Uyini umehluko ekusebenzeni kahle kwesikhathi phakathi kwempahla yolwandle eya emnyango kanye nempahla yolwandle eya echwebeni?
Njengomthumeli wezimpahla ochwepheshe, ukuqonda umehluko wokusebenza kahle kwesikhathi phakathiimithwalo yolwandleUkuthutha ngemoto ukuya emnyango kanye nokuthutha ngemoto olwandle ukuya echwebeni kubalulekile, njengoba kusiza amakhasimende ethu ukuthi enze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngezokuthutha. Nakuba zombili izindlela zisebenzisa kakhulu ukuthutha ngemoto olwandle, umehluko esikhathini sokuthutha ungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuhleleni uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Ake sihlole ukuqhathanisa ukuze sicacise lo mehluko obalulekile.
1. Kusho ukuthini ukuthi "ukuthutha ngomkhumbi ukuya echwebeni"?
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla olwandle kuya echwebeni kusho ukuthi uma izimpahla sezifikile echwebeni lapho ziya khona futhi zithululiwe, umthwalo wemfanelo womthumeli wempahla uyaphela.Umngenisi unesibopho salokhu:
- Ukuvunyelwa kwentela echwebeni lapho uya khona;
- Thatha izimpahla echwebeni;
- Ukuhamba ngomgwaqo noma ngesitimela kusuka echwebeni kuya endaweni yakho yokugcina impahla.
Isikhathi esijwayelekile:
Ukulungiswa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kanye nokuvunyelwa kwentela:Izinsuku zokusebenza ezingu-0.5-3 (akukho ukuhlolwa: usuku lokusebenza olu-0.5-1; ukuhlolwa: izinsuku zokusebenza ezingu-1-3).
Isikhathi sokuthutha ngolwandle:Kuye ngebanga lomzila. Isibonelo, ukuthunyelwa kusuka eShayina kuya eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia kuthatha izinsuku ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10, ukuthunyelwa kusuka eShayina kuya e-US West Coast kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-18, ukuthunyelwa eYurophu kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-25 kuya kwezingama-35, kanti eNingizimu Melika nase-Afrika kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwezingama-45. Imikhumbi eqondile ishesha kakhulu, kuyilapho imikhumbi yokuthunyelwa idinga izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7 ezengeziwe zokuthunyelwa kanye nokubekwa endaweni yokuhlala.
Ukulayisha echwebeni lokuya kulo:Izinsuku zokusebenza ezingu-0.5 kuya kwezingu-3 (ama-port abushelelezi: usuku olu-0.5 kuya ku-1; ama-port aminyene: usuku olu-1 kuya kwezingu-3).
Isikhathi esiphelele sokufika kwempahla yolwandle echwebeni empeleni siyisamba sezingxenye ezintathu ezingenhla, kanti ukungaqiniseki kugxile kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwentela kanye nokuminyana kwechweba.
2. Kusho ukuthini ukuthi "ukuthutha ngomkhumbi ukuya emnyango"?
Lena indawo eyodwa,kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleniisevisi. Iqala ngokulanda izimpahla endaweni yokugcina impahla yomhlinzeki (ichweba lokusuka kulo) futhi ihlanganisa zonke izici: isimemezelo samasiko okuthumela ngaphandle, imithwalo yasolwandle, ukungeniswa kwempahla echwebeni lokuya kulo, ukuthathwa kwempahla echwebeni, bese ekugcineni ilethwa ngqo ekhelini lakho elikhethiwe (ichweba lokuya kulo). Udinga nje ukunikeza ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nezimpahla kanye nekheli lokulethwa, futhi umthumeli wempahla uzophatha zonke izinqubo ezilandelayo egameni lakho, okukuvumela ukuthi ufeze "izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhululekile zokukhathazeka".
Ngokuphathelene nesikhathi, ngaphezu kwezinyathelo zokuqala zokufika echwebeni, kunezinyathelo ezengeziwe ezifana nokuthiukuthululwa kwempahla ethekwini lokuya kulo, ukulandwa okuhleliwe, ukuthutha ngamaloli, ukulethwa kwempahla ngekhilomitha lokugcina, kanye nokugcinwa/ukulethwa emnyangoKonke lokhu kuyimisebenzi eyenzeka emhlabeni eqala ngemva kokuba uhambo lwasolwandle seluqediwe, futhi kuyimbangela eyinhloko yomehluko wesikhathi.
Isikhathi esijwayelekile:
Umkhumbi ufika echwebeni oya kulo, bese wehliselwa echwebeni (usuku olu-1 kuya kwezi-2)
I-ejenti yendawo ikhipha amasiko kusengaphambili ngaphambi kokufika (uma kuvunyelwe) (usuku olu-1 kuya ku-5, kuye ngokuthi iyahambisana yini nemithetho)
Ukuthuthwa komhlaba (iloli/isitimela) kusuka echwebeni kuya endaweni yakho yokugcina impahla (izinsuku ezingu-0.5 kuya kwezingu-7, kuye ngebanga)
Isikhathi esiphelele ngemva kokufika:Isilinganiso sezinsuku ezimbili kuya kweziyi-10, kodwa singanwetshwa sibe ngaphezu kwamasonto amabili uma kukhona ukuhlolwa kwentela noma ukuminyana kwamachweba.
