Mushure mekuderedzwa kwemitero yeChina neUS, chii chakaitika kumitero yekutakura zvinhu?
Sekureva kwe "Joint Statement on China-US Economic and Trade Meeting in Geneva" yakaburitswa musi wa12 Chivabvu 2025, mativi maviri aya akasvika pakubvumirana kwakakosha kunotevera:
Mitengo yakaderedzwa zvakanyanya:US yakadzima 91% yemitero yakaisirwa pazvinhu zveChina muna Kubvumbi 2025, uye China yakadzima panguva imwe chete mitero yekuwedzera yakafanana; pamutengo we34% we "reciprocal tariff", mativi ese akamisa 24% yekuwedzera (zvichichengeta 10%) kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe.
Kugadziriswa kwemitero uku pasina mubvunzo inguva huru yekuchinja kukuru muhukama hwehupfumi nekutengeserana pakati peChina neUS. Mazuva makumi mapfumbamwe anotevera achava nguva yakakosha yekuti mativi maviri aya arambe achitaurirana uye kukurudzira kuramba kuchivandudzwa kwehukama hwehupfumi nekutengeserana.
Saka, chii chiri kukanganisa vanopinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika?
1. Kuderedzwa kwemitengo: Chikamu chekutanga chekuderedzwa kwemitero chinotarisirwa kuderedza mitengo yekutengeserana pakati peChina neUS ne12%. Parizvino, maodha ari kudzoreredzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, mafekitori ekuChina ari kukurumidza kugadzira, uye vanotenga zvinhu kubva kuUS vari kutangazve mapurojekiti.
2. Zvinotarisirwa pamitero zvakagadzikana: mativi maviri aya akagadzira nzira yekutaurirana yekuderedza njodzi yekuchinja kwemitemo, uye makambani anogona kuronga nzira dzekutenga nebhajeti rezvekufambisa zvinhu nemazvo.
Dzidza zvimwe:
Zvinotora matanho mangani kubva kufekitori kusvika kune anotumira zvinhu zvekupedzisira?
Kukanganiswa kwemitengo yekutakura zvinhu mushure mekuderedzwa kwemitero:
Mushure mekuderedzwa kwemitero, vanotenga zvinhu kunze kwenyika vanogona kukurumidzisa kudzorerwa kwezvinhu kuti vatore musika, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekuda kwenzvimbo dzekutakura zvinhu munguva pfupi, uye makambani mazhinji ekutakura zvinhu akazivisa kukwira kwemitengo. Nekudzikira kwemitero, vatengi vakanga vakamirira kare vakatanga kutizivisa kuti tiise zvinhu mumakontena kuti zvitakurwe.
Kubva pamitengo yekutakura zvinhu yakagadziridzwa nemakambani ekutakura zvinhu kusvika kuSenghor Logistics kwehafu yechipiri yaChivabvu (Chivabvu 15 kusvika Chivabvu 31, 2025), yakawedzera ne50% zvichienzaniswa nehafu yekutanga yemwedzi.Asi hazvigone kuramba kuenderera mberi kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinotumirwa. Munhu wese anoda kushandisa mukana wenguva ino yemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe yekutumira, saka mwaka wepamusoro wekutakura zvinhu uchasvika kare kupfuura makore apfuura. Panguva imwe chete, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti makambani ekutakura zvinhu ari kutamisa huwandu hwezvinhu zvinotumirwa kuUS line, uye nzvimbo yacho yatove shoma. Mutengo weMutsetse weUSyakakwira zvakanyanya, ichikwirawekuCanadauyeSouth AmericaSezvatakafanotaura, mutengo wakwira uye nzvimbo yekubhuka yava kuoma ikozvino, uye takabatikana kubatsira vatengi kutora nzvimbo zuva nezuva.
Semuenzaniso, Hapag-Lloyd akazivisa kuti kubvaChivabvu 15, 2025, GRI kubva kuAsia kuenda kuWest South America, East South America, Mexico, Central America neCaribbean ichavepo.US$500 pamudziyo une 20ft uye US$1,000 pamudziyo une 40ft. (Mitengo yePuerto Rico neUS Virgin Islands ichakwira kubva muna Chikumi 5.)
Musi wa15 Chivabvu, kambani yekutakura zvinhu yeCMA CGM yakazivisa kuti yaizotanga kubhadharisa mari yekuwedzera yemwaka wepamusoro wemusika weTranspacific East kubvaChikumi 15, 2025Nzira iyi inobva kumachiteshi ese eAsia (kusanganisira Far East) kana kuti inoenda kumachiteshi ese ekubuditsa mvura muUnited States (kunze kweHawaii) neCanada kana nzvimbo dziri mukati menyika kuburikidza nemachiteshi ari pamusoro apa. Mari yekuwedzera ichaveUS$3,600 pamudziyo we 20ft uye US$4,000 pamudziyo we 40ft.
