Yintoni ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa uthumela iimveliso zemagnethi ngomoya nangolwandle
Xa kuthunyelwa iimveliso zemagnethi, imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo ngabathengi yile: "Ngaba zinokuthunyelwa?" kunye "Zingathunyelwa njani ngokukhuselekileyo?"
Inyani yile: iinkonzo zokuthumela imithwalo aziyiphathi kakuhle, kwaye uninzi lweenqanawa zokuhambisa impahla emoyeni naselwandle aziyivumi. Iimveliso zemagnethi zithathwa njengempahla ebuthathaka, kwaye ngokusisiseko azinakuthunyelwa ngeenqanawa eziqhelekileyo. Ekugqibeleni, wonke umntu kufuneka acinge nzulu ngeendlela ezimbini kuphela:uloyiko lomoya or imithwalo yolwandle.
Ukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso okuthutha impahla yingxaki encinci, kodwa ingxaki yokwenyani kuxa iimpahla zibambeka kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya okanye kwizikhululo zerhafu. Iimveliso zemagnethi ziquka izixhobo zesandi, izithethi, iimoto, izinto zokudlala zemagnethi, iindawo zoomatshini, njl. Umngcipheko ophambili kukuphazamisana nenkqubo yokuhamba kwenqwelo-moya, kwaye inokuwela umgca obomvu wolawulo lomhlaba onqabileyo. Nayiphi na ingxaki iya kuthintela iimpahla ukuba zingahambi.
Ukufunda okungakumbi:
Uluhlu "lweempahla ezibuthathaka" kwiimpahla zamazwe ngamazwe
Ngokuthuthwa ngenqwelo moya: Okokuqala, jonga umfanekiso we-2.1 yeemitha.
Ukuba iimveliso zemagnethi zinokuthwalwa kwinqwelo-moya akuxhomekanga ekubeni zinazo na iimagnethi, kodwa kuxhomekeke kubukhali bokuvuza kwentsimi yemagnethi ngaphandle kwephakheji.
Imithetho ye-IAA yenza le nto ibe ngqongqo kakhulu:
Kwi-2.1 yeemitha, amandla e-magnetic field ≤ 0.159 A/m: angathuthwa njengeempahla eziqhelekileyo.
Ukudlula umgangatho kwiimitha eziyi-2.1, kodwa ≤0.418A/m kwiimitha eziyi-4.6: ngokwesibhengezo seempahla eziyingozi se-UN2807 class 9, kufuneka kuqhotyoshelwe ilebhile yokusebenza kwezinto ezinobungozi.
Ukuba isadlula kwiimitha eziyi-4.6: kufuneka ifumane imvume kwiigunya zelizwe elivela kulo kunye nelizwe elithwala inqwelo-moya ngaphambi kokuba ithuthwe, kwaye iinqwelo-moya zabakhweli ngokubanzi azivumi ukuyamkela.
Ngaphandle kwengxelo yokuhlolwa kwemagnethi, ukuthunyelwa kweempahla ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuthintelwa yisango lokuhlola imagnethi kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya. Ingxelo yokuhlolwa kwemagnethi kufuneka ikhutshwe liziko lesithathu elivunyiweyo yi-IATA, kwaye ibona amandla e-magnetic field ngaphandle kwebhokisi yonke yokupakisha. Ingxelo idla ngokusebenza unyaka omnye kwaye ingasetyenziselwa kwakhona kwimodeli efanayo kunye nokupakisha.
Uninzi lweemveliso zeemveliso zemagnethi ezibuthathaka ezifana nee-headsets zeBluetooth kunye nezipikha ezisebenzisa amandla aphantsi ziye zahlolwa ziifektri, kwaye amathuba okupasa ukuhlolwa kwemagnethi aphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zesandi ezinamandla amakhulu, iiyunithi zesithethi ezinkulu, kunye neemagnethi ezingenanto ezinamandla zinamandla aphezulu kakhulu okugqitha umda wemagnethi. Ukuba uhlolo lugqitha umda, kufuneka zipakishwe nge-shielding - kusetyenziswa iipleyiti zentsimbi eziqengqelekayo ezibandayo kunye nezinye izinto ukwenza ibhokisi yobuchwephesha yokukhusela eneeleya ezininzi ukwenza ikheyiji yemagnethi evaliweyo. Ukupakisha ibhokisi eqhelekileyo ngokuthe ngqo, nokuba imagnethi incinci, isaza kusilela kuhlolo lokhuseleko.
Iimagnethi ezinamandla ezingenanto zemagnethi azikhuthazwa xa kuthuthwa ngenqwelo moya, kwaye uthutho lwaselwandle lunokuthenjwa ngakumbi.