3. Inkomba Yecala (Ukuthatha iShayina iye e-US Njengesibonelo)
Ukuze senze umehluko wesikhathi ube lula, sithatha indlela evamile eya e-"China (Shanghai/Shenzhen) eya e-US (e-Los Angeles/New York)" njengesibonelo, bese ubhala isikhathi esivamile sazo zombili izinsizakalo (ngaphandle kwezimo ezikhethekile njengesimo sezulu esibi kanye neziteleka zasechwebeni):
Imithwalo yolwandle eya echwebeni(Ichweba laseShayina eliya echwebeni laseLos Angeles lase-US): izinsuku ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-18 (isikhathi sokuthunyelwa kwempahla olwandle: izinsuku ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-15; ukuvunyelwa kwentela yokuthumela ngaphandle + ukuthululwa kwempahla echwebeni: izinsuku ezingu-2 kuya kwezingu-3).
Imithwalo yolwandle eya emnyango(Indawo yokugcina impahla ephakelayo yaseShayina eya endaweni yokugcina impahla yokungenisa impahla e-US eLos Angeles): Izinsuku ezingu-15 kuya kwezingu-25 (ngokusekelwe esikhathini sokuya echwebeni, ukwengeza imvume yentela yokungenisa impahla: Izinsuku ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-3 + ukulethwa ngaphakathi kwezwe: Izinsuku ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-2).
Imithwalo yolwandle eya echwebeni(Ichweba laseShayina eliya echwebeni lase-US New York): Izinsuku ezingama-25 kuya kwezingama-35 (isikhathi sokuthunyelwa kwempahla olwandle: Izinsuku ezingama-25 kuya kwezingama-30; ukuvunyelwa kwentela yokuthumela ngaphandle + ukuthululwa kwempahla echwebeni: Izinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezingama-3).
Imithwalo yolwandle eya emnyango(Indawo yokugcina impahla ephakelayo yaseShayina eya endaweni yokugcina impahla yokungenisa impahla e-US eNew York): Izinsuku ezingama-28 kuya kwezingama-42 (ngokusekelwe esikhathini sokuya echwebeni, ukwengeza imvume yentela yokungenisa impahla: Izinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezi-3 + ukulethwa ngaphakathi kwezwe: Izinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3).
4. Izici Eziphawulekayo Ezithinta Ukusebenza Kahle
(1) Ukuminyana Kwechweba Nokulibaziseka
Zombili izinsizakalo zithintwa ukuminyana kwechweba, kodwa ukubambezeleka echwebeni lapho uya khona kwandisa ngqo isikhathi sokuhamba kwemithwalo yolwandle eya emnyango ngenxa yemiphumela yokwehla kwempahla ekuthuthweni kwangaphakathi nezwe.
(2) Ukusebenza Kahle Kokukhokhwa Kwentela
Lokhu kuyisici esibalulekile. Uma inqubo yokususa izimpahla ezweni lapho uya khona ilula futhi imibhalo iphelele futhi inembile, ukususwa kwezimpahla ezingeniswayo kungaqedwa zingakapheli izinsuku zokusebenza ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlolwa kwezimpahla kuqiniswa (isib.izimpahla ezizwelayo, ukubika okuncane kwenani), noma uma ulwazi lwedokhumenti lungalungile, lungekho, noma lungahambisani nezimpahla zangempela, isikhathi sokukhishwa kwempahla sizokwandiswa kakhulu, futhi umehluko wesikhathi phakathi kokuthunyelwa kwempahla endlini ngendlu kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla echwebeni uzokhula ngokufanele. Abathumeli bempahla abangochwepheshe bangakusiza ukugwema ukubambezeleka okunjalo ngokuhlola amadokhumenti kusengaphambili kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokukhishwa kwempahla kusengaphambili.
(3) Ibanga Lokulethwa Elihamba Ngemayela Lokugcina
Uma umthumeli engaphakathi nezwe, kude nechweba, ukulethwa kwemayela lokugcina kuzokwengeza ezinye izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7. Isibonelo, kusukela emachwebeni aseWest Coast kuya eMidwest nase-East Coast yase-United States, noma kusukela emachwebeni aseYurophu kuya emazweni angaphakathi nezwe, ibanga likhulu, umehluko uba mkhulu.
(4) Uhlobo Lwezimpahla Nobunzima Bokusebenza
Ezimpahleni ze-LCL, isevisi yokungena endlini ngendlu idinga ukwengeza isikhathi sokukhipha impahla nokuhlunga endaweni yokugcina impahla (izinsuku zokusebenza ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2), okuzokwandisa igebe lesikhathi; ezimpahleni ze-FCL, zingathuthwa ngqo zisuka echwebeni ziye emnyango, futhi igebe lesikhathi lincane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpahla ezikhethekile (njengezimpahla eziyingozi, izimpahla ezibuthakathaka) zidinga ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kanye nezinqubo zokusebenza, okuzophinde kwandise isikhathi sesevisi yokungena endlini ngendlu.
