Imigaqo emitsha yokuPakisha ye-EU PPWR
Ngomhla we-12 kweyeThupha ngo-2026, uMthetho omtsha we-EU wokuPakisha nokuPakisha iNkunkuma (PPWR, EU 2025/40) uza kuqala ukusebenza ngokusesikweni, urhoxisa ngokuthe ngqo uMgaqo-nkqubo wokuPakisha wangaphambili we-94/62/EC. Ukususela ngoko, imigangatho emitsha yokuthobela ukupakishwa iya kunyanzeliswa ngokungqongqo kuwo onke amazwe angama-27 angamalungu e-EU. Zonke iipakeji zemveliso ezingena kwimarike ye-EU kufuneka zithobele ngokupheleleyo, kungabikho maxesha okukhululwa okanye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga.
Iimfuneko ziyaqiniswa kulo lonke uthotho lokubonelela, zigubungela imiqathango yobungozi bezinto, amanqanaba okuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto, umlinganiselo womxholo ophinda usetyenziswe, ukulebhelisha nokuprinta, kunye nokuthintela ukupakishwa okugqithisileyo. Iimveliso ezingathobeliyo ziya kwalelwa ukungena, kwaye abo baphula umthetho baya kujongana neentlawulo ezinkulu kunye nokubizwa kwakhona kwemveliso ngokupheleleyo.
01 Zeziphi iimveliso ezilawulwa yi-PPWR?
Ugutyungelwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwamabala angabonakaliyo!Lo mthetho usebenza kuyo yonke inkunkuma yokupakisha nokupakisha, nokuba yeyiphi na into okanye imeko, nakuwo onke amashishini kunye neendidi:
1.Ukupakisha intengiso:
Iipakethe ezisonga ngqo into enye, njengeengxowa zokutya, iibhokisi zeefowuni ezimibalabala, kunye neebhokisi zokupakisha izinto zokudlala.
2. Ukupakisha Okudibeneyo:
Iipakethe ezidibanisa izinto ezininzi, ezifana ne-shrink wrap yeebhokisi zobisi ezineepakethi ezintandathu kunye neebhokisi zephepha zokudibanisa izimuncumuncu.
3. Ukupakisha ezoThutho:
Iibhokisi ze-e-commerce ezikhawulezayo, iingxowa zomoya ezithambileyo, kunye neebhokisi zangaphandle ze-logistics (ngaphandle kwe-e-commerce express).imithwalo yolwandlekwayeuloyiko lomoyaizikhongozeli).
02 Iimfuneko Eziphambili Zokuthobela Imithetho kunye Nemihla Yokugqibela Ebalulekileyo
Nxibelelana nengcali yethu yezothutho ukuze ufunde kabanzi malungaukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eYurophu:
03 Ukungena nzulu kwiiClauses eziphambili
Inqaku lesi-5: Imigca ebomvu yezinto ezinobungozi
1. Imida Jikelele yesinyithi esinzima:Isixa sisonke se-lead, i-cadmium, i-mercury, kunye ne-hexavalent chromium kuzo zonke iipakethe kufuneka sibe yi-100mg/kg (0.01%) okanye ngaphantsi.
2. Ulawulo oluqinileyo lwe-PFAS kwiipakethe zokutya:
1） Nayiphi na i-PFAS enye engeyiyo i-polymer kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-25ppb.
2） Isimbuku sayo yonke i-PFAS engeyiyo i-polymer kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-250ppb.
3） Isixa siphela se-polymer PFAS masibe ngaphantsi kwe-50ppm. Ukuba i-fluorine iyonke ingaphezulu kwe-50mg/kg, kufuneka ingxelo yovavanyo lomxholo we-fluorine.
3. Izinto Ezixhalabisayo (SoC):Akukho luhlu olusemthethweni okwangoku. Okwangoku, ungasebenzisa umgangatho we-EN 13428:2004 ukuvavanya iingozi.
Inqaku lesi-6: Amanqanaba okuSebenza kwakhona kokuPakisha (Imithetho iya iqina ngokuhamba kwexesha)
Ukususela ngo-2026, zonke izinto ezintsha zokupakisha kufuneka ziphinde zisetyenziswe. Ukuphinda zisetyenziswe kumgangatho ongu-A, B, okanye C:
1) NgoJanuwari 1, 2030: Kuphela ukupakisha okunezinga C nangaphezulu kunokuthengiswa.
2) NgoJanuwari 1, 2038: Kuphela ziipakeji ezine-grade A okanye B kuphela ezinokuthengiswa kwi-EU.
Izinto ezixolelweyo (ezimele zihlolwe ngaphambi kowama-2035):
Ukupakishwa kwamayeza, ukupakishwa kwezonyango okubuthathaka, ukupakishwa kokutya okukhethekileyo kweentsana, ukupakishwa kweempahla eziyingozi, kunye nokupakishwa kwevenkile eyenziwe ngomthi olula, ikhork, amalaphu, iseramikhi, okanye iwax.
Inqaku lesi-7: Iithagethi zePlastiki eziRisayikilishiweyo ezinyanzelekileyo (Ukususela ngo-2030)
Iiplastiki ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zibandakanye ipesenti ethile yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Iimveliso ezingahlangabezani nale njongo azinakuthengiswa:
Ukukhululwa kwiZinto eziRisayikilishiweyo:
Amayeza, izixhobo zonyango, iiplastiki ezinomgquba, ukupakishwa kweempahla eziyingozi, ukupakishwa okukhethekileyo kokutya kosana, ukupakishwa apho izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zingachaphazela ukhuseleko lokutya, kunye neendawo zeplastiki ezinobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-5%.