Kwimpahla yolwandle: Okokuqala, lungiselela "iSatifikethi sothutho lweempahla", esisebenza njengepasi
Kwiimveliso zemagnethi ezithuthwa ngolwandle, nangona zingathintelwanga ngokungqongqo kubunzulu bentsimi yemagnethi njengothutho lomoya, umda ophambili nguIsatifikethi sothutho lweempahla.
Le ngxelo ikhutshwe lilabhoratri elifanelekileyo elisekelwe kwimithetho yehlabathi yeempahla eziyingozi zaselwandle (iKhowudi ye-IMDG). Injongo yayo kuphela kukuphendula umbuzo omnye: Ngaba inkampani yokuthumela impahla ingazamkela iimpahla zakho njengeempahla eziqhelekileyo? Okanye kufuneka zithuthwe njengeempahla eziyingozi?
Ixesha lokusebenza lidla ngokuba ngunyaka omnye, kwaye ukuba liphelelwa lixesha, kufuneka liphinde lilungiswe. Ngaphandle kwale ngxelo, inkampani yokuthumela ngenqanawa ayizukwamkela ukubhukishwa kwendawo.
Ukuba uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba amandla emagnethi angaphakathi komgangatho, angathunyelwa njengeempahla eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kufunyenwe ukuba yi-UN2807 (MAGNETIC MATERIAL), upakisho kufuneka lulandele imigaqo: upakisho lwangaphandle kufuneka lube kwibhokisi yomthi eqinileyo okanye kwidrama yesinyithi, kwaye umphezulu wopakisho kufuneka uncamathiselwe ilebhile yeempahla eziyingozi zeKlasi 9 kwaye uphawulwe ngamagama athi "IZIXHOBO EZINOMZIMBA".
Inkcukacha enye elula ukuyityeshela: Xa uthumela nge-LCL, qiniseka ukuba wazisa umntu othumela impahla yakho kwangaphambili ukuba impahla yakho inemagnethi. Xa umntu othumela impahla ethwala isitya, kuya kufuneka asibeke kude nezixhobo ezichanekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuhamba ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphazamiseka kwemagnethi.
Ukufunda okungakumbi:
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-FCL kunye ne-LCL kwiinqanawa zamazwe ngamazwe?
Nxibelelana neengcali zethu zezothutho ngempahla yakho:sales16@senghorlogistics.com
Indawo efihlakeleyo ngakumbi: Izinto zemagnethi eziqulethe i-dysprosium kunye ne-terbium zilawulwa kukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe
Le yeyona ngxaki ilula ukuyihoya kodwa inzima kakhulu ukususela ngo-2025 ukuya ku-2026, kwaye ayinakuphepheka nokuba ithunyelwa ngenqwelo moya okanye ngolwandle.
Iimveliso ezininzi zisebenzisa iimagnethi ezisisigxina ze-neodymium-iron-boron. I-Neodymium-iron-boron ngokwayo ayiyongxaki; ingxaki ikwizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo—ezifana ne-dysprosium kunye ne-terbium—ezinokuba zikhona kwimilo yazo. NgokweSibhengezo Nombolo 18 sika-2025 esikhutshwe yiSebe lezoRhwebo kunye noLawulo oluPhezulu lwezeMithetho, izinto zemagnethi ezisisigxina ze-samarium-cobalt, izinto zemagnethi ezisisigxina ze-neodymium-iron-boron ezine-terbium, kunye nezinto zemagnethi ezisisigxina ze-neodymium-iron-boron ezine-dysprosium ziphantsi kolawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle lwelizwe; ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kufuneka kuhambisane "neLayisensi yokuthumela ngaphandle yezinto ezisetyenziswa kabini kunye neeTekhnoloji."
Abasemagunyeni berhafu baqhuba njani uhlolo? Ngokuthatha iisampulu novavanyo. Nokuba umxholo we-dysprosium oyi-0.1% okanye ngaphezulu uhlangabezana nomda wolawulo.
Oku akuyongozi nje yethiyori. NgoJanuwari 2026, iNingbo Airport Customs yabamba ukuthunyelwa kweemagnethi ze-neodymium-iron-boron ezazisiya kuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Uvavanyo lwabonisa ukuba umxholo we-dysprosium ungaphezulu kwe-0.1%, nto leyo eyahlula ukuthunyelwa kwezinto njengento elawulwayo. Ekubeni inkampani yayingayifumananga ilayisenisi efunekayo, yayiphantsi kwezohlwayo zolawulo. I-Weihai Customs ikwabambe iimagnethi ze-rare earth ezazibhengezwe ukuba zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe ezazine-dysprosium; inkampani yahlawuliswa ngokufanayo ngokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngaphandle kwelayisenisi.
