Ngā Ture Whakatakotoranga PPWR Hou a te EU
Hei te 12 o Ākuhata, 2026, ka mana katoa te Ture Whakatakotoranga me te Para Whakatakotoranga hou a te EU (PPWR, EU 2025/40), ka whakakorea tika te Ture Whakatakotoranga o mua 94/62/EC. Mai i taua wā, ka tino whakatinanahia ngā paerewa tutukitanga hou mō ngā whakatakotoranga puta noa i ngā whenua mema 27 o te EU. Me tutuki katoa ngā whakaritenga mō ngā whakatakotoranga hua katoa e uru ana ki te mākete o te EU, kāore he wā whakaroa, he tūponotanga rānei.
Kei te whakakahangia ngā whakaritenga puta noa i te mekameka tuku taonga katoa, e kapi ana i ngā here paitini rauemi, ngā taumata hangarua, ngā ōwehenga ihirangi hangarua, te tapanga me te tā, me te ārai i te takai nui rawa. Ka whakakahoretia te whakaurunga o ngā hua kāore e tutuki i ngā ture, ā, ka whiua ngā kai takahi ture ki ngā whiu nui me ngā whakahokinga hua katoa.
01 Ko ēhea ngā hua e whakahaeretia ana e te PPWR?
Kapinga whānui, kāore he wāhi matapo!E pā ana te ture ki ngā tākai me ngā para tākai katoa, ahakoa te rauemi, te āhuatanga rānei, ā, puta noa i ngā ahumahi me ngā kāwai katoa:
1.Tākai Hoko:
He takai e takai tika ana i tētahi taonga, pērā i ngā putea kai, ngā pouaka waea pūkoro karakara, me ngā pouaka takai taonga takaro.
2. Tākai Rōpū:
He takai e paihere ana i ngā taonga maha, pērā i te takai whakaiti mō ngā kātene miraka e ono ngā kete me ngā pouaka pepa mō ngā ranunga kai.
3. Tākai Kawe:
Ngā pouaka tere hokohoko ipurangi, ngā putea mirumiru hau whakamarie, me ngā pouaka o waho mō ngā mahi kawe (haunga ngāutanga moanameutanga rererangingā ipu).
02 Ngā Whakaritenga Matua mō te Whakatutukitanga me ngā Rā Whakamutunga Tino Hira
Whakapā mai ki tā mātou tohunga whakahaere ratonga ki te ako atu mōtuku mai i Haina ki Ūropi:
03 Ruku Hōhonu ki ngā Rārangi Matua
Tuhinga 5: Ngā Rārangi Whero mō ngā Matū Kino
1. Ngā herenga whānui mō ngā konganuku taumaha:Ko te tapeke o te mata, te cadmium, te mercury, me te hexavalent chromium i roto i ngā takai katoa me 100mg/kg (0.01%), iti iho rānei.
2. Te whakahaere pakari i te PFAS i roto i ngā takai kai:
1) Me iti iho i te 25ppb te nui o te PFAS kore-pūmua kotahi.
2) Me iti iho i te 250ppb te tapeke o ngā PFAS kore-pūmua katoa.
3） Me iti iho i te 50ppm te tapeke o te pūhui PFAS. Mena he nui ake i te 50mg/kg te tapeke o te hauhā, me tuku he pūrongo whakamātautau mō te ihirangi hauhā.
3. Ngā Matū Whakararuraru (SoC):Kāore anō kia puta he rārangi mana. I nāianei, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te paerewa EN 13428:2004 hei aromatawai i ngā mōrearea.
Tuhinga 6: Ngā Tohu Whakamahi Anō mō ngā Tākai (Ka kaha haere ngā ture i roto i te wā)
Mai i te tau 2026, me hangarua ngā takai hou katoa. Ko te āheinga hangarua he tohu A, B, C rānei:
1) Hanuere 1, 2030: Ko ngā takai anake he C te māka, neke atu rānei, ka taea te hoko.
2) Hanuere 1, 2038: Ko ngā takai anake kua tohua ko te A, ko te B rānei ka taea te hoko i roto i te EU.
Ngā tūemi kua whakawāteatia (ka arotakehia i mua i te tau 2035):
Ngā takai mō ngā rongoā, ngā takai hauora tairongo, ngā takai kai motuhake mō ngā pēpi, ngā takai mō ngā taonga morearea, me ngā takai hokohoko i hangaia ki te rakau māmā, te kōka, te kakahu, te uku, te ware pi rānei.
Tuhinga 7: Ngā Whāinga Kirihou Hangarua Me Whakahau (Ka Whai Mana i te Tau 2030)
Me whakauru he ōrau kua whakaritea o ngā rauemi hangarua ki roto i ngā takai kirihou rerekē. Kāore e taea te hoko atu i ngā hua kāore e tutuki i ēnei whāinga:
Ngā Whakakorenga mō ngā Rauemi Hangarua:
Ngā rongoā, ngā taputapu hauora, ngā kirihou ka taea te whakawairakau, ngā takai taonga morearea, ngā takai kai pēpi motuhake, ngā takai ka pāngia te haumaru kai e ngā rauemi hangarua, me ngā wāhanga kirihou he iti iho i te 5% te taumaha.
