Zotsatira za Ndege Zachindunji motsutsana ndi Maulendo Apandege pa Ndalama Zonyamulira Ndege
Pazonyamula katundu wapadziko lonse lapansi, kusankha pakati pa maulendo apaulendo olunjika ndi kusamutsa ndege kumakhudza mtengo wamayendedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito. Monga odziwa kutumiza katundu, Senghor Logistics amasanthula momwe njira ziwirizi zimakhudzirakatundu wa ndegebajeti ndi zotsatira za ntchito.
Ndege Zachindunji: Kuchita Bwino Kwambiri
Maulendo apandege achindunji (maulendo opita kumalo) amapereka zabwino zingapo:
1. Kupewa ndalama zoyendetsera ma eyapoti: Popeza ulendo wonse umatsirizidwa ndi ndege yomweyi, kukweza ndi kutsitsa katundu, ndalama zosungiramo katundu, malipiro oyendetsa pansi pa bwalo la ndege zimapewedwa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala 15% -20% ya ndalama zonse zotumizira.
2. Kukhathamiritsa kwa kuchuluka kwamafuta: Imachotsa ndalama zambiri zonyamuka/zokwera mafuta. Kutengera zomwe zachitika mu Epulo 2025 mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwamafuta okwera ndege kuchokera ku Shenzhen kupita ku Chicago ndi 22% yamtengo wonyamula katundu, pomwe njira yomweyi yodutsa ku Seoul imaphatikiza magawo awiri amafuta, ndipo chiwongolero chaowonjezera chimakwera mpaka 28%.
3.Chepetsani chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa katundu: Popeza kuchuluka kwa nthawi yonyamula ndi kutsitsa komanso njira zachiwiri zoyendetsera katundu ndizochepa, mwayi wa kuwonongeka kwa katundu panjira zachindunji umachepetsedwa.
4.Kutengera nthawi: Zofunikira pa zowonongeka. Makamaka kwa mankhwala, gawo lalikulu la iwo limatumizidwa ndi ndege zachindunji.
Komabe, maulendo apaulendo olunjika amanyamula 25-40% mitengo yokwera chifukwa cha:
Njira zochepa zoyendetsera ndege: Ndi 18% yokha ya eyapoti padziko lonse lapansi yomwe ingathe kupereka maulendo apandege achindunji, ndipo imayenera kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri zonyamula katundu. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo wagawo la ndege zolunjika kuchokera ku Shanghai kupita ku Paris ndi 40% mpaka 60% kuposa zolumikizira ndege.
Chitsogozo chimaperekedwa ku katundu wapaulendo: Popeza ndege pakali pano zimagwiritsa ntchito ndege zonyamula anthu kunyamula katundu, malo amimba ndi ochepa. M'malo ochepa, imayenera kunyamula katundu wapaulendo ndi katundu, nthawi zambiri okwera ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri komanso katundu ngati wothandizira, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, agwiritse ntchito mokwanira malo otumizira.
Zowonjezereka za nyengo yapamwamba: Kotala yachinayi nthawi zambiri imakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri pamakampani azonyamula zinthu zakale. Nthawi ino ndi nthawi yachikondwerero chogula kunja. Kwa ogula akunja, ndi nthawi yogula katundu wambiri, ndipo kufunikira kwa malo otumizira kumakhala kwakukulu, zomwe zimakweza mtengo wa katundu.
Kusamutsa Ndege: Zotsika mtengo
Maulendo apaulendo apaulendo angapo amapereka njira zokonda bajeti:
1. Mtengo mwayi: Avereji ya 30% mpaka 50% yotsika mtengo kuposa njira zachindunji. Njira yosinthira imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa katundu kudzera pakuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa bwalo la ndege, koma pamafunika kuwerengera mosamala ndalama zobisika. Mitengo yoyambira yonyamula katundu nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika ndi 30% mpaka 50% kuposa ya ndege yachindunji, yomwe imakhala yokongola kwambiri pazambiri zopitilira 500kg.
2. Network kusinthasintha: Kufikira ku ma hubs achiwiri (mwachitsanzo, Dubai DXB, Singapore SIN, San Francisco SFO, ndi Amsterdam AMS etc.), zomwe zimalola mayendedwe apakati a katundu wochokera kosiyana. (Onani mitengo yonyamula katundu kuchokera ku China kupita ku UK ndi maulendo apaulendo olunjika komanso kusamutsa ndege.)
3. Kuthekera kwamphamvu: 40% yowonjezereka yonyamula katundu mlungu uliwonse panjira zolumikizira ndege.
Zindikirani:
1. Ulalo wamaulendo ukhoza kubweretsa ndalama zobisika monga chindapusa chosungira nthawi yowonjezereka chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa ma eyapoti apakati panyengo zomwe zidakwera kwambiri.
2. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi mtengo wanthawi. Pafupifupi, ulendo wapaulendo umatenga masiku 2-5 kuposa kuwuluka kwachindunji. Pazinthu zatsopano zokhala ndi alumali masiku 7 okha, mtengo wowonjezera wa 20% wozizira ungafunike.
Cost Comparison Matrix: Shanghai (PVG) mpaka Chicago (ORD), katundu wamba wa 1000kg)
| Factor | Ndege Yachindunji | Kuyenda kudzera ku INC |
| Base Rate | $4.80/kg | $3.90/kg |
| Kusamalira Malipiro | $220 | $480 |
| Mafuta Owonjezera | $1.10/kg | $1.45/kg |
| Nthawi Yoyenda | 1 tsiku | 3 mpaka 4 masiku |
| Risk Premium | 0.5% | 1.8% |
| Mtengo wonse/kg | $6.15 | $5.82 |
(Kuti mungonena zokha, chonde lemberani katswiri wathu wamayendedwe kuti mupeze mitengo yaposachedwa yapaulendo)
Kukongoletsedwa kwa mtengo wamayendedwe apamlengalenga padziko lonse lapansi ndikoyenerana pakati pa kayendetsedwe kabwino ka zotumiza ndi kuwongolera zoopsa. Ndege zachindunji ndizoyenera katundu wamtengo wokwera komanso wosamva nthawi, pomwe maulendo apaulendo ndi oyenera kunyamula katundu wanthawi zonse omwe samakhudzidwa ndi mtengo wake ndipo amatha kupirira mayendedwe ena. Ndi kukweza kwa digito kwa katundu wapamlengalenga, ndalama zobisika zamaulendo apandege zikuchepa pang'onopang'ono, koma ubwino wa maulendo apamtunda opita kumsika wapamwamba kwambiri udakali wosasinthika.
Ngati muli ndi zosowa zilizonse zapadziko lonse lapansi, chondekukhudzanaAlangizi othandizira a Senghor Logistics.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-29-2025
