Amabwiriza mashya y’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi agenga ipaki
Ku ya 12 Kanama 2026, itegeko rishya ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi rigenga ipaki n’imyanda ikoreshwa mu gupakira (PPWR, EU 2025/40) rizatangira gukurikizwa ku mugaragaro, rikuraho mu buryo butaziguye amabwiriza ya kera ya Packaging 94/62/EC. Kuva icyo gihe, amabwiriza mashya y’iyubahirizwa ry’amabwiriza ajyanye no gupakira azakurikizwa mu bihugu 27 bigize Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi. Gupakira ibicuruzwa byose byinjira ku isoko ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa byose, nta gihe cyo kwishyurwa cyangwa ibirenze ibyo.
Ibisabwa birimo gukazwa mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa byose, bikubiyemo amategeko agenga uburozi bw'ibikoresho, amanota yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho, ibipimo by'ibikubiye mu bikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa, kwandika no gucapa, no gukumira gupfunyika cyane. Ibicuruzwa bitujuje ibisabwa ntibizakirwa, kandi ababirengaho bazacibwa amande menshi no kwirukana ibicuruzwa byose.
01 Ni ibihe bicuruzwa bigenzurwa na PPWR?
Gutanga serivisi yuzuye nta mpungenge zigaragara!Iri tegeko rireba imyanda yose yo gupakira no gupakira, hatitawe ku bikoresho cyangwa uko ibintu bimeze, no mu nganda zose n'ibyiciro:
1.Ibicuruzwa bipakiye:
Paki ipfunyika ikintu kimwe mu buryo butaziguye, nk'amasakoshi y'ibiribwa, udusanduku twa terefone zigendanwa dufite amabara menshi, n'udusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibikinisho.
2. Gupakira mu matsinda:
Gupfunyika bihuriza hamwe ibintu byinshi, nk'udupfunyika two gupfunyika two mu makarito y'amata y'amapaki atandatu n'udusanduku tw'impapuro two gupfunyikamo utuntu two kurya.
3. Gupakira ibicuruzwa:
Udusanduku twa e-commerce express, imifuka y'umwuka ifasha mu kuvura, n'udusanduku tw'ibikoresho byo hanze (usibyeimizigo yo mu mazinagutwara ibintu mu kirereamakontena).
02 Ibisabwa by'ingenzi byo kubahiriza amategeko n'igihe ntarengwa cy'ingenzi
Hamagara impuguke yacu mu by'ibijyanye n'ubwikorezi kugira ngo umenye byinshi kurikohereza ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bijya i Burayi:
03 Injira mu buryo bwimbitse mu ngingo z'ingenzi
Ingingo ya 5: Imirongo itukura ku bintu byangiza
1. Imipaka rusange ku byuma biremereye:Ingano yose ya kromiyumu, cadmium, mercure, na hexavalent chromium mu ipaki yose igomba kuba 100mg/kg (0.01%) cyangwa munsi yayo.
2. Gugenzura cyane PFAS mu bipfunyika by'ibiribwa:
1） PFAS imwe idafite polymer igomba kuba iri munsi ya 25ppb.
2） Igiteranyo cya PFAS zose zitari polymer kigomba kuba kiri munsi ya 250ppb.
3） Igiteranyo cyose cya polymer PFAS kigomba kuba kiri munsi ya 50ppm. Niba fluorine yose irenze 50mg/kg, raporo y'isuzuma ry'ingano ya fluorine irakenewe.
3. Ibintu by'ingenzi (SoC):Nta rutonde rwemewe rurahari. Kugeza ubu, ushobora gukoresha ibipimo ngenderwaho bya EN 13428:2004 kugira ngo upime ingaruka.
Ingingo ya 6: Ingano zo kongera gukoresha mu gupakira (Amategeko agenda akara uko igihe kigenda gihita)
Guhera mu 2026, gupakira gushya kose bigomba kongera gukoreshwa. Gushobora kongera gukoreshwa bihabwa amanota A, B, cyangwa C:
1) Ku ya 1 Mutarama 2030: Ni byo byonyine bipakiye bifite urwego rwa C cyangwa hejuru yabyo bishobora kugurishwa.
2) Ku ya 1 Mutarama 2038: Ibipaki bya A cyangwa B bifite amanota A gusa ni byo bishobora kugurishwa muri EU.
Ingingo zitarekuwe (zigomba gusuzumwa mbere ya 2035):
Gupfunyika imiti, gupfunyika by’ubuvuzi by’umwihariko, gupfunyika ibiryo byihariye ku bana bato, gupfunyika ibicuruzwa biteje akaga, n’udupfunyika tw’ubucuruzi dukozwe mu mbaho zoroshye, cork, imyenda, ceramic, cyangwa wax.
Ingingo ya 7: Intego za pulasitiki zigomba kongera gukoreshwa (Guhera mu 2030)
Amapaki atandukanye ya pulasitiki agomba kuba arimo igipimo cy’ibikoresho byasubijwemo. Ibicuruzwa bitageze kuri izi ntego ntibishobora kugurishwa:
Ibisabwa ku bikoresho byasubijwe mu buryo bushya:
Imiti, ibikoresho byo kwa muganga, plastiki ishobora gufumbirwa, gupfunyika ibintu biteje akaga, gupfunyika ibiryo by’abana byihariye, gupfunyika aho ibikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa byagira ingaruka ku mutekano w’ibiribwa, hamwe n’ibice bya pulasitiki bipima munsi ya 5%.