(5) Izici Zesizini Nezemakethe
Izinkathi zokuthunyelwa ezisezingeni eliphezulu (njengeholide lekota yesine), imicimbi yezepolitiki, iziteleka, njll., zingathinta ngokungalingani izikhathi zokulethwa endlini ngendlu ngoba lezi zici zidala ingcindezi eqongelelekayo kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
5. Ngokusekelwe ezimweni zangempela zemakethe, umehluko wesikhathi ojwayelekile ungafingqwa kanje:
Imithwalo yolwandle ye-FCL (Umthwalo Ogcwele Wesitsha):Ukulethwa kwempahla ngemikhumbi kuya emnyango kuhamba kancane ngezinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyi-7 kunokuthuthwa ngemikhumbi kuya echwebeni.
Imithwalo yolwandle ye-LCL (Engaphansi Komthwalo Wesitsha):Ukulethwa kwempahla ngemikhumbi kuya emnyango kuhamba kancane ngezinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-14 kunokuthuthwa ngemikhumbi kuya echwebeni.
Ukuminyana kwesizini ephezulu:Ukulethwa kwempahla ngemikhumbi kuya emnyango kuhamba kancane ngezinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kwezingama-20 kunokulethwa kwempahla ngemikhumbi kuya echwebeni.
6. Yikuphi Okungcono Kuwe?
Khetha i-Ocean Freight to Port uma:
Unethimba lezokuthutha elinolwazi enkampanini yakho;
Usuvele usebenza nabathengisi bendawo kanye nezinkampani zamaloli;
Ufuna ukulawula isinyathelo ngasinye ngokwaso;
Ukonga izindleko kuyinto eza kuqala kuwe.
Khetha izimpahla zasolwandle eziya emnyango uma:
Ufuna inqubo ebushelelezi;
Awunalo ulwazi lwezokuthutha lwendawo;
Ukhetha ikhambi elingasetshenziswa ngesandla;
Ufuna ukulawula isikhathi sezokuthutha kanye nezindleko ngokunembe kakhudlwana
7. Isikhumbuzo Sokugcina: Unganciphisa Kanjani Igebe Lesikhathi Senkonzo Yomnyango Nomnyango?
Uma ukhetha isevisi yokungena endlini ngendlu kodwa ufuna ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuthutha, sicela uqaphele okulandelayo:
(1) Qinisekisa ukuthi yonke imibhalo yokukhishwa kwempahla inembile futhi ihambisana nolwazi lwangempela lwempahla ukuze kugwenywe ukubambezeleka ngenxa yezinkinga zemibhalo.
(2) Khetha inkampani yokuthutha izimpahla enezinsiza eziningi zasendaweni, ulwazi, kanye nobungcweti echwebeni lokuya kulo. Bayakwazi ukuphatha kahle ukusulwa kwezimpahla zamasiko, ukuxhumanisa ukuthutha kwangaphakathi nezwe ngesikhathi, kanye nokusabela ngokushesha ezimweni eziphuthumayo.
(3) Ungalandelela izindawo zemikhumbi kanye nezikhathi zokufika ngesikhathi sangempela usebenzisa izinombolo zezitsha, okukuvumela ukuthi ulungise izinhlelo zempahla kanye nokukhiqiza kusengaphambili.
(4) Gwema izinkathi zonyaka ezimatasa (njengeKhisimusi kanye noLwesihlanu Olumnyama) noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Uma kufanele uthumele ngezikhathi zonyaka ezimatasa, sicela ulungiselele izimpahla zakho kusenesikhathi futhi unikeze isikhathi esanele sokubhekana nokuminyana kwemikhumbi nezinye izinkinga.
(5) Uma uthumela impahla ngokushesha, khetha imikhumbi eqondile esikhundleni semikhumbi yokuthutha impahla, okungonga izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7 zesikhathi sokuthutha impahla.
I-Senghor Logistics isiphelileIminyaka eyi-14 yesipiliyoniekusingatheni ukuthunyelwa kwendlu ngendlu. Sizobuyekeza yonke imibhalo oyithumelayo wena nabaphakeli bakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyalandelwa imithetho. Sinezithunywa ze-WCA zesikhathi eside ezisebenzisanayo e-IYurophu, iMelika, iCanada, ne-AustraliaEzifundazweni ezingu-50 zase-United States, sinazoama-ejenti aqondileUkusingatha ukuhlanzwa kwempahla kanye nokulethwa kwayo. Ithimba lethu lenkonzo yamakhasimende lizolandelela isimo sempahla yakho futhi linikeze impendulo ngesikhathi esifanele.izinkathi eziphakeme, sizokwazisa amakhasimende kusenesikhathi ngokubambezeleka okungenzeka. Ngokusekelwe kulokho okukukhathazayo.izidingo zesikhathi, sizohlela amashejuli okuthumela afanele futhi sihlanganise ukulethwa nama-ejenti endawo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-21-2026
