Athini amazibuko kumazwe e-RCEP?
I-RCEP, okanye i-Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, iqalise ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni nge-1 kaJanuwari 2022. Izibonelelo zayo ziye zakhulisa ukukhula kwezorhwebo kummandla we-Asia-Pacific.
Ngoobani amaqabane e-RCEP?
Amalungu e-RCEP abandakanyaITshayina, iJapan, iSouth Korea, iOstreliya, iNew Zealand, kunye namazwe alishumi e-ASEAN (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, and Vietnam), amazwe alishumi elinesihlanu ewonke. (Azidweliswanga ngendlela ethile)
Iluchaphazela njani urhwebo lwehlabathi jikelele i-RCEP?
1. Ukunciphisa imiqobo yorhwebo: Ngaphezu kwe-90% yorhwebo lweempahla phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu luya kufikelela ngokuthe ngcembe kwiirhafu zero, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko kumashishini kummandla.
2. Ukwenza lula iinkqubo zokurhweba: Ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo zesithethe kunye nokuhlolwa kunye nemigangatho yokuvalelwa, ukukhuthaza "urhwebo olungenamaphepha," kunye nokunciphisa amaxesha okukhutshwa kwamasiko (umzekelo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-custos clearance yaseChina kwiimpahla ze-ASEAN kunyuke nge-30%).
3. Ukuxhasa inkqubo yorhwebo yamazwe ngamazwe: I-RCEP, esekelwe kumgaqo "wokuvuleleka kunye nokubandakanywa," iquka uqoqosho olukumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ophuhliso (afana neCambodia neJapan), inika imodeli yentsebenziswano yengingqi ebandakanyayo kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngoncedo lobugcisa, amazwe asele ephuhlile kakhulu anceda amazwe angamalungu angaphuhliswanga kangako (afana neLaos neMyanmar) aphucule amandla awo orhwebo kunye nezikhewu emxinwa yophuhliso lommandla.
Ukungena ngokunyanzeliswa kwe-RCEP kunyuse urhwebo kwingingqi ye-Asia-Pacific, ngelixa ikwavelisa imfuno yokuthumela ngenqanawa. Apha, i-Senghor Logistics iya kubonisa amazibuko abalulekileyo kumazwe angamalungu e-RCEP kwaye ihlalutye inzuzo eyodwa yokhuphiswano kwamanye ala mazibuko.
eTshayina
Ngenxa yophuhliso lweshishini lorhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina kunye nembali ende yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, iTshayina izidla ngamazibuko amaninzi ukusuka emazantsi ukuya emantla. Izibuko ezidumileyo ziqukaIShanghai, iNingbo, iShenzhen, iGuangzhou, iXiamen, iQingdao, iDalian, iTianjin, neHong Kong, njl, kwakunye namazibuko ecaleni koMlambo iYangtze, njengeeChongqing, eWuhan, naseNanjing.
I-China ithatha i-8 ye-10 ephezulu ye-8 ye-8 ye-8 ye-8 ye-10 izibuko ngokugqithiswa kwempahla, ubungqina borhwebo oluqinileyo.
Izibuko laseShanghaiiqhayisa ngelona nani likhulu leendlela zorhwebo zangaphandle eTshayina, ezingaphezulu kwama-300, ngakumbi iindlela eziphuhliswe kakuhle ezidlula iPasifiki, zaseYurophu, naseJapan-South Korea. Ngexesha lexesha eliphakamileyo, xa amanye amazibuko exinana, ukuhamba rhoqo kweenqanawa zeMatson Shipping CLX ukusuka eShanghai ukuya eLos Angeles kuthatha iintsuku ezili-11 kuphela.
Izibuko laseNingbo-Zhoushan, elinye izibuko elikhulu kwiDelta yoMlambo iYangtze, likwanothungelwano lwempahla oluphuculwe kakuhle, oluneendlela zokuthumela ngenqanawa eziya eYurophu, kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia, naseOstreliya. Indawo enenzuzo yejografi yezibuko ivumela ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwi-Yiwu, ivenkile enkulu yehlabathi.
Shenzhen Izibuko, eneZibuko laseYantian kunye neSibuko saseShekou njengezona ziphambili zokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle, zikuMazantsi eTshayina. Isebenza ikakhulu kwiindlela zePasifiki, iSoutheast Asia, kunye neJapan-South Korea, iyenza ibe lelinye lawona mazibuko axakekileyo emhlabeni. Isebenzisa indawo ekuyo kunye nokungena ekusebenzeni kweRCEP, iShenzhen iziqhayisa ngeendlela ezininzi kunye ezixineneyo zokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle ngolwandle kunye nomoya. Ngenxa yotshintsho lwakutsha nje lokwenziwa kwemveliso kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia, uninzi lwamazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia akanazo iindlela zokuthumela ngenqanawa elwandle, nto leyo ekhokelela kuthutho olubalulekileyo lokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-Asia-mpuma ukuya eYurophu nase-United States ngeYantian Port.