Umbuzo obalulekileyo: Yintoni kanye kanye into eyenziwe ngayo imveliso yakho yentsimbi yemagnethi?
Abanini beempawu ezininzi abakwazi nokukuphendula oku ngokwabo. Ababoneleli ngentsimbi yemagnethi bangaphezulu; ukuba abazi ukuba imveliso ine-dysprosium kwaye bayibhengeza njengempahla eqhelekileyo, iziphumo azikho nje ukulibaziseka—ziquka izohlwayo zolawulo okanye ukuhlulwa njengokuthengiswa ngokungekho mthethweni. Okuyingxaki nangakumbi kukuba ukufumana ilayisenisi emva akunakwenzeka—kufuneka kufakwe izicelo zeelayisenisi ngaphambi kokuba kubhengezwe irhafu.
Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ngumntu ofanelekileyo othutha impahla?
Umthumeli wempahla ofanelekileyo wenza okungaphezulu kokubonelela ngexabiso eliphantsi. Nabani na anganika ixabiso eliphantsi; okubaluleke ngokwenene kukuchonga apho kukho iingozi khona nokuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa okukhuselekileyo.
Ngokukodwa, kufuneka bakuncede kule nyathelo:
Inyathelo 1: Qinisekisa ukwakheka kwentsimbi yemagnethi ngaphambi kokuba ithunyelwe.
Musa ukubuza umthengisi nje uthi, “Ingaba iqulethe i-dysprosium?”—endaweni yoko, cela ingxelo yovavanyo lokudibanisa. Ukuba iqulethe i-dysprosium okanye i-terbium, faka isicelo selayisenisi yento esetyenziswa kabini kwangaphambili. Ngaphandle kweli nyathelo, yonke imisebenzi elandelayo yakhelwe phezu kwesanti.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Yenza uhlolo lwemagnethi lokuthutha impahla ngenqwelo moya kunye neSatifikethi sokuthutha impahla yokuthutha impahla elwandle.
Kwimpahla yomoya, isitshixo yingxelo yokuhlolwa kwemagnethi: ukuba ingaphakathi kwemida, yithumele njengempahla eqhelekileyo; ukuba ingaphezulu kwemida, sebenzisa isikhuselo. Kwimpahla yolwandle, isitshixo siSatifikethi sothutho lweempahla, esimisela ukuba impahla ithunyelwe njengempahla eqhelekileyo okanye njengempahla eyingozi. Ukuba imveliso ineebhetri ze-lithium, ingxelo yovavanyo lwe-UN 38.3 kunye ne-MSDS nazo ziyafuneka.
Ukufunda okungakumbi:
Inyathelo lesi-3: Landela imithetho yokupakisha kunye nokwazisa ngerhafu.
Faka ilebhile yezinto ezinobungozi zeKlasi yesi-9 kwaye uphawule ngokucacileyo "I-MAGNETIC MATERIAL" apho kuyimfuneko. Kwimpahla ethunyelwa yi-LCL, qinisekisa kwangaphambili ukuba imveliso inomtsalane kwaye uqinisekise ukuba igcinwe kude nezixhobo ezichanekileyo ngexesha lokulayisha izikhongozeli. Xa ubhengeza irhafu, igama lemveliso, ukwakheka kwayo, kunye neenkcukacha kufuneka zihambelane ngokuchanekileyo nengxelo yovavanyo—ungazami ukunqumla indlela.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Zinike ixesha elaneleyo lokubhukisha nokulayisha.
Iimveliso zemagnethi zihlelwa njengemithwalo ebuthathaka; ukuqinisekiswa kwendawo kuthatha ixesha elide kunemithwalo eqhelekileyo, kwaye izibhengezo zeempahla eziyingozi kufuneka zingeniswe iiyure ezingama-72 kwangaphambili. Ungalindi de iimpahla zilungele ukubhukisha indawo; ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili kubalulekile ukuze uphephe ukulibaziseka ekuhanjisweni.
Ukuba udibana neminye imingeni yokuthunyelwa kwempahla, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukunxibelelana nathi ukuze ufumane iingcebiso. Singakunceda uvavanye iingozi zokuthunyelwa kwempahla, umisele ukuba ithuthwa kakuhle na, ubone amaxabiso, kwaye uphuhlise isicwangciso esibanzi sezothutho.
Thumela umbuzo wakho ku:sales16@senghorlogistics.com
Ixesha leposi: Sep-24-2026