Musi wa23 Chivabvu, Maersk yakazivisa kuti yaizoisa muripo wepamusoro wemwaka wePSS paFar East kuenda kuCentral America neCaribbean/South America West Coast routes, neMuripo wekuwedzera wemidziyo yemagaba ine 20-foot weUS$1,000 uye muripo wekuwedzera wemidziyo yemagaba ine 40-foot weUS$2,000Ichatanga kushanda musi wa6 Chikumi, uye Cuba ichatanga kushanda musi wa21 Chikumi. Musi wa6 Chikumi, muripo wekuwedzera kubva kuChina, Hong Kong, China, neMacau kuenda kuArgentina, Brazil, Paraguay, neUruguay uchaveUS$500 yemidziyo ine makumbo makumi maviri uye US$1,000 yemidziyo ine makumbo makumi mana, uye kubva kuTaiwan, China, ichatanga kushanda kubva muna Chikumi 21.
Musi wa27 Chivabvu, Maersk yakazivisa kuti ichabhadharisa Heavy Load Surcharge kubva kuFar East kuenda kuWest Coast yeSouth America, Central America neCaribbean kutanga kubva muna Chikumi 5. Uyu mutero wekuwedzera wezvinhu zvinorema zvemidziyo yakaoma ine 20-foot, uye mutero wekuwedzera weUS$400ichabhadhariswa kana huremu hwakasimbiswa (VGM) (> 20 metric tonnes) hwenhumbi hwapfuura chiyero chehuremu.
Kukwira kwemitengo yemakambani ekutakura zvinhu kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.
1. Mutemo wekare weUS wekuti "mari yemutero" wakakanganisa kurongeka kwemusika, zvikaita kuti mamwe marongero ekutakura zvinhu panzira dzekuNorth America adzimwe, kudzikira kukuru kwekubhuka kwemusika, uye kumiswa kana kudzikiswa kwemamwe marongero ekuenda kuUnited States neinenge 70%. Zvino sezvo mitengo yagadziriswa uye kudiwa kwemusika kunotarisirwa kuwedzera, makambani ekutakura zvinhu ari kuedza kutsiva kurasikirwa kwakare uye kudzikamisa purofiti nekukwidza mitengo.
2. Musika wepasi rose wekutakura zvinhu unotarisana nematambudziko akawanda, akadai sekuwedzera kwekuzara kwevanhu muzviteshi zvikuru zvengarava muAsia neEurope, dambudziko reGungwa Dzvuku richikonzera nzira kudarika Africa, uye kuwedzera kwemitengo yekufambisa zvinhu, zvese izvi zvakaita kuti makambani ekutakura zvinhu awedzere mitengo yekutakura zvinhu.
3. Kuwanikwa kwezvinhu nezvinodiwa hazvienzane. Vatengi vekuAmerica vakaisa maodha akawanda, uye vari kuda kuzadza masheya nekukurumidza. Vari kunetsekawo kuti pachava nekuchinja kwemitero yeramangwana, saka kudiwa kwekutakura zvinhu kubva kuChina kwawedzera munguva pfupi. Dai pasina dambudziko remitero yapfuura, zvinhu zvakatumirwa muna Kubvumbi zvingadai zvakasvika muUnited States pari zvino.
Pamusoro pezvo, pakaburitswa mutemo wemitero muna Kubvumbi, makambani mazhinji ekutakura zvinhu akatamisa kugona kwavo kutumira zvinhu kuEurope neLatin America. Zvino sezvo kuda kwacho kwadzokazve, kugona kwekutumira zvinhu hakugone kugutsa kudiwa kwenguva yakati, zvichikonzera kusawirirana kukuru pakati pekuwanikwa kwezvinhu nekudiwa, uye nzvimbo yekutumira zvinhu yave yakaoma zvikuru.
Kubva pamaonero ehurongwa hwezvinhu zvinotengeswa pasi rose, kudzikiswa kwemitero kunoratidza kuchinja kwekutengeserana kweChina neUS kubva pa "kurwisana" kuenda ku "kutonga mutambo", zvichiwedzera chivimbo chemusika uye zvichidzikamisa hurongwa hwezvinhu zvinotengeswa pasi rose. Shandisa nguva yekuchinja kwemitengo uye shandura mibairo yemitemo kuita mabhenefiti emakwikwi kuburikidza nemhinduro dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinhu zvinotengeswa uye kuvaka kuchinjika kwehurongwa hwezvinhu zvinotengeswa.
Asi panguva imwe chete, kukwira kwemitengo uye nzvimbo shoma yekutumira zvinhu mumusika wekutumira zvinhu zvakaunzawo matambudziko matsva kumakambani ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika, zvichiwedzera mitengo yekufambisa zvinhu uye matambudziko ekufambisa. Parizvino,Senghor Logistics iri kuteverawo zviri kuitika pamusika, ichipa vatengi yambiro dzekubatanidza mitero nekutakura zvinhu pamwe nemhinduro dzakagadzirwa kuti vabatane pamwe chete netsika itsva yekutengeserana kwepasi rose.
Dzidza zvimwe:
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-15-2025