NjengeShenzhen Port,Izibuko laseGuangzhouikwiPhondo laseGuangdong kwaye iyinxalenye yeqela lezibuko lasePearl River Delta. Izibuko layo laseNansha lizibuko lamanzi anzulu, libonelela ngeendlela eziluncedo eziya eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, eAfrika, kuMbindi Mpuma, nakuMzantsi Merika. I-Guangzhou inembali ende yokurhweba ngaphandle kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle, singasathethi ke ukuba ibambe ngaphezu kwe-100 Canton Fairs, itsala abarhwebi abaninzi.
Xiamen Port, elikwiPhondo laseFujian, liyinxalenye yeqela lezibuko elikumzantsi-mpuma weTshayina, elinceda iTaiwan, iTshayina, iSoutheast Asia, nentshona yeUnited States. Enkosi ekungeneni ekusebenzeni kwe-RCEP, iindlela ze-Xiamen Port's Southeast Asia nazo zikhule ngokukhawuleza. Ngomhla we-3 ka-Agasti, i-2025, i-Maersk yaqalisa indlela ethe ngqo ukusuka e-Xiamen ukuya e-Manila, e-Philippines, kunye nexesha lokuthunyelwa kweentsuku ze-3 kuphela.
Izibuko laseQingdao, ekwiPhondo laseShandong, eTshayina, lelona zibuko likhulu kumantla eTshayina. Yeqela lezibuko le-Bohai Rim kwaye ngokuyintloko isebenza ngeendlela eziya eJapan, eMzantsi Korea, eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, nakwi-trans-Pacific. Ukuqhagamshelwa kwezibuko layo kuthelekiseka naleyo yaseShenzhen Yantian Port.
Izibuko laseTianjin, ekwayinxalenye yeqela lezibuko laseBohai Rim, linceda kwiinqanawa eziya eJapan, eMzantsi Korea, eRashiya, nakuMbindi Asia. Ngokuhambelana ne-Belt and Road Initiative kunye nokungena ekusebenzeni kwe-RCEP, i-Tianjin Port ibe yindawo ephambili yokuthumela inqanawa, idibanisa amazwe afana neVietnam, iThailand kunye neMalaysia.
Dalian Port, elikwiPhondo laseLiaoning kumntla-mpuma weTshayina, kuSingasiqithi weLiaodong, ikakhulu linceda iindlela eziya eJapan, eMzantsi Korea, eRashiya nakuMbindi Asia. Ngokukhula korhwebo kunye namazwe e-RCEP, iindaba zeendlela ezintsha ziyaqhubeka nokuvela.
Izibuko laseHong Kong, ibekwe e-China e-Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, ikwalelona zibuko lixakekileyo kunye ne-hub enkulu kwi-global supply chain. Ukwanda korhwebo namazwe angamalungu e-RCEP kuzise amathuba amatsha kushishino lweenqanawa lwaseHong Kong.
Japhan
Indawo yejografi yaseJapan iyahlulahlula ibe yi "Kansai Ports" kunye "neKanto Ports." Kansai Ports zibandakanyaI-Osaka Port kunye ne-Kobe Port, ngelixa i-Kanto Ports ibandakanyaIzibuko laseTokyo, iPort Yokohama, kunye neNagoya Port. I-Yokohama lelona zibuko likhulu laseJapan.
Khoriya eseMzantsi
Amazibuko amakhulu aseMzantsi Korea aqukaIzibuko laseBusan, iPort Incheon, iPort Gunsan, iMokpo Port, kunye nePohang Port, kunye neBusan Port iyeyona inkulu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngexesha lexesha elingekhoyo, iinqanawa zemithwalo ezisuka eQingdao Port, eChina, ukuya eUnited States zinokubiza eBusan Port ukuba zigcwalise imithwalo engazaliswanga, okubangela ukulibaziseka kweentsuku ezininzi kwindawo yazo.
Ostreliya
Ostreliyaibekwe phakathi koMzantsi Pasifiki kunye noLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya. Amazibuko ayo amakhulu abandakanyaIzibuko laseSydney, izibuko laseMelbourne, izibuko laseBrisbane, iPort Adelaide, kunye nePerth Port, njl.
I-New Zealand
NjengeOstreliya,I-New Zealandibekwe eOceania, kumzantsi-mpuma weOstreliya. Amazibuko ayo amakhulu abandakanyaI-Auckland Port, i-Wellington Port, kunye ne-Christchurch Portnjl.
Bruneyi
IBrunei imida yelizwe laseMalaysia laseSarawak. Ikomkhulu layo yiBandar Seri Begawan, kwaye izibuko layo eliphambili liMuara, elona zibuko likhulu elizweni.
Khambodiya
IKhambodiya imida eThailand, eLaos naseVietnam. Ikomkhulu layo yiPhnom Penh, kwaye amazibuko ayo amakhulu abandakanyaeSihanoukville, ePhnom Penh, eKoh Kong, naseSiem Reap, njl.
