ngā Moana Iniana. Ko ōna tauranga matua koTe Tauranga o Poihākena, Te Tauranga o Merepone, Te Tauranga o Piripane, Te Tauranga o Ātereti, me Te Tauranga o Perti, me ētahi atu
Aotearoa
Pērā i Ahitereiria,Aotearoakei Ōteania, ki te tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Ahitereiria. Ko ōna tauranga nui koTe Tauranga o Tāmaki Makaurau, Te Tauranga o Te Whanganui-a-Tara, me Te Tauranga o Ōtautahime ētahi atu
Pūruei
Ko Brunei te rohe ki te rohe o Mareia o Sarawak. Ko tona whakapaipai ko Bandar Seri Begawan, ko tona tauranga matua koMuara, te tauranga nui rawa atu o te whenua.
Cambodia
Ko Cambodia e tū tata ana ki a Thailand, ki a Laos, me Vietnam. Ko Phnom Penh tōna tāone matua, ā, ko ōna tauranga nui koSihanoukville, Phnom Penh, Koh Kong, me Siem Reap, me ētahi atu
Initonīhia
Ko Initonīhia te motu nui rawa atu o te ao, ko Jakarta tōna tāone matua. E mōhiotia ana ko te "Whenua o ngā Moutere Mano", he nui ngā tauranga o Initonīhia. Kei roto i ngā tauranga nuiJakarta, Batam, Semarang, Balikpapan, Banjarmasin, Bekasi, Belawan, me Benoa, etc.
Rāo
Ko Rāo, ko Vientiane te tāone matua, te whenua anake i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia kāore he tauranga moana. Nō reira, ko ngā huarahi wai o uta anake e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā waka, tae atu kiVientiane, Pakse, me Luang PrabangNā te kaupapa Belt and Road me te whakatinanatanga o te RCEP, kua piki ake te kaha kawe waka o te Rerewe Haina-Laos mai i tōna whakatuwheratanga, ā, kua tere ake te tipu o te hokohoko i waenga i ngā whenua e rua.
Mareia
Mareia, e wehea ana ki te Rawhiti o Mareia me te Uru o Mareia, he pokapū kaipuke matua i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia. Ko Kuala Lumpur tōna tāone matua. He maha hoki ngā moutere me ngā tauranga o te whenua, tae atu ki ngā moutere nuiPort Klang, Penang, Kuching, Bintulu, Kuantan, and Kota Kinabalu, etc.
Philippines
Te Philippines, kei te taha hauauru o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, he moutere ko Manila tōna tāone matua. Ko ngā tauranga nui koManila, Batangas, Cagayan, Cebu, me Davao, etc.
Hīngapō
HīngapōEhara i te mea he tāone nui anake a Singapore, engari he whenua anō hoki. Ko tōna tāone matua ko Singapore, ā, ko tōna tauranga matua ko Singapore anō hoki. Ko te nui o ngā ipu e tukuna ana e tōna tauranga kei roto i ngā mea teitei rawa atu o te ao, koia te pokapū whakawhiti ipu nui rawa atu o te ao.
Tairānia
Tairāniae tū tata ana ki Haina, ki Rāo, ki Cambodia, ki Mareia, me Myanmar. Ko Bangkok tōna tāone matua me tōna tāone nui rawa atu. Kei roto i ngā tauranga nuiBangkok, Laem Chabang, Lat Krabang, me Songkhla, etc.
Myanmar
Kei te taha hauauru o te Indochina Peninsula i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia a Myanmar, e tata ana ki Haina, ki Thailand, ki Laos, ki Īnia, me Bangladesh. Ko Naypyidaw tōna tāone matua. He takutai moana roa kei te Moana Iniana, me ngā tauranga nui tae atu kiYangon, Pathein, and Mawlamyine.
Whitināmu
WhitināmuHe whenua Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti kei te taha rāwhiti o te Indochina Peninsula. Ko Hanoi tōna tāone matua, ā, ko Ho Chi Minh City tōna tāone nui rawa atu. He takutai moana roa tō te whenua, me ngā tauranga nui tae atu kiHaiphong, Da Nang, me Ho Chi Minh, etc.
I runga anō i te "International Shipping Hub Development Index - RCEP Regional Report (2022)," ka aromatawaihia he taumata whakataetae.
Tetaumata ārahikei roto ko ngā Tauranga o Shanghai me Singapore, e whakaatu ana i ō rāua āheinga whānui pakari.
Tetaumata paioniakei roto ko ngā Tauranga o Ningbo-Zhoushan, Qingdao, Shenzhen, me Busan. Hei tauira, he pokapū nui a Ningbo me Shenzhen i roto i te rohe RCEP.
Tetaumata matuakei roto ko ngā Tauranga o Guangzhou, Tianjin, Tauranga Klang, Hong Kong, Kaohsiung, me Xiamen. Hei tauira, he tūranga nui tā Tauranga Klang i roto i te hokohoko o Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti, ā, he āwhina i te whakawhiti waka.
Tetaumata tuarākei roto ko ngā tauranga tauira katoa, haunga ngā tauranga kua whakahuatia ake nei, e kiia ana ko ngā pokapū kaipuke matua.
Nā te tipu haere o te hokohoko i te rohe o Āhia-Moananui-a-Kiwa i ārahi te whanaketanga o ngā umanga tauranga me te kaipuke, ā, nā reira, hei kaituku utanga, ka nui ake ngā whai wāhitanga ki a mātou ki te mahi tahi me ngā kiritaki o te rohe. He maha ngā wā ka mahi tahi a Senghor Logistics me ngā kiritaki oAhitereiria, Aotearoa, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, me ētahi atu whenua, e taurite ana i ngā wātaka tuku me ngā otinga whakahaere kia tutuki ai ā rātou hiahia. Nau mai haere mai ki ngā kawemai me ngā pātaiwhakapā mai!
Wā tuku: Akuhata-06-2025