Te Ārai i te Tākai Nui rawa: Wāhi Korekore ≤ 50% (Me tono mai i te tau 2030):
Mō ngā pouaka hokohoko ipurangi, ngā kete koha, me ngā kātene tuku, kaua e neke ake i te 50% te wāhi takoto kau (tae atu ki te pepa, ki ngā whakakī pahuka rānei). E aro nui ana tēnei ki ngā pouaka koha nui rawa te takai me te rahi rawa. Me māmā hoki te takai, me whakaiti i te taumaha me te rōrahi ki te iti rawa e hiahiatia ana hei tiaki i te hua.
EPR (Te Kawenga Kaihanga Whānui) - He mea nui mā ngā Kaihoko:
1) Me rēhita ngā takai katoa e hokona ana i roto i te EU mō te EPR i te whenua e hokona ana. Me whakatū e ngā kaihoko whakawhiti-rohe he Māngai Whakamana o te EU hei whakahaere i tēnei.
2) Mai i Pēpuere 2027, me whakaatu he tapanga EPR motuhake ki ngā takai hei whakaatu kua utua ngā utu hangarua.
Whakahōutanga Nui ki te Pūnaha Tapanga (Ka whakarewaina i te tau 2028)–2029):
1) Akuhata 2028: Ngā tohu kōtui mō ngā rauemi, ngā tapanga ihirangi hangarua, me ngā tohutohu whakarōpū. Ka taea te tāpiri i ngā waehere QR hei whakaatu i ngā mōhiohio wetewete me te hangarua.
2) Hui-tanguru 2029: He tapanga motuhake mō ngā takai ka taea te whakamahi anō hei āwhina i ngā kaihoko ki te tautuhi ngāwari i ngā hua e tika ana kia whakamahia anōtia.
04 Ngā Herenga Ā-ture mō ngā Kaihanga me ngā Kawemai (E hiahiatia ana ngā mea e rua)
1. Kaihanga (Tuhinga 15)
1) Ko ngā hua tākai anake e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa katoa ka taea te hoko.
2) I mua i te tuku, whakaotia te tirotiro tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. Me tuku e koe he Whakapuakitanga Whakarite (DoC) me tētahi huinga tuhinga hangarau katoa.
3) Puritia ngā tuhinga mō ngā tau e 5 mō ngā takai kotahi te whakamahinga, me ngā tau e 10 mō ngā takai ka taea te whakamahi anō.
4) Tāia te waehere tauira/puranga, te ingoa o te kaihanga, te wāhitau, me ngā taipitopito whakapā ki runga i te takai. Mena kāore e taea te tā, tāpirihia he tuhinga pepa kei roto ēnei mōhiohio.
2. Kawemai o te EU (Tuhinga 18)
Ko te kaikawemai te tangata tuatahi e whai kawenga ana mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. Me whakaatu mārama te ingoa o te kamupene, te wāhitau ā-tinana o te EU, me te īmēra ki te takai o waho. Mena kāore e taea te tā, ka taea te whakamahi i te waehere QR, i ngā tuhinga tautoko rānei hei whakaatu i ēnei mōhiohio.
05 He Pēhea te Kino o ngā Hua o te Kore Whakatutuki i ngā Ture?
I raro i ngā ture hou, ka tino kaha ake te whakatinanatanga. Ko ngā whiu mō ngā takahi ture ko:
1) Te pupuri i ngā hua e te tari tāke.
2) Te whakahokinga mai i ngā puranga katoa me te tango atu i te mākete.
3) Ngā whiu whakahaere teitei (ka whakatakotohia e ia whenua mema o te EU āna ake paerewa whiu teitei).
4) Ngā aukati rangitahi, ngā aukati tuturu rānei mō ngā hua a tētahi kamupene ki te mākete o te EU.
5) Te kino ki te ingoa o te waitohu, ka pā ki ngā hononga hongere puta noa i te EU katoa.
06 Mahere Mahi mō ngā Pakihi
1)Ngā Rauemi Whakamātautau Tuatahi:Whakamātauria wawetia ngā konganuku taumaha me te PFAS. Tangohia ngā rauemi katoa e hipa ana i ngā taumata e whakaaetia ana.
2)Te Hoahoa Anō i te Takai:Whakaitihia te rahi o ngā takai, ā, whakaitihia te wāhi takoto kau. Whakamaherehia kia nui ake te ōwehenga o ngā takai ka taea te whakamahi anō.
3)Ngā Tapanga Whakapai Ake:Hoahoahia ngā tapanga hou e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga i te wā tika. Waiho he wāhi mō te tā kia kore ai e whakarerekētia ngā takai katoa i muri i te tau 2028.
4)Rēhitatanga EPR EU Whakaoti:Mahi tahi me tētahi Māngai Whakamana o te EU i mua i te wā. Whakaotia te rēhitatanga i ia whenua mema, ā, whakamaheretia i mua mō te wā tānga tapanga.
5)Ngā Tuhinga Pūranga:Kohia ngā pūrongo whakamātautau katoa, ngā whakapuakitanga DoC, ngā taipitopito tātai, me ngā taunakitanga hangarua. Puritia ēnei kōnae mō te 5 ki te 10 tau e hiahiatia ana.
Mēnā he pātai āu e pā ana ki ngā ratonga utanga mai i Haina ki Ūropi, whakapā atu ki tā mātou tohunga whakahaere uta, ki a Icey.
Pāwhiritia hei whakapā atu ki:
Wā tuku: 17 o Ākuhata-2026