Indoneshiya
I-Indonesia lelona chwebakazi likhulu ehlabathini, iJakarta njengekomkhulu layo. Eyaziwa ngokuba “liLizwe leZiqithi Eziliwaka,” i-Indonesia inamazibuko amaninzi. izibuko ezinkulu ziqukaIJakarta, iBatam, iSemarang, iBalikpapan, iBanjarmasin, iBekasi, iBelawan, neBenoa, njl.
Lawos
ILaos, eneVientiane njengekomkhulu layo, kuphela kwelizwe elivaliweyo kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia elingenazibuko. Ke ngoko, ukuthuthwa kuxhomekeke kuphela kumanzi angaphakathi, kubandakanywaIVientiane, iPakse, kunye neLuang Prabang. Ndiyabulela kwi-Belt and Road Initiative kunye nokuphunyezwa kwe-RCEP, i-China-Laos Railway ibone ukwandisa umthamo wezothutho ukususela ekuvulweni kwayo, okukhokelela ekukhuleni ngokukhawuleza kwezorhwebo phakathi kwamazwe amabini.
Maleyishiya
Maleyishiya, eyahlulahlulwe yaba yiMpuma yeMalaysia kunye neNtshona yeMalaysia, yindawo ephambili yokuthumela inqanawa kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia. Ikomkhulu layo yiKuala Lumpur. Ilizwe likwaqhayisa ngeziqithi ezininzi kunye namazibuko, kunye nezikhulu ezibandakanyaIPort Klang, Penang, Kuching, Bintulu, Kuantan, neKota Kinabalu, njl.
Filipayinzi
KwiiPhilippines, ibekwe kwintshona yoLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, lichwebakazi elinekomkhulu layo yiManila. izibuko ezinkulu ziqukaManila, Batangas, Cagayan, Cebu, Davao, njl.
Singapho
Singapho ayisosixeko kuphela kodwa ikwalilizwe. Ikomkhulu layo yiSingapore, kwaye izibuko layo elikhulu likwayiSingapore. Isikhululo sesikhongozeli sezibuko saso siphakathi kwezona ziphezulu emhlabeni, nto leyo eyenza ibe yeyona ndawo inkulu yokuthunyelwa kweekhonteyina ehlabathini.
Thayilendi
Thayilendi imida yaseTshayina, iLaos, iKhambodiya, iMalaysia, neMyanmar. Ikomkhulu layo kunye nesona sixeko sikhulu yiBangkok. izibuko ezinkulu ziqukaIBangkok, iLaem Chabang, iLat Krabang, kunye neSongkhla, njl.
Miyanimar
IMyanmar ikummandla osentshona wePeninsula ye-Indochina kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia, kumda waseTshayina, eThailand, eLaos, eIndiya naseBangladesh. Ikomkhulu layo yiNaypyidaw. IMyanmar inamanxweme omde kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, inamazibuko amakhulu kuqukaYangon, Pathein, kunye ne Mawlamyine.
Viyethnam
Viyethnamlilizwe elikuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia elibekwe kwimpuma ye-Indochina Peninsula. Ikomkhulu layo yiHanoi, kwaye eyona dolophu inkulu sisiXeko saseHo Chi Minh. Ilizwe liqhayisa unxweme olude, kunye namazibuko amakhulu kuqukaIHaiphong, iDa Nang, kunye neHo Chi Minh, njl.
Ngokusekwe "kwi-International Shipping Hub Development Index - Ingxelo yeNgingqi yeRCEP (2022)," inqanaba lokukhuphisana liyavavanywa.
Iinqanaba eliphambiliibandakanya iZibuko zaseShanghai naseSingapore, ebonisa izakhono zabo ezibanzi.
Iinqanaba lobuvulindlelaiquka amazibuko eNingbo-Zhoushan, Qingdao, Shenzhen, naseBusan. I-Ningbo kunye ne-Shenzhen, umzekelo, zombini zi-hubs ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kwingingqi ye-RCEP.
Iinqanaba eliphezuluiquka iZibuko zaseGuangzhou, eTianjin, ePort Klang, eHong Kong, eKaohsiung, naseXiamen. IPort Klang, umzekelo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo kurhwebo lwase-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia kwaye iququzelela ukuhamba.
Iinqanaba lomqoloibandakanya onke amanye amazibuko eisampulu, ngaphandle kwala mazibuko akhankanywe ngasentla, athathwa njengeendawo zokuthumela ngenqanawa.
Ukukhula kwezorhwebo kummandla we-Asia-Pacific kuye kwaqhuba uphuhliso lwezibuko kunye namashishini okuthutha, esinika thina, njengabathumeli bempahla, ngamathuba amaninzi okusebenzisana nabathengi kummandla. ISenghor Logistics ihlala isebenzisana nabathengi abavelaAustralia, New Zealand, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, kunye namanye amazwe, ukuthelekisa ngokuchanekileyo iishedyuli zokuthumela kunye nezisombululo zolungiselelo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo. Abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle abanemibuzo bamkelekileQhagamshelana nathi!
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-06-2025
