Emva kokuthotywa kwamaxabiso e-China-US, kwenzeka ntoni kumaxabiso othutho?
Ngokwe "Ngxelo eDityanisiweyo ngeNtlanganiso yoQoqosho noRhwebo yase-China-US e-Geneva" eyakhutshwa nge-12 kaMeyi, 2025, la macala mabini afikelele kwimvumelwano engundoqo ilandelayo:
Imirhumo yancitshiswa kakhulu:i-US irhoxise i-91% yeerhafu ezibekwe kwiimpahla zaseTshayina ngo-Epreli 2025, kwaye i-China ngaxeshanye yacima i-counter-tariffs yomlinganiselo ofanayo; kwi-34% "yerhafu yokubuyiselana", omabini amacala anqumamisa i-24% yonyuso (egcina i-10%) iintsuku ezingama-90.
Olu hlenga-hlengiso lweerhafu ngokungathandabuzekiyo lutshintsho olukhulu kubudlelwane boqoqosho norhwebo lwase-China-US. Ezi ntsuku zingama-90 zilandelayo ziya kuba lixesha elibalulekileyo lala macala mabini ukuba aqhubele phambili uthetha-thethwano nokukhuthaza ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kobudlelwane boqoqosho norhwebo.
Ke, zithini iimpembelelo kubarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle?
1. Ukunciphisa iindleko: Isigaba sokuqala sokunciphisa irhafu kulindeleke ukuba sinciphise iindleko zorhwebo zase-China-US nge-12%. Okwangoku, ii-odolo zibuyela ngokuthe ngcembe, iifektri zaseTshayina ziyayikhawulezisa imveliso, kwaye abarhwebi baseMelika baqala kwakhona iiprojekthi.
2. Ulindelo lweRhafu luzinzile: la macala mabini aseke indlela yokubonisana ukunciphisa umngcipheko wotshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo, kwaye iinkampani zinokucwangcisa imijikelo yokuthenga kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lolungiselelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Funda nzulu:
Mangaphi amanyathelo ewathathayo ukusuka kumzi-mveliso ukuya kumthumeli wokugqibela?
Impembelelo kumaxabiso othutho emva kokuthotywa komrhumo:
Emva kokuthotywa komrhumo, abarhwebi abavela kumazwe angaphandle banokukhawulezisa ukuzaliswa kwakhona ukuze babambe imarike, okukhokelela ekunyukeni kwemfuno yendawo yokuthumela ngenqanawa ngexesha elifutshane, kwaye iinkampani ezininzi zokuthumela ngenqanawa zibhengeze ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ngokucuthwa kwamaxabiso, abathengi ababelindile ngaphambili baqalisa ukusazisa ukuba silayishe iikhonteyina zokuthutha.
Ukusuka kumaxabiso othutho ahlaziyiweyo ziinkampani ezithumela ngenqanawa ukuya eSenghor Logistics kwisiqingatha sesibini sikaMeyi (ngoMeyi 15 ukuya kuMeyi 31, 2025), inyuke malunga ne-50% xa ithelekiswa nesiqingatha sokuqala senyanga.Kodwa ayinako ukumelana namaza azayo othutho. Wonke umntu ufuna ukuthatha eli thuba leentsuku ezingama-90 zefestile ukuze athumele, ngoko ke ixesha lokwenziwa kwezinto liza kufika kwangoko kuneminyaka edlulileyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iinkampani zokuthumela zidlulisela umthamo kumgca we-US, kwaye indawo sele iqinile. Ixabiso leUmgca wase-USiye yaphakama kabukhali, yaliqhubaeKhanadakwayeUMzantsi Merikaiindlela. Njengoko besiqikelela, ixabiso liphezulu kwaye indawo yokubhukisha inzima ngoku, kwaye sixakekile sinceda abathengi babambe indawo yonke imihla.
Umzekelo, uHapag-Lloyd wabhengeza ukuba ukusukaNge-15 kaMeyi, 2025, i-GRI esuka e-Asia ukuya eNtshona Melika, eMpuma Melika, eMexico, eMbindi Melika kunye neCaribbean iya kubaUS $ 500 nganye-20-unyawo isikhongozeli kunye US $1,000 nganye-40-unyawo isikhongozeli. (Amaxabiso ePuerto Rico kunye neZiqithi zaseVirgin zase-US ziya kunyuka ukusuka nge-5 kaJuni.)
Nge-15 kaCanzibe, inkampani yokuthumela i-CMA CGM yabhengeza ukuba izakuqala ukuhlawulisa iintlawulo zexesha eliphezulu kwimarike yeTranspacific Eastbound ukusuka.NgoJuni 15, 2025. Indlela isuka kuwo onke amazibuko e-Asia (kubandakanywa neMpuma Ekude) okanye ukuhamba kuwo onke amazibuko okukhutshwa e-United States (ngaphandle kweHawaii) kunye neKhanada okanye iindawo zangaphakathi ngokusebenzisa amazibuko angasentla. Iindleko zentlawulo eyongezelelweyo ziya kubaUS$3,600 ngesikhongozeli se-20ft kunye ne-US$4,000 nge-40ft nganye.