Ukuthintela Ukupakisha Okugqithisileyo: Indawo Engenanto ≤ 50% (Kunyanzelekile ukususela ngo-2030):
Kwiibhokisi zorhwebo lwe-e-commerce, iiseti zezipho, kunye neebhokisi zokuthumela, indawo engenanto (kubandakanya iphepha okanye izizalisi zefoam) ayinakudlula i-50%. Oku kujolise kakhulu kwiibhokisi zezipho ezipakishwa kakhulu kunye nezinkulu kakhulu. Ukupakisha kufuneka kube lula, kunciphisa ubunzima kunye nomthamo ukuya kwinqanaba elifunekayo ukukhusela imveliso.
I-EPR (Uxanduva Olubanzi Lwabavelisi) - Ibalulekile Kubathumeli Bamanye Amazwe:
1) Zonke iipakeji ezithengiswa kwi-EU kufuneka zibhaliswe kwi-EPR kwilizwe ezithengiswa kulo. Abathengisi abanqumla imida kufuneka baqeshe uMmeli oGunyazisiweyo we-EU ukuba aphathe oku.
2) Ukususela ngoFebruwari 2027, ukupakisha kufuneka kubonise ilebhile yokuthobela i-EPR ukubonisa ukuba iifizi zokuphinda kusetyenziswe zihlawulwe.
Uhlaziyo Olukhulu kwiNkqubo yokuLayibha (Iza kuqaliswa ngo-2028–2029):
1) Agasti 2028: Iifotogramu ezidibeneyo zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iilebheli zomxholo ophinda usetyenziswe, kunye nemiyalelo yokuhlela. Iikhowudi zeQR zingongezwa ukubonisa ulwazi lokuqhaqha kunye nokuphinda usetyenziswe.
2) NgoFebruwari 2029: Ileyibhile ekhethekileyo yokupakisha okunokusetyenziswa kwakhona ukunceda abathengi bakwazi ukubona iimveliso eziza kusetyenziswa kwakhona.
04 Iimbopheleleko Ezinyanzelekileyo Zabavelisi Nabangenisa Iimpahla (Zombini ziyafuneka)
1. Umenzi (Inqaku 15)
1) Kuphela ziimveliso zokupakisha ezihlangabezana nayo yonke imigangatho ezinokuthengiswa.
2) Ngaphambi kokuba uthumele, gcwalisa uhlolo lokuthobela imithetho. Kufuneka ukhuphe iSibhengezo sokuThotyelwa kweMithetho (i-DoC) kunye neseti epheleleyo yamaxwebhu obuchwephesha.
3) Gcina amaxwebhu iminyaka emi-5 ukuze asetyenziswe kube kanye, kunye neminyaka eli-10 ukuze asetyenziswe kwakhona.
4) Printa ikhowudi yemodeli/yebhetshi, igama lomenzi, idilesi, kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelwano kwiphakheji. Ukuba ukuprinta akunakwenzeka, ncamathisela uxwebhu lwephepha olunolwazi.
2. Umthumeli we-EU (Inqaku le-18)
Umngenisi ngumntu wokuqala onoxanduva lokuthobela imithetho. Ukupakisha kwangaphandle kufuneka kubonise ngokucacileyo igama lenkampani, idilesi yendawo ye-EU, kunye ne-imeyile. Ukuba ukuprinta akunakwenzeka, ikhowudi ye-QR okanye amaxwebhu axhasayo angasetyenziswa ukubonisa olu lwazi.
05 Zibaluleke Kangakanani Iziphumo Zokungathobeli?
Phantsi kwemithetho emitsha, ukunyanzeliswa kuya kuba ngqongqo ngakumbi. Isohlwayo sokwaphulwa kwemithetho siquka:
1) Ukugcinwa kweemveliso kwirhafu.
2) Ukubuyiswa kwebhetshi epheleleyo kunye nokususwa kwimarike.
3) Isohlwayo esiphezulu solawulo (ilizwe ngalinye elililungu le-EU limisela imigangatho yalo yesohlwayo esiphezulu).
4) Ukuvalwa okwethutyana okanye okusisigxina kweemveliso zenkampani ezingena kwimarike ye-EU.
5) Ukonakala kwegama lophawu, okuya kuchaphazela ubudlelwane beziteshi kulo lonke i-EU.
06 Isicwangciso Sokusebenza Kwamashishini
1)Izinto zovavanyo kuqala:Vavanya iintsimbi ezinzima kunye nePFAS kwangethuba. Susa naziphi na izinto ezidlula umda.
2)Uyilo olutsha lokuPakisha:Yenza ukupakisha kube kuncinci kwaye unciphise indawo engenanto. Cwangcisa umlinganiselo ophezulu wokupakisha okunokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
3)Iilebheli zoPhuculo:Yila iilebheli ezintsha ezihambelanayo kwangethuba. Shiya indawo yokuprinta ukuze ungatshintshi yonke into epakishwe emva kowama-2028.
4)Ubhaliso olupheleleyo lwe-EU EPR:Sebenza noMmeli oGunyazisiweyo we-EU kwangethuba. Gqibezela ubhaliso kwilizwe ngalinye elililungu kwaye ucwangcise kwangaphambili ixesha lokuprinta ilebheli.
5)Amaxwebhu eengxelo zoovimba:Qokelela zonke iingxelo zovavanyo, izibhengezo ze-DoC, iinkcukacha zefomula, kunye nobungqina bokurisayikilisha. Gcina ezi fayile iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 njengoko kufuneka.
Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neenkonzo zokuthutha impahla ukusuka eTshayina ukuya eYurophu, nceda unxibelelane nengcali yethu yezothutho, u-Icey.
Cofa ukuze uqhagamshelane:
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-17-2026