Kurinda gupakira ibintu byinshi: Umwanya w'ubusa ≤ 50% (Bitegetswe kuva mu 2030):
Ku dusanduku tw’ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti, amaseti y’impano, n’amakarito yo kohereza ibicuruzwa, umwanya urimo ubusa (harimo impapuro cyangwa ifuro ry’impapuro) ntushobora kurenza 50%. Ibi byibanda cyane ku masanduku y’impano apfunyitse cyane kandi manini cyane. Gupfunyika bigomba kandi kuba byoroshye, bigabanye uburemere n’ingano kugeza ku rugero ruto rukenewe kugira ngo birinde ibicuruzwa.
EPR (Inshingano yagutse y'umuhinzi) - Ni ingenzi ku bohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga:
1) Amapaki yose agurishwa muri EU agomba kuba yanditswe kuri EPR mu gihugu yagurishijwemo. Abagurisha bambukiranya imipaka bagomba gushyiraho Uhagarariye wemewe n'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi kugira ngo abikore.
2) Guhera muri Gashyantare 2027, gupakira bigomba kwerekana icyapa cyabugenewe cyerekana ko amafaranga yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho byo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho yishyuwe.
Ivugurura rikomeye kuri Sisitemu yo Gushyira Ibirango (Izatangira gukoreshwa mu 2028)–2029):
1) Kanama 2028: Amafoto ahuriweho y’ibikoresho, ibirango by’ibirimo byasubiwemo, n’amabwiriza yo gutondeka. Kode za QR zishobora kongerwaho kugira ngo zerekane amakuru yo gusenya no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho.
2) Gashyantare 2029: Ikimenyetso cyihariye cyo gupakira ibintu bishobora kongera gukoreshwa kugira ngo bifashe abaguzi kumenya byoroshye ibicuruzwa bigomba kongera gukoreshwa.
04 Inshingano z'ingenzi ku bakora ibicuruzwa n'abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga (Byombi birasabwa)
1. Uruganda rukora (Ingingo ya 15)
1) Ibikoresho byo gupfunyika byujuje ibisabwa byose ni byo byonyine bishobora kugurishwa.
2) Mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa, uzuza igenzura ry’uko byemewe n’amategeko. Ugomba gutanga Itangazo ry’Uburyo bwo Gukurikiza Amategeko (DoC) n’inyandiko zose za tekiniki.
3) Bika inyandiko mu gihe cy'imyaka 5 kugira ngo zikoreshwe rimwe, n'imyaka 10 kugira ngo zikoreshwe zishobora kongera gukoreshwa.
4) Andika kode y'icyitegererezo/itsinda, izina ry'uwakoze, aderesi, n'amakuru yo guhamagara ku ipaki. Niba gucapa bidashoboka, ongeramo inyandiko iriho aya makuru.
2. Utumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga muri EU (Ingingo ya 18)
Utumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ni we muntu wa mbere ushinzwe kubahiriza amategeko. Ipaki yo hanze igomba kugaragaza neza izina ry'ikigo, aderesi nyayo y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, na imeri. Niba gucapa bidashoboka, kode ya QR cyangwa inyandiko zibishyigikira bishobora gukoreshwa mu kwerekana aya makuru.
05 Ingaruka zo Kutubahiriza Amategeko ni nini?
Dukurikije amategeko mashya, iyubahirizwa rizarushaho kuba rito. Ibihano ku barenga ku mategeko birimo:
1) Gufunga ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo.
2) Gusubiza no gukuramo ibicuruzwa byose ku isoko.
3) Amande menshi y’ubuyobozi (buri gihugu kiri mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’uburayi gishyiraho amabwiriza yacyo y’ibihano bikomeye).
4) Guhagarika by'agateganyo cyangwa burundu ibicuruzwa by'ikigo byinjira ku isoko ry'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi.
5) Kwangirika kw'izina ry'ikirango, bizagira ingaruka ku bufatanye bw'imiyoboro mu bihugu byose by'Uburayi.
Gahunda y'ibikorwa ya 06 ku bucuruzi
1)Ibikoresho byo kugerageza mbere na mbere:Gerageza ibyuma biremereye na PFAS hakiri kare. Kuraho ibikoresho byose birengeje urugero.
2)Ongera ushushanye aho upakira:Teganya uburyo bwo gupakira ibintu bito kandi ugabanye umwanya urimo ubusa. Teganya ko habaho igipimo kinini cy'uburyo bwo gupakira ibintu bishobora kongera gukoreshwa.
3)Ibirango byo kuvugurura:Shyiraho igishushanyo mbonera gishya cyujuje ibisabwa hakiri kare. Siga umwanya wo gucapa kugira ngo wirinde guhindura ibipfunyika byose nyuma ya 2028.
4)Kwiyandikisha burundu muri EU EPR:Korana n'Uhagarariye wemewe n'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi hakiri kare. Rangiza kwiyandikisha muri buri gihugu kiri mu muryango hanyuma utegure igihe cyo gucapa icyapa.
5)Inyandiko zo kubika:Kusanya raporo zose z'ibizamini, amatangazo ya DoC, ibisobanuro by'ifishi, n'ibimenyetso byo kongera gukoresha. Bika izi dosiye mu gihe cy'imyaka 5 kugeza ku 10 uko bikenewe.
Ku bibazo byose bijyanye na serivisi zo gutwara imizigo ziva mu Bushinwa zijya i Burayi, nyamuneka hamagara impuguke yacu mu bijyanye n'ibijyanye n'ubwikorezi, Icey.
Kanda kugira ngo uhamagare:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-17-2026