Nge-23 kaMeyi, iMaersk yabhengeza ukuba iya kunyanzelisa intlawulo yexesha eliphakamileyo lePSS kwiMpuma Ekude ukuya kuMbindi Merika kunye neendlela zeCaribbean / eMzantsi Melika kuNxweme oluseNtshona, kunyeIntlawulo ye-20-foot ye-container ye-US $ 1,000 kunye nentlawulo ye-40-foot ye-container ye-US $ 2,000. Iya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngoJuni 6, yaye iCuba iya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngoJuni 21. NgoJuni 6, intlawulo eyongezelelekileyo esuka kwilizwe laseTshayina, eHong Kong, eTshayina naseMacau ukuya eArgentina, eBrazil, eParaguay naseUruguay iya kuhlawulwa.US$500 yezikhongozeli ezinonyawo-20 kunye ne-US$1,000 kwizikhongozeli ezingama-40, yaye ukususela eTaiwan, eTshayina, kuya kuqalisa ukusebenza ukususela ngoJuni 21.
NgoMeyi 27, i-Maersk ibhengeze ukuba iya kuhlawulisa i-Heavy Load Surcharge ukusuka kwiMpuma Ekude ukuya kuNxweme oluseNtshona lwaseMzantsi Melika, uMbindi Melika kunye neCaribbean ukuqala ngoJuni 5. Le yintlawulo eyongezelelweyo yomthwalo onzima kwii-container ezomileyo ze-20-foot, kunye nentlawulo eyongeziweyo.US$400iya kuhlawuliswa xa ubunzima obupheleleyo (VGM) obuqinisekisiweyo (> 20 metric tons) bomthwalo budlula umqobo wobunzima.
Emva kokunyuka kwamaxabiso kwiinkampani zokuthumela ngenqanawa ziziphumo zezinto ezahlukeneyo.
1. Umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphambili we-US "womrhumo wokubuyisela" uphazamise umyalelo wemarike, okubangele ukucinywa kwezicwangciso zokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwiindlela zaseMntla Melika, ukwehla okubukhali ekubhukishweni kweemarike, kunye nokunqunyanyiswa okanye ukuncitshiswa kwezinye iindlela eziya eUnited States malunga ne-70%. Ngoku ukuba iirhafu zihlengahlengiswe kwaye imfuno yemarike kulindeleke ukuba ithathe, iinkampani zokuthumela iinqanawa zizama ukwenza ilahleko yangaphambili kunye nokuzinzisa inzuzo ngokunyusa amaxabiso.
2. Imarike yokuthumela ngenqanawa yehlabathi ngokwayo ijongene nemingeni emininzi, efana nokunyuka kwengxinano kumazibuko amakhulu e-Asia kunyeIYurophu, intlekele yoLwandle Olubomvu ebangela ukuba iindlela zidlule eAfrika, kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zezothutho, nto leyo ebangele ukuba iinkampani ezithumela ngenqanawa zonyuse amaxabiso othutho.
3. Ubonelelo kunye nemfuno azilingani. Abathengi baseMelika bafake iiodolo ezikhulayo, kwaye bakwimfuno engxamisekileyo yokuzalisa izitokhwe kwakhona. Kwakhona banenkxalabo yokuba kuya kubakho utshintsho kwiirhafu ezizayo, ngoko ke imfuno yokuthunyelwa kwempahla evela eChina iqhume ngexesha elifutshane. Ukuba bekungekho isaqhwithi sangaphambili serhafu, iimpahla ezithunyelwe ngo-Epreli beziya kufika eUnited States ngoku.
Ukongeza, xa umgaqo-nkqubo weentlawulo wakhutshwa ngo-Epreli, iinkampani ezininzi zeenqanawa zadlulisela amandla azo okuthumela eYurophu naseLatin America. Ngoku loo mfuno iphinde yavela ngequbuliso, umthamo wokuthumela awunakuhlangabezana nemfuno okwethutyana, okukhokelela kukungalingani okukhulu phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno, kwaye indawo yokuthumela iqinile kakhulu.
Ngokombono wekhonkco lonikezelo lwehlabathi, ukucuthwa kwamaxabiso kuphawula utshintsho lwezorhwebo lwe-China-US ukusuka "kungquzulwano" ukuya "kumdlalo olawulayo", ukonyusa ukuzithemba kwemarike kunye nokuzinzisa ikhonkco lonikezelo lwehlabathi. Thatha ixesha lefestile lokuguquguquka kwempahla kwaye uguqule izabelo zomgaqo-nkqubo zibe yinzuzo yokhuphiswano ngokusebenzisa izisombululo zolungiselelo olwahlukeneyo kunye nolwakhiwo olubhetyebhetye lonikezelo.
Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, ukonyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nendawo ebambekayo yokuthumela ngenqanawa kwimarike yokuthumela ngenqanawa kuzise imiceli mngeni emitsha kwiinkampani zorhwebo zangaphandle, ukonyusa iindleko zolungiselelo kunye nobunzima bothutho. Ngoku,I-Senghor Logistics ikwalandela ngokusondeleyo iindlela zentengiso, ibonelela abathengi ngezilumkiso zonxibelelaniso lweerhafu kunye nezisombululo ezilungiselelwe ngokudibeneyo ukumelana nesiqhelo esitsha sorhwebo lwehlabathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-15-2025
